本文選題：伊朗 + 巴勒斯坦問題�。� 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：巴勒斯坦問題是當(dāng)代國(guó)際熱點(diǎn)問題,作為中東地區(qū)的大國(guó),伊朗對(duì)該問題也比較關(guān)注。本文由四章組成。 第一章闡述了伊朗對(duì)巴勒斯坦問題立場(chǎng)的演變。巴列維王朝時(shí)期,伊朗支持巴勒斯坦為爭(zhēng)取民族權(quán)利而進(jìn)行的合法斗爭(zhēng),主張巴勒斯坦有建國(guó)權(quán),巴勒斯坦難民有回歸權(quán),反對(duì)以色列對(duì)巴勒斯坦領(lǐng)土的占領(lǐng)。但伊朗認(rèn)為以色列的存在也應(yīng)得到承認(rèn),巴勒斯坦問題只有在巴以相互承認(rèn)的基礎(chǔ)上才能得到解決。伊斯蘭共和國(guó)時(shí)期,伊朗支持巴勒斯坦人民的反以武裝斗爭(zhēng),堅(jiān)持武裝斗爭(zhēng)是解決巴勒斯坦問題的唯一途徑,強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)巴以和談。 第二章研究了伊朗與巴勒斯坦解放組織和伊朗與哈馬斯的關(guān)系。伊朗與巴解組織關(guān)系的發(fā)展為由巴列維時(shí)期的冷淡到伊斯蘭革命勝利后初期的的親密,不久之后雙方關(guān)系惡化。其原因?yàn)橐晾逝c巴解組織存在分歧；伊朗與阿拉伯國(guó)家關(guān)系的惡化的影響；巴解組織在兩伊戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中支持伊拉克及其它的一些原因。而伊朗同哈馬斯的關(guān)系則由開始的冷淡轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橛H密。具體表現(xiàn)在：伊朗向哈馬斯提供政治、道義、財(cái)政及軍事支持。而伊朗與哈馬斯關(guān)系密切的根本原因是雙方有著各自的利益需要。 第三章對(duì)伊朗與阿拉伯國(guó)家在巴勒斯坦問題上的立場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了比較。兩者立場(chǎng)的相同點(diǎn)是：均采取支持巴勒斯坦的立場(chǎng)；均有從巴勒斯坦問題中謀取利益的考慮。不同點(diǎn)是：主張巴勒斯坦問題的解決途徑不同；對(duì)巴勒斯坦問題的影響不同。 第四章分析了影響伊朗對(duì)巴勒斯坦問題立場(chǎng)的因素。主要有：維護(hù)伊朗的國(guó)家安全；緩解阿拉伯國(guó)家對(duì)伊朗的壓力；擴(kuò)大伊朗在中東地區(qū)的影響；自身意識(shí)形態(tài)的影響。 本文得出兩點(diǎn)結(jié)論：1、伊朗一直支持巴勒斯坦人為恢復(fù)民族合法權(quán)利而進(jìn)行的斗爭(zhēng),但在巴列維王朝時(shí)期和伊斯蘭共和時(shí)期,伊朗對(duì)巴勒斯坦問題的立場(chǎng)有差別。2、與巴列維王朝時(shí)期相比,在伊斯蘭共和國(guó)時(shí)期,伊朗對(duì)巴勒斯坦問題的介入與影響要大,伊朗對(duì)巴勒斯坦內(nèi)部民族和解與中東和平進(jìn)程起了消極作用。
[Abstract]:The question of Palestine is a hot international issue in the contemporary world. As a major power in the Middle East, Iran also pays more attention to it. This paper consists of four chapters. The first chapter expounds the evolution of Iran's position on the question of Palestine. During the period of the Baleway dynasty, Iran supported the legitimate struggle for Palestinian national rights, advocated the right of Palestine to establish a state, and Palestine refugees had the right to return, and opposed the Israeli occupation of Palestinian territory. But Iran believes that Israel's existence should also be recognized, and that the Palestinian issue can only be resolved on the basis of mutual recognition between Israel and Palestine. During the Islamic Republic period, Iran supported the Palestinian people's armed struggle against Israel, insisted that armed struggle was the only way to solve the Palestinian question, and strongly opposed the Palestinian-Israeli peace talks. The second chapter studies the relationship between Iran and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and Iran and Hamas. The development of relations between Iran and PLO was attributed to the indifference of the Pahlavi period to the intimacy of the early days after the victory of the Islamic Revolution, and soon after the relations between the two sides deteriorated. This is due to differences between Iran and the PLO; the impact of deteriorating relations between Iran and the Arab countries; PLO support for Iraq in the Iran-Iraq war, among other reasons. Iran's relations with Hamas have shifted from an initial apathy to intimacy. In particular: Iran provides Hamas with political, moral, financial and military support. The fundamental reason for Iran's close ties with Hamas is that both sides have their own interests. The third chapter compares the position of Iran and Arab countries on the question of Palestine. The similarities between the two positions are: both take a pro-Palestinian position, and both have considerations of seeking benefits from the question of Palestine. The difference is that the solution to the question of Palestine is different, and the impact on the question of Palestine is different. Chapter four analyzes the factors that influence Iran's position on the question of Palestine. They include: safeguarding Iran's national security; easing Arab pressure on Iran; expanding Iran's influence in the Middle East; and influencing its own ideology. This paper draws two conclusions: 1: 1, Iran has always supported the struggle of Palestinians to restore their legitimate national rights, but during the period of the Pallavi dynasty and the Islamic republic, Iran's position on the question of Palestine is different. Compared with the period of the Pahlawi dynasty, in the period of the Islamic Republic, Iran's intervention and influence on the question of Palestine was greater. Iran has played a negative role in Palestinian internal national reconciliation and the Middle East peace process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D815.4

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