本文選題：美國對華政策 + 第三方面��； 參考：《中共北京市委黨�！�2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：1945年抗日戰(zhàn)爭勝利后，中國走到了十字路口。這是國共的決戰(zhàn)時刻，也是中國各種社會力量的抉擇時刻。 美國的對華政策影響著中國政局的走向。從自身利益出發(fā)，美國選擇了扶持國民黨政府建立親美政權(quán)。但蔣介石的專制獨裁成為美國施行既定策略的重大障礙，所以美國除了希望通過調(diào)停使共產(chǎn)黨放棄武器之外，自始至終都一直在爭取中國另一重要政治勢力——第三方面的支持，從而以“自由”、“民主”改善國民黨政府惡劣的形象，挽救即將崩塌的蔣介石政權(quán)。 戰(zhàn)后迅速崛起的位于國共兩黨之間的中國第三方面勢力，成為國共天平上最重要的砝碼。他們主要由知名知識分子或工商界人士組成，，以中立、客觀的形象左右著中國廣大中間階層的輿論風向。他們對美國的認識隨著時局的發(fā)展不斷變化。占據(jù)中國第三大黨地位的第三方面最初對美國進入中國是比較歡迎并充滿期待的；然后逐漸演變?yōu)閷γ绹馁|(zhì)疑和批評，但依然抱有幻想；直到被迫解散，才真正認清了美國對華政策的本質(zhì)，義無反顧的轉(zhuǎn)向了新民主主義道路。而作為獨立個體存在的“新”第三方面——自由主義知識分子，在戰(zhàn)后初期就窺破了美國在華的真正用意；雖然這些自由主義知識分子深愛著發(fā)達的美國，但濃烈的民族主義情緒支配著他們用筆桿子無情的揭露和批判美國在華的所作所為；他們痛恨美國的干涉，沒有成為美國寄望的國民黨政權(quán)的救命稻草；最終，他們也接受了中國政權(quán)的更迭。 美國對中國第三方面的政策最終失敗了，第三方面也被前進的時代大潮所淹沒。 知識分子和美國的關(guān)系既是歷史的問題，也是現(xiàn)實的問題。通過對這段歷史的回顧與分析，希望能給當代的知識分子階層一些有益的啟示。
[Abstract]:After the victory of the anti-Japanese war in 1945, China reached a crossroads. This is the decisive moment of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, but also the choice of various social forces in China. America's China policy affects the trend of China's political situation. In its own interest, the United States chose to support the Kuomintang government to establish a pro-American regime. But Jiang Jieshi's autocratic dictatorship has become a major obstacle to the implementation of America's established strategy, so the United States, in addition to mediating the Communists to give up their weapons, From beginning to end, it has been winning the support of another important political force in China, the third party, so as to improve the bad image of the Kuomintang government with "freedom" and "democracy" and save the impending collapse of the Jiang Jieshi regime. The rapid postwar rise of China's third-party power between the KMT and the CCP has become the most important weight in the balance of the KMT and the CCP. They are mainly made up of well-known intellectuals or business people, with a neutral and objective image to influence the trend of public opinion of the broad middle class in China. Their understanding of the United States changed with the development of the times. The third party, which occupies China's third largest party, initially welcomed and looked forward to the entry of the United States into China; then it gradually turned into a question and criticism of the United States, but remained under illusions until it was forced to disband. Only when the essence of America's China policy was recognized, did he turn to the new democratic road. As an independent individual, the third aspect of "new" liberalism intellectuals, the liberal intellectuals, caught a glimpse of the true intentions of the United States in China in the early post-war period, although these liberal intellectuals deeply loved the developed United States. However, the strong nationalist sentiment dominated them in exposing and criticizing the US actions in China mercilessly; they hated American interference and did not become the lifeline of the Kuomintang regime that the United States had hoped for; in the end, They also accepted China's regime change. America's third policy toward China failed, and the third was overwhelmed by the tide of advancing times. The relationship between intellectuals and the United States is both a historical and a practical issue. Through reviewing and analyzing the history, we hope to give some beneficial enlightenment to the contemporary intellectual stratum.
【學位授予單位】：中共北京市委黨校
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K266;D829.712

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