本文選題：俄羅斯 + 公共外交��； 參考：《河北師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：公共外交的概念最早起源于20世紀(jì)60年代的美國(guó)，隨著全球化進(jìn)程的不斷加快，公共外交作為一種新型的外交形式逐漸興起并日益發(fā)展。而國(guó)家形象則是一國(guó)對(duì)他國(guó)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化等方面的總體評(píng)價(jià)，國(guó)家形象作為軟實(shí)力的重要組成部分，努力塑造一個(gè)良好的國(guó)家形象對(duì)于每個(gè)國(guó)家都十分重要。在信息全球化的今天，國(guó)內(nèi)外的公共輿論對(duì)一國(guó)外交決策的影響不斷加大，公共外交在大國(guó)外交中顯示出極其重要的作用，進(jìn)而公共外交逐漸成為許多國(guó)家改善本國(guó)國(guó)家形象的一個(gè)重要的途徑。 蘇聯(lián)解體后，俄羅斯越來(lái)越注重對(duì)于本國(guó)公共外交和國(guó)家形象問(wèn)題的研究。作為一個(gè)昔日的超級(jí)大國(guó)，蘇聯(lián)的解體，使俄羅斯的國(guó)家形象受到影響，進(jìn)而使其在內(nèi)政和外交上倍受打擊。經(jīng)歷了解體初期的混亂和社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型帶來(lái)的困境，在進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)后，俄羅斯開(kāi)展了復(fù)興強(qiáng)國(guó)的戰(zhàn)略。一直以來(lái)，俄羅斯的國(guó)家形象是負(fù)面形象多于正面形象，這在歐美等西方國(guó)家表現(xiàn)的尤為明顯。俄羅斯作為正在崛起中的大國(guó)對(duì)本國(guó)的國(guó)家形象非常重視，因此政府針對(duì)國(guó)家形象面臨的困境，開(kāi)展了多種形式的公共外交活動(dòng)。本文通過(guò)對(duì)俄羅斯開(kāi)展的一系列的公共外交活動(dòng)的實(shí)踐及其在改善國(guó)家形象的方面取得的效果進(jìn)行分析研究，以期對(duì)同屬崛起中的中國(guó)有所啟示。本文共分為三個(gè)部分，對(duì)俄羅斯公共外交對(duì)其國(guó)家形象的塑造進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)論述。 第一部分，主要對(duì)公共外交與國(guó)家形象進(jìn)行理論概述。文章在界定了公共外交和國(guó)家形象的含義和特征的基礎(chǔ)上，分析了兩者之間的關(guān)系。一方面，公共外交有塑造與提升國(guó)家形象的作用，在全球化的今天，國(guó)家形象作為軟實(shí)力的重要內(nèi)涵越來(lái)越受到重視，各國(guó)多通過(guò)采取公共外交的方式來(lái)塑造本國(guó)的國(guó)家形象。另一方面，國(guó)家形象對(duì)公共外交也有反作用，良好的國(guó)家形象有利于公共外交更加有效的開(kāi)展，而負(fù)面的國(guó)家形象則在一定程度上會(huì)對(duì)公共外交的實(shí)施產(chǎn)生阻礙。 第二部分，著重分析了俄羅斯的公共外交對(duì)國(guó)家形象的塑造，，是本文的主體部分。該部分首先介紹了俄羅斯公共外交的總體發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，從中可以看出，俄羅斯的公共外交經(jīng)歷了起步階段和不斷發(fā)展兩個(gè)階段。其次，介紹了蘇聯(lián)解體20年來(lái)俄羅斯在國(guó)際社會(huì)中國(guó)家形象的演變和現(xiàn)實(shí)困境，俄羅斯的“妖魔化”和“俄羅斯威脅論”等都在丑化俄羅斯的國(guó)家形象，破壞俄羅斯的發(fā)展環(huán)境，開(kāi)展公共外交塑造俄羅斯國(guó)家形象是時(shí)代的需求。最后，詳細(xì)介紹了俄羅斯開(kāi)展多種形式的公共外交塑造國(guó)家形象的實(shí)踐，主要包括加強(qiáng)媒體對(duì)外傳播，成立專門機(jī)構(gòu)，廣泛開(kāi)展教育文化交流，舉辦大型國(guó)際活動(dòng)和提供國(guó)際援助等。 第三部分，對(duì)俄羅斯開(kāi)展公共外交塑造國(guó)家形象的若干思考，是本文的落腳點(diǎn)。該部分首先分析了俄羅斯公共外交的優(yōu)勢(shì)，進(jìn)而分析了開(kāi)展公共外交塑造國(guó)家形象的效果。俄羅斯有著公共外交文化氣息濃厚、名人效應(yīng)顯著等有利條件，各項(xiàng)公共外交的開(kāi)展，總體來(lái)看對(duì)其國(guó)家形象的提升有著比較明顯的作用，但應(yīng)該注意的是在這一過(guò)程中存在著缺乏雙向性的傳播方式和國(guó)家形象定位尚待進(jìn)一步明確等問(wèn)題。上述對(duì)俄羅斯開(kāi)展公共外交提升國(guó)家形象的個(gè)案分析和研究，對(duì)中國(guó)有著重要的啟示，我國(guó)可以借鑒俄羅斯的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，探討我國(guó)開(kāi)展公共外交的方式和具體措施，進(jìn)而制定我國(guó)開(kāi)展公共外交塑造國(guó)家形象的整體發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。
[Abstract]:The concept of public diplomacy originated in the United States of the 1960s. With the continuous acceleration of the process of globalization, public diplomacy is gradually rising and developing as a new form of diplomacy. The national image is a country's overall evaluation of the political, economic and cultural aspects of his country. The national image is an important group of soft power. As a part, it is important for every country to work hard to shape a good national image. In today's information globalization, the influence of public opinion at home and abroad on a country's diplomatic policy is increasing, and public diplomacy plays an extremely important role in the foreign affairs of a big country, and then public diplomacy has gradually become a country to improve its own country. An important way of image.
After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Russia paid more and more attention to the study of national public diplomacy and national image. As a former superpower, the disintegration of the Soviet Union caused the Russian national image to be affected, and then made it hit by the internal and foreign affairs. Since twenty-first Century, Russia has carried out a strategy of rejuvenation of a powerful country. The image of Russia has been a negative image more than a positive image. This is particularly evident in western countries such as Europe and America. As a rising country, Russia is very heavy on its national image, so the government is facing the difficulties facing the image of the country, A variety of forms of public diplomacy have been carried out. Through the analysis and study of the practice of a series of public diplomatic activities in Russia and its effect on improving the image of the country, this article is intended to enlighten the rising China. This article is divided into three parts, and the Russian public diplomacy is to its national form. The shaping of the elephant has been systematically discussed.
On the basis of defining the meaning and characteristics of public diplomacy and national image, the article analyses the relationship between the two. On the one hand, the public diplomacy has the role of shaping and promoting the image of the country, and the national image is an important part of the soft power in the global today. On the other hand, the image of a good national image is beneficial to the public diplomacy, and the negative national image hinder the implementation of public diplomacy to a certain extent. Hindering.
The second part, focusing on the analysis of Russian public diplomacy to shape the image of the country, is the main part of this article. This part first introduces the general development of Russian public diplomacy. From it, it can be seen that Russian public diplomacy has experienced two stages of starting and continuous development. Secondly, it introduces the disintegration of the Soviet Union for 20 years. The evolution and realistic predicament of the Russian image of the Chinese in the international community, the Russian "demonized" and "the Russian threat theory" are all vilify the Russian national image, destroy the Russian development environment and develop the public diplomacy to shape the Russian national image as the requirement of the times. Finally, the Russian development of various forms is introduced in detail. The practice of shaping the image of the country by the type of public diplomacy mainly includes the strengthening of media communication, the establishment of specialized agencies, extensive educational and cultural exchanges, large international activities and international assistance.
In the third part, some thoughts about the Russian public diplomacy to shape the national image are the foothold of this article. This part first analyzes the advantages of Russian public diplomacy, and then analyzes the effect of developing public diplomacy to shape the national image. In general, the development of the public diplomacy has a significant effect on the promotion of its national image. However, it should be noted that there is a lack of two-way communication and the positioning of the national image in this process. It has an important revelation to China. Our country can learn from the Russian experience, explore the way and concrete measures to carry out public diplomacy in our country, and then formulate the overall development strategy of China's public diplomacy to shape the image of the country.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D851.2

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