本文選題：南亞 + 中印關系��； 參考：《中共中央黨校》2010年博士論文

【摘要】： 中國對印巴的外交政策可以分為三個層面:在中國與印巴兩國關系層面,中國是否與印巴平衡發(fā)展友好關系;在印巴關系層面,是否希望印巴友好;在印巴沖突層面,印巴沖突時是否持中立、公正的立場。本文首先分三個階段回顧了中國與印巴關系的政策歷史線索。第一部分(20世紀50年代)中立,中國與印巴同時發(fā)展友好關系;希望印巴友好;在印巴沖突中持中立公正的立場,在克什米爾問題上主張雙方和平協商解決。第二部分(1962年至冷戰(zhàn)結束)介入,在國家關系層面,中國與印度交惡、與巴基斯坦友好;在印巴關系中支持巴基斯坦反對印度,在印巴沖突或者戰(zhàn)爭中,完全站在巴基斯坦一邊;在克什米爾問題上,支持巴基斯坦的要求。第三部分為冷戰(zhàn)后中國重回20世紀50年代的中立政策,并在中立的基礎上積極勸和。在這一階段,中國積極與印巴平衡發(fā)展關系;希望印巴友好;在印巴爭端中奉行中立政策,并利用自身的影響,在印巴之間積極促和。作者認為,中國對印巴的政策體現在具有重大影響的歷史事件當中。因此,本文挑取印巴關系中發(fā)生的幾次具有重大影響的歷史事件,來作為檢驗作者所概括的中國的政策目標。 本論文共分六章。第一章主要介紹了印巴沖突的三大根源,分別是印巴分治、克什米爾問題與印度的大國情結。第二章主要介紹20世紀50年代中國的南亞政策。在這一時期,中國在印巴之間奉行的是中立政策,并與印巴同時友好。第三章論述了中國南亞政策的調整。其中1959年西藏叛亂是中國南亞政策的轉折點,1962年中印邊界戰(zhàn)爭之后中國完全轉變了中立政策,開始介入印巴爭端,并支持巴基斯坦反對印度。第四章以1965年與1971年印巴兩次戰(zhàn)爭為例,來論證中國實行的是介入政策。在這兩次印巴戰(zhàn)爭中,中國完全站在巴基斯坦一邊反對印度,并通過向巴基斯坦提供經濟與軍事援助來維持印巴均衡。第五章論述了隨著國際形勢的發(fā)展以及中國國家發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的轉變,中國重新在印巴之間執(zhí)行中立政策,平衡發(fā)展與印巴的關系,并在印巴之間積極促和。 在總結以往對印巴政策歷史經驗的基礎上,最后一部分對將來的中國對印巴的政策提出了粗淺的建議,即在印巴之間,奉行中立并積極促和的政策最為符合中國的國家利益。具體政策表現為,中國在確保與巴基斯坦的傳統(tǒng)友誼的基礎上,與印度同時發(fā)展友好關系,在印巴爭端中奉行中立并積極促和的立場,力爭避免卷入印巴爭端,同時積極促進南亞次大陸的和平與穩(wěn)定。文中最后也為中國在如果印巴再次爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭時采取何種措施提出了一些不算成熟的建議。
[Abstract]:China's foreign policy towards India and Pakistan can be divided into three levels: at the level of relations between China and India and Pakistan, whether China will develop friendly relations with India and Pakistan in a balanced manner; at the level of India-Pakistan relations, whether China wishes to have a friendly relationship with India and Pakistan; and at the level of the India-Pakistan conflict, Whether or not India-Pakistan conflict is neutral and impartial. This paper first reviews the historical clues of China's relations with India-Pakistan in three stages. The first part is neutral, China and India and Pakistan develop friendly relations at the same time; hope that India and Pakistan friendly; hold a neutral and impartial position in the India-Pakistan conflict, and advocate a peaceful settlement of the Kashmir issue. The second part (from 1962 to the end of the Cold War) is involved. At the level of state relations, China is hostile to India and friendly to Pakistan. In India-Pakistan relations, it supports Pakistan against India, in the India-Pakistan conflict or in war. Fully on Pakistan's side; on Kashmir, support Pakistan's demands. The third part is the return of China's neutral policy in the 1950s after the Cold War, and actively advised China to make peace on the basis of neutrality. At this stage, China actively developed relations with India and Pakistan in a balanced manner; hoped that India and Pakistan would be friendly; and pursued a policy of neutrality in the dispute between India and Pakistan, and used its own influence to actively promote peace between India and Pakistan. The author believes that China's policy towards India and Pakistan is reflected in historical events with great influence. Therefore, this paper selects several important historical events in the India-Pakistan relationship as the test of China's policy objectives as summarized by the author. This thesis is divided into six chapters. The first chapter mainly introduces the three root causes of the India-Pakistan conflict, namely, the partition of India and Pakistan, the Kashmir issue and the Indian complex of great powers. The second chapter mainly introduces China's South Asia policy in the 1950's. During this period, China pursued a neutral policy between India and Pakistan and was friendly with India and Pakistan at the same time. The third chapter discusses the adjustment of China's South Asia policy. The Tibet rebellion in 1959 was the turning point of China's South Asia policy. After the Sino-Indian border war in 1962, China completely changed its neutrality policy, began to intervene in the India-Pakistan dispute and supported Pakistan's opposition to India. The fourth chapter takes the two wars between India and Pakistan in 1965 and 1971 as an example to prove that China implements the policy of intervention. In both wars, China stood with Pakistan against India and maintained a balance between India and Pakistan by providing economic and military aid to Pakistan. The fifth chapter discusses that with the development of international situation and the transformation of China's national development strategy, China has re-implemented the neutral policy between India and Pakistan, balanced the development of the relationship between India and Pakistan, and actively promoted peace between India and Pakistan. On the basis of summing up the historical experience of the past policy towards India and Pakistan, the last part puts forward some superficial suggestions on the future policy of China towards India and Pakistan, that is, between India and Pakistan, it is most in line with the national interests of China to pursue a policy of neutrality and positive peace. The concrete policy is that China, on the basis of ensuring its traditional friendship with Pakistan, has developed friendly relations with India at the same time, pursued a neutral and active position of promoting peace in the India-Pakistan dispute, and endeavoured to avoid involvement in the India-Pakistan dispute. At the same time, actively promote peace and stability in the South Asian subcontinent. At the end of the paper, some immature suggestions are made on what China should do if the war between India and Pakistan breaks out again.
【學位授予單位】：中共中央黨校
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D822.3

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 張萌;現實國際政治競爭下的中國縱橫方略[D];外交學院;2012年

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本文編號：1849752