本文選題：文化冷戰(zhàn) + 美國��； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期,為了遏制共產(chǎn)主義的發(fā)展和保護(hù)自己為首的西方陣營在思想上不受共產(chǎn)主義影響;同時(shí)盡最大可能拉攏東歐國家與人民接受美國價(jià)值觀念,盡早加入到自己的陣營,美國在冷戰(zhàn)的主戰(zhàn)場——?dú)W洲發(fā)動(dòng)了文化冷戰(zhàn)。美國在對(duì)西歐國家進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)援助的同時(shí),對(duì)西歐國家和人民進(jìn)行了意識(shí)形態(tài)和價(jià)值觀念的強(qiáng)化,以防止社會(huì)主義思想在西歐產(chǎn)生影響。同時(shí),鑒于歐洲人民對(duì)于美國的偏見,美國也需要通過文化冷戰(zhàn)來樹立自己的正面形象。美國在對(duì)蘇東國家進(jìn)行軍事、經(jīng)濟(jì)遏制的同時(shí),利用文化的力量,憑借輿論宣傳和情報(bào)搜集等方式發(fā)動(dòng)了一場針對(duì)蘇聯(lián)和共產(chǎn)主義“極權(quán)政權(quán)”的文化之戰(zhàn)。他們通過各種文化途徑對(duì)社會(huì)主義國家進(jìn)行“妖魔化”宣傳,以達(dá)到推翻社會(huì)主義制度的目的。就美國在歐洲的文化冷戰(zhàn)展開研究,對(duì)應(yīng)對(duì)新形勢下美國的文化霸權(quán)戰(zhàn)略,具有重要學(xué)術(shù)價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文內(nèi)容分為緒論、正文與結(jié)論三個(gè)部分。 緒論部分指出了本文的選題動(dòng)機(jī)和意義,在對(duì)國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀分析的基礎(chǔ)上,確定了本文的研究方法以及重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)。 第一章,戰(zhàn)后美國文化冷戰(zhàn)政策的起源。本章對(duì)文章主題“文化冷戰(zhàn)”作了概念上的分析界定,分析了美國政府進(jìn)行文化冷戰(zhàn)的原因,對(duì)冷戰(zhàn)前美國文化戰(zhàn)略的發(fā)展作了簡單的回顧以及分析了杜魯門政府在歐洲文化冷戰(zhàn)的形勢。 第二章,艾森豪威爾政府在歐洲的文化冷戰(zhàn)概述。作為背景分析,本章分析了艾森豪威爾政府時(shí)期的冷戰(zhàn)形勢,介紹了艾森豪威爾政府文化冷戰(zhàn)政策的制定。 第三章,艾森豪威爾政府在歐洲文化冷戰(zhàn)政策的實(shí)施。本章分別從西歐、蘇聯(lián)和東歐三個(gè)角度分析了美國在歐洲文化冷戰(zhàn)的實(shí)施情況。 結(jié)語部分,對(duì)艾森豪威爾政府文化冷戰(zhàn)的思考。該部分在綜合前三章基礎(chǔ)上總結(jié)出了艾森豪威爾政府時(shí)期美國文化冷戰(zhàn)三大特點(diǎn),即文化冷戰(zhàn)政策制定的差異性和相似性、文化冷戰(zhàn)政策實(shí)施的矛盾性、文化冷戰(zhàn)政策效果的有限性,簡要分析了文化冷戰(zhàn)的影響以及對(duì)當(dāng)今世界的啟示。
[Abstract]:During the Cold War, in order to contain the development of communism and to protect the Western camp headed by itself from the influence of communism ideologically, at the same time, it tried its best to persuade the Eastern European countries and people to accept American values and join their own camp as soon as possible. The United States launched the Cold War of Culture in Europe, the main battleground of the Cold War. While giving economic aid to the western European countries, the United States strengthens the ideology and values of the western European countries and people in order to prevent the influence of the socialist ideology in the western Europe. At the same time, given the prejudice of the European people against the United States, the United States also needs to build its own positive image through the cold war of culture. The United States launched a cultural war against the Soviet Union and the communist "totalitarian regime" by means of propaganda and intelligence gathering, while carrying out military and economic containment against the Soviet Union and the eastern countries at the same time. They propagandized the socialist countries through various cultural channels in order to overthrow the socialist system. It is of great academic value and practical significance to study the Cold War of American culture in Europe, which is of great academic value and practical significance in dealing with the strategy of cultural hegemony of the United States under the new situation. The content of this paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction part points out the motivation and significance of this paper, and on the basis of the analysis of the present research situation at home and abroad, determines the research methods, key points, difficulties and innovation points of this paper. Chapter one, the origin of American cultural cold war policy after the war. In this chapter, the author makes a conceptual analysis and definition of the theme of "Cold War of Culture", and analyzes the reasons why the US government carries out the Cold War of Culture. This paper briefly reviews the development of American cultural strategy before the Cold War and analyzes the situation of Truman Administration in the European Cultural Cold War. The second chapter, the Eisenhower Administration in Europe's cultural Cold War overview. As a background analysis, this chapter analyzes the Cold War situation during the Eisenhower Administration and introduces the formulation of the Cold War policy of the Eisenhower Administration. The third chapter, the implementation of the Eisenhower Administration in the European Cultural Cold War policy. This chapter analyzes the implementation of American cultural cold war in Europe from three angles: Western Europe, Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. In the conclusion part, I think about the Cold War of Eisenhower government culture. On the basis of the first three chapters, this part summarizes the three characteristics of the American cultural cold war during the Eisenhower administration, namely, the differences and similarities of the policy making of the cultural cold war, and the contradiction of the implementation of the policy of the cultural cold war. This paper briefly analyzes the influence of the cultural cold war and its enlightenment to the world.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D871.2

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