發(fā)布時間：2018-04-23 18:29

  本文選題：“百萬人委員會” + “院外援華集團”�。� 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：利益集團是美國政治進程中十分重要的因素,是美國政治運作不可或缺的主角。利益集團本身并不直接參與決策,其目標主要是通過院外游說活動實現(xiàn)的。在美國眾多的院外游說集團中,“院外援華集團”是一些專門為了影響美國政府的對華政策而形成的特殊利益集團。自20世紀40年代形成以來,“院外援華集團”便泛指存在于美國國內(nèi)外的一個廣泛的聯(lián)盟,其成員包括臺灣國民黨政府特務(wù)、美籍華人、受雇傭的美國游說人士、一些美國政客、學(xué)者、商人、被新成立的中華人民共和國驅(qū)逐的傳教士、以及一些因二戰(zhàn)后“失去中國”而失意的美國軍方人士,他們竭力維護臺灣的國民黨政府,并企圖摧毀中國的共產(chǎn)主義運動。 “院外援華集團”的代表性組織是“百萬人委員會”。作為“院外援華集團”的中堅力量,“百萬人委員會”的活動主題包括反對美國政府承認新中國和反對新中國進入聯(lián)合國、在第一次臺海危機中積極主張保衛(wèi)金門和馬祖、反對放寬對華貿(mào)易限制等。它充分利用報紙、廣播、請愿、時事通訊、競選捐助、國會聽證會等渠道展開活動,旨在對美國的民意、國會議員、學(xué)者、政府官員(尤其是國務(wù)院和國防部的官員)施加影響。 政治過程模式是本文主要的分析框架�！鞍偃f人委員會”為了實現(xiàn)反對美國政府承認新中國和反對新中國加入聯(lián)合國采取了多種游說方式。本文將在閱讀已有研究成果、美國外交政策文獻集、總統(tǒng)自傳、美國部分媒體報道的基礎(chǔ)上,分析這些游說活動在不同的國際、國內(nèi)背景下對美國政策對華決策的影響效果,評價“百萬人委員會”的歷史作用。并且結(jié)合當前中美關(guān)系的發(fā)展特征,對如何維持中美關(guān)系健康穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展提出建議。
[Abstract]:Interest group is a very important factor in American political process and an indispensable protagonist in American political operation. Interest groups themselves are not directly involved in decision-making, their goals are mainly achieved through outside lobbying. Among the many outside lobby groups in the United States, the "Foreign Aid China Group" is a special interest group formed to influence the American government's China policy. Since its formation in the 1940s, the "foreign aid group" has generally referred to a broad alliance that exists in the United States and abroad. Its members include agents of the Kuomintang government in Taiwan, Chinese-Americans, and hired American lobbyists. Some American politicians, scholars, businessmen, missionaries expelled by the newly established people's Republic of China, and some US military figures who were frustrated by the "loss of China" after World War II, have tried their best to defend the Kuomintang government in Taiwan. And tried to destroy China's communist movement. The representative organization of the Foreign Aid China Group is the one million people Committee. As the backbone of the "Foreign Aid to China Group," the activities of the "one million people Committee" include opposing the US Government's recognition of the new China and opposing the entry of New China into the United Nations, and actively advocating the defence of Kinmen and Matsu during the first Taiwan Strait crisis. Oppose the relaxation of trade restrictions on China, etc. It makes full use of newspapers, radio, petitions, newsletters, campaign donations, congressional hearings, and other channels to conduct activities aimed at the public opinion of the United States, members of Congress, academics, Government officials (especially State Department and Defense Department officials) exert influence. The model of political process is the main analysis frame of this paper. The million-man committee has lobbied in a variety of ways to achieve opposition to the U.S. government's recognition of the new China and to New China's admission to the United Nations. This article will analyze the impact of these lobbying activities on US policy decisions on China in different international and domestic contexts on the basis of reading the existing research results, US foreign policy literature collection, the President's autobiography, and some media reports in the United States. To evaluate the historical role of the million people Committee. According to the characteristics of Sino-American relations, this paper puts forward some suggestions on how to maintain the healthy and stable development of Sino-American relations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D871.2

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前5條

1 吳金平;院外援華集團與中美關(guān)系[J];東南亞研究;2003年04期

2 翟強;院外援華集團和杜魯門對華政策(1947—1949年)[J];世界歷史;1986年05期

3 趙穗生;;奧巴馬對華積極接觸政策及其挑戰(zhàn)[J];美國問題研究;2011年01期

4 資中筠;緩慢的解凍——中美關(guān)系打開之前十幾年間美國對華輿論的轉(zhuǎn)變過程[J];美國研究;1987年02期

5 資中筠;美國的中國問題學(xué)者與中美關(guān)系解凍[J];美國研究;1997年02期

，

本文編號：1793108