本文選題：核外交　切入點：核訛詐　出處：《湖南師范大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：2007年元旦,人們享受著新年伊始的歡樂,開始憧憬新一年賺取更多的財富時,美國原子能科學家協(xié)會卻打破了這種歡樂的氣氛。他們在越洋聯(lián)合發(fā)布會上宣布,把世界上最令人不安的計時器——世界末日時鐘①——的指針撥到23時55分,這意味著這是迄今為止距離人類文明被毀滅的最近的一次。50多年前,美國和蘇聯(lián)先后進行了原子彈爆炸,整個世界都被原子彈巨大的威力給震驚了,同時也由此揭開了各國核外交政策運用的序幕。 論文第一章通過分析當今全球核態(tài)勢以及美、俄、朝三個國家核外交政策的內(nèi)容與特點,為后文深入探討中國核外交政策奠定了基礎。論文第二章主要詳細闡述了中國核外交政策的形成及主要內(nèi)容,中國核外交政策形成的背景主要有：一是,二戰(zhàn)后世界各主要國家均開始大力發(fā)展核武器,尤其是美蘇之間的核軍備競賽,全球核態(tài)勢趨于白熱化競爭狀態(tài)；二是,幾乎在整個20世紀50年代和60年代,新中國都被迫在超級大國的軍事威脅下艱難的謀求自身生存和發(fā)展；三是,中國核威懾思想與核威懾政策的發(fā)展與確立。同時,中國核外交政策的形成主要經(jīng)歷了三個階段：首先是核威懾思想的初步形成；其次是核威懾思想與核威懾政策的正式確立；再者是中國成為推進全球核安全的可靠力量。接著文章在第三章著重論述中國核外交政策的主要內(nèi)容和特點,即中國的核外交政策是純粹的防御、自衛(wèi)性的,和平外交政策,其基本特點是有威懾無威脅,其次中國的核外交政策體現(xiàn)了全面禁止和徹底銷毀核武器的最終目的。 最后文章著眼于從軍事、政治、外交三方面分析中國核外交政策對自身及國際社會產(chǎn)生的深遠影響。軍事上,以威懾為基本內(nèi)容,有效地發(fā)揮了懾止他國對中國發(fā)動核打擊,起到了維護國家主權(quán)、領土完整的重要作用。政治上,以和平外交為內(nèi)涵的核外交政策,體現(xiàn)了中國負責任泱泱大國的形象,為其他國家樹立了良好的榜樣。外交上,作為公平正義的第三方力量的介入,有效促進了國際社會采取和平、談話的手段處理國際核問題,推進了國際核軍控與核裁軍的進程,起到了對有核國家的制衡以及對企圖發(fā)展核武器國家的有效制約作用。
[Abstract]:New Year's Day in 2007, when people enjoyed the joy of the beginning of the new year and began to dream of making more money in the new year, the American Association of Atomic Energy scientists broke the atmosphere of joy. They announced at a joint press conference across the ocean. By turning the hands of the world's most disturbing timer, the Doomsday clock 1, to 23:55, this means that this is the most recent atomic bomb to date, more than 50 years after the atomic bombings of the United States and the Soviet Union. The world was shocked by the prodigious power of the atomic bomb and the prelude to the use of nuclear foreign policy. In the first chapter of the paper, we analyze the current global nuclear situation and the contents and characteristics of the nuclear foreign policies of the United States, Russia and North Korea. In the second chapter, the formation and main contents of China's nuclear foreign policy are elaborated in detail. The background of the formation of China's nuclear foreign policy is as follows: first, After World War II, major countries in the world began to vigorously develop nuclear weapons, especially the nuclear arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union. New China was forced to struggle for its own survival and development under the military threat of the superpower. Third, the development and establishment of China's nuclear deterrence ideology and policy. At the same time, The formation of China's nuclear foreign policy has experienced three stages: first, the initial formation of nuclear deterrence, secondly, the formal establishment of nuclear deterrence and nuclear deterrence policy. Moreover, China has become a reliable force in promoting global nuclear security. In chapter three, the article focuses on the main contents and characteristics of China's nuclear foreign policy, that is, China's nuclear foreign policy is purely defensive, self-defensive, and peaceful foreign policy. Second, China's nuclear foreign policy embodies the ultimate goal of the total prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons. Finally, the article focuses on analyzing the profound influence of China's nuclear foreign policy on itself and the international community from three aspects: military, political, and diplomatic. In military terms, deterrence is the basic content and has effectively deterred other countries from launching nuclear strikes against China. It has played an important role in safeguarding national sovereignty and territorial integrity. Politically, the nuclear foreign policy with the connotation of peaceful diplomacy reflects the image of China as a responsible and great country and sets a good example for other countries. As a fair and just third party force, the intervention of the international community has effectively promoted the international community to adopt peaceful and talkative means to deal with the international nuclear issue and to advance the process of international nuclear arms control and nuclear disarmament. They act as checks and balances on nuclear states and effective constraints on attempts to develop nuclear weapon states.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D820;D815.2

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