本文選題：杜魯門政府　切入點(diǎn)：民防政策　出處：《渤海大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：民防是為保護(hù)民眾并進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)后重建而產(chǎn)生的一種防御措施。隨著冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)代的到來(lái),尤其是蘇聯(lián)對(duì)核技術(shù)的掌握,民防的重要性日益凸顯。民防隨即提上美國(guó)國(guó)家安全日程。杜魯門政府的民防政策基于美國(guó)在一戰(zhàn)二戰(zhàn)期間的民防傳統(tǒng),并受到冷戰(zhàn)與核武器發(fā)展這兩大因素的影響而出現(xiàn)。在經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)日本的戰(zhàn)略轟炸調(diào)查、軍方的3b-1報(bào)告、布爾報(bào)告、霍普利報(bào)告等一系列報(bào)告反復(fù)討論之后。杜魯門政府通過(guò)《聯(lián)邦民防法案》,并成立專門的工作機(jī)構(gòu),將這一政策確定下來(lái)。在聯(lián)邦民防局的帶領(lǐng)下,美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)進(jìn)行了大規(guī)模的民防實(shí)踐。聯(lián)邦民防局通過(guò)發(fā)起警戒美國(guó)等行動(dòng),來(lái)教育美國(guó)公眾使之對(duì)民防更加了解,另外提出了修建掩體等計(jì)劃來(lái)推行民防政策。但在這一過(guò)程中暴露出來(lái)的經(jīng)費(fèi)問(wèn)題以及其它方面所存在的爭(zhēng)論,使杜魯門政府時(shí)期的民防政策實(shí)踐未能完全達(dá)到其設(shè)想中的目標(biāo)。不管怎樣,杜魯門政府民防政策的制定與推行是為美國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)潛在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)威脅的舉措,盡管存在諸多的限制,美國(guó)政府、軍方、國(guó)會(huì)的爭(zhēng)論和研究依然增強(qiáng)了其對(duì)民防戰(zhàn)略價(jià)值、增強(qiáng)國(guó)家防御能力等方面的認(rèn)知,仍為后繼政府發(fā)展民防提供了經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:Civil defense is a defensive measure to protect people and rebuild after the war. With the advent of the Cold War era, especially the Soviet Union's mastery of nuclear technology, The importance of civil defense is becoming increasingly prominent. Civil defense is immediately on the US national security agenda. Truman's civil defense policy is based on the civil defense tradition of the United States during World War I and World War II. And was influenced by the Cold War and the development of nuclear weapons. After a strategic bombing investigation into Japan, the military's 3b-1 report, the Boolean report, After repeated discussions in a series of reports, such as the Hopper report, the Truman government passed the Federal Civil Defence Act and set up a special working body to define this policy. Under the leadership of the Federal Civil Defence Agency, The United States has carried out large-scale civil defense practices in the United States. The Federal Civil Defense Agency has educated the American public to know more about civil defense by launching actions such as vigilance against the United States. In addition, plans such as building bunkers have been proposed to carry out civil defence policies. However, the funding problems exposed in this process and the disputes in other areas have been raised. In any case, the formulation and implementation of the civil defense policy of Truman administration is a measure to deal with the potential threat of war for the United States, although there are many restrictions, The debate and research of the US government, military and Congress still enhance its understanding of the strategic value of civil defense and the ability of national defense, and still provide experience for the subsequent government to develop civil defense.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：渤海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D871.2

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 劉磊;美國(guó)知識(shí)分子與美國(guó)核戰(zhàn)略思想的演變（1945-1960）[D];華東師范大學(xué);2012年

2 郭培清;艾森豪威爾政府國(guó)家安全政策研究[D];東北師范大學(xué);2003年

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本文編號(hào)：1657570