本文選題：劉少奇　切入點(diǎn)：蘇聯(lián)　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：新中國成立前后中蘇同盟的建立，既是中國共產(chǎn)黨人的必然選擇，又反映出雙方的利益糾葛。結(jié)成這一同盟的基礎(chǔ)、目標(biāo)和條件錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜地交織在一起，，主要體現(xiàn)在如何處理對美國的政策以及怎樣解決各自的實(shí)際利益這兩個(gè)方面。在這兩個(gè)方面，既存在著中蘇同盟得以建立的基礎(chǔ)和目標(biāo)，又隱含著中蘇同盟產(chǎn)生矛盾和分歧的條件。 為期兩個(gè)月的劉少奇訪問莫斯科是新中國成立前夕中共采取的最重大的外交舉措。中共代表團(tuán)出訪的目的非常明確，就是通過雙方高級領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的會晤，直接向斯大林表明中共在國內(nèi)外重大問題上的立場，以此加強(qiáng)與蘇聯(lián)的關(guān)系，為中蘇的正式結(jié)盟奠定基礎(chǔ)。 訪問期間，雙方就中共推行的政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)戰(zhàn)略達(dá)成了一致意見。兩國結(jié)盟不僅緣于軍事上的合作，而且很大程度上取決于經(jīng)濟(jì)上的訴求。訪問在軍事結(jié)盟、經(jīng)濟(jì)援助等方面取得重大進(jìn)展，但沒有解決中蘇之間在解放臺灣、承認(rèn)蒙古獨(dú)立、中長鐵路等關(guān)系國家和民族利益沖突方面的一些敏感問題。 劉少奇訪蘇，解決的最重要的問題是中蘇兩黨之間基本信任感的建立以及搭建了中蘇同盟的基本框架。進(jìn)一步加深了兩黨之間的了解,最大限度地化解了中蘇兩黨之間的歷史隔閡,并為中蘇兩國結(jié)盟作了必要準(zhǔn)備,為新中國有計(jì)劃的、大規(guī)模的經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)爭取到了有力外援，對新中國的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)影響。如果說此前米高揚(yáng)訪問西柏坡實(shí)現(xiàn)了第一次最高層接觸，那么，劉少奇在蘇聯(lián)的訪問確定了雙方走向聯(lián)盟的方向，為此后毛澤東訪蘇并正式簽約結(jié)盟搭建了共識的平臺。從這個(gè)意義上說，劉少奇訪蘇的成功標(biāo)志著中蘇結(jié)盟正式形成的起始。
[Abstract]:The establishment of the Sino-Soviet alliance before and after the founding of New China is not only an inevitable choice for the Chinese Communists, but also reflects the interests of both sides. It is mainly reflected in the two aspects of how to deal with the policy towards the United States and how to solve the actual interests of each other. In these two aspects, there exists the foundation and goal for the establishment of the Sino-Soviet alliance. There are also implied conditions under which the Sino-Soviet alliance produces contradictions and differences. Liu Shaoqi's visit to Moscow for two months is the most significant diplomatic initiative taken by the CPC on the eve of the founding of New China. The purpose of the Chinese delegation's visit is very clear, that is, through a meeting of senior leaders of the two sides. In order to strengthen the relations with the Soviet Union and lay the foundation for the formal alliance between China and the Soviet Union, the Chinese Communists directly expressed to Stalin their positions on major issues at home and abroad. During the visit, the two sides reached agreement on the political and economic strategy pursued by the CPC. The alliance between the two countries is not only based on military cooperation, but also largely depends on economic demands. Significant progress has been made in economic assistance, but some sensitive issues concerning the liberation of Taiwan, recognition of Mongolia's independence, and the Sino-Chinese railway and other conflicts of interest between China and the Soviet Union have not been resolved. When Liu Shaoqi visited the Soviet Union, the most important issues resolved were the establishment of the basic trust between China and the Soviet Union and the establishment of the basic framework of the Sino-Soviet alliance. It further deepened the understanding between the two parties. The historical gap between the two parties was resolved to the maximum extent, and necessary preparations were made for the alliance between China and the Soviet Union, and for the planned and large-scale economic construction of New China, they won strong foreign aid. It has had a profound impact on the development of New China. If it was said that the first high-level contacts had been achieved by Migawa's visit to Xibaipo before that, Liu Shaoqi's visit to the Soviet Union set the direction for the two sides to move towards an alliance. In this sense, the success of Liu Shaoqi's visit to the Soviet Union marks the beginning of the formal formation of the alliance between China and the Soviet Union.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D829

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