本文選題：利比亞　切入點(diǎn)：美國(guó)　出處：《外交學(xué)院》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：非洲北部中東西翼的阿拉伯國(guó)家利比亞在1951年獨(dú)立后以其重要的地理位置和豐富的自然資源在國(guó)際舞臺(tái)上扮演了重要角色。獨(dú)立初期的利比亞處在伊德里斯王朝的統(tǒng)治之下,伊德里斯王朝統(tǒng)治腐敗,嚴(yán)重倚靠西方國(guó)家,激起民憤。1969年自由軍官組織首領(lǐng)卡扎菲帶領(lǐng)人民推翻伊德里斯王朝的統(tǒng)治,利比亞進(jìn)入一個(gè)新的時(shí)期。卡扎菲在奪取政權(quán)后,采取了截然不同于伊德里斯王朝時(shí)期的政策。卡扎菲反對(duì)霸權(quán)主義、反對(duì)殖民主義,追求國(guó)家獨(dú)立和阿拉伯世界的統(tǒng)一。利比亞反對(duì)美國(guó)的政策導(dǎo)致利美雙方在20世紀(jì)80年代沖突不斷,1989年洛克比空難事件使利美關(guān)系跌入最低谷,美國(guó)通過聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)對(duì)利比亞實(shí)施了長(zhǎng)達(dá)11年的國(guó)際制裁,而美國(guó)單方面對(duì)利比亞的制裁高達(dá)22年。在受制裁的歲月,利比亞經(jīng)濟(jì)遭受嚴(yán)重打擊,國(guó)際地位空前孤立。殘酷的現(xiàn)實(shí)使卡扎菲試圖改變利比亞受制裁的國(guó)際環(huán)境,2001年的“9·11”給利比亞帶來的轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)。卡扎菲改變了以往狂熱的態(tài)度,主動(dòng)反對(duì)恐怖主義,堅(jiān)持反恐斗爭(zhēng),放棄大規(guī)模殺傷性武器。利比亞采取一些列與美國(guó)交好的政策緩和了利美關(guān)系,同時(shí)由于利比亞重要的戰(zhàn)略地位以及利比亞豐富的石油資源,利美兩國(guó)在2004年恢復(fù)了部分官方關(guān)系。此后,利美關(guān)系處于正常發(fā)展階段。2011年3月,聯(lián)合部隊(duì)對(duì)利比亞開展軍事襲擊,這給與西方緩和關(guān)系的利比亞蒙上了一層陰影,西方國(guó)家以及反對(duì)派的反對(duì),卡扎菲統(tǒng)治搖搖欲墜。利美關(guān)系緩和的實(shí)質(zhì)值得我們思考。 本文回顧了自利比亞獨(dú)立以來的利美關(guān)系,對(duì)各個(gè)時(shí)期的利美關(guān)系進(jìn)行了闡述,并且分析利美關(guān)系產(chǎn)生的原因以及帶來的影響。本文運(yùn)用數(shù)據(jù)分析方法,層次分析方法以及歷史分析方法,試圖通過闡述分析利美關(guān)系的實(shí)質(zhì)�，F(xiàn)實(shí)主義國(guó)際關(guān)系學(xué)者認(rèn)為,國(guó)家利益是一個(gè)國(guó)家對(duì)外政策的目標(biāo)和手段。通過20世紀(jì)50年代以來的利美關(guān)系演變史實(shí)也說明,世界上沒有永恒的友誼,只有共同的利益。
[Abstract]:The east-west and east-west Arab state of northern Africa played an important role on the international stage after independence in 1951 with its important geographical location and abundant natural resources. Libya in the early days of independence was under the rule of the Idriss dynasty. In 1969, the leader of the Free military Organization led the people to overthrow the Idriss dynasty, Libya entered a new period. After Gaddafi seized power, He took a very different policy from that of the Idriss dynasty. Gaddafi opposed hegemonism and colonialism. The pursuit of national independence and the unity of the Arab world. Libya's opposition to the United States led to a constant conflict between Libya and the United States in 1980s, and the Lockerbie air crash of 1989 brought relations between Liberia and the United States to the lowest point. The United States has imposed 11 years of international sanctions on Libya through the United Nations Security Council, while the United States has imposed unilateral sanctions on Libya for up to 22 years. Unprecedented isolation of international status. Cruel reality has led Gaddafi to try to change the international environment under which Libya is subject to sanctions. On 2001, "9 路11" brought Libya a turn of events. Gadhafi changed his fanatical attitude, took the initiative to oppose terrorism, and insisted on the fight against terrorism. Renouncing weapons of Mass destruction. Libya's adoption of a number of policies of good relations with the United States has eased relations between Libya and the United States, while at the same time, because of Libya's important strategic position and Libya's rich oil resources, The two countries resumed some of their official relations in 2004. Since then, relations between the United States and Liberia have been in a normal stage of development. In March 2011, the United forces launched a military attack on Libya, which cast a shadow over Libya, where relations have eased in the West. Western and opposition opposition, Gaddafi's rule is shaky. The essence of the relaxation of relations between Liberia and the United States is worth thinking about. This paper reviews the relations between Libya and the United States since the independence of Libya, expounds the relations between Liberia and the United States in various periods, and analyzes the causes and effects of the relations. The analytic hierarchy process and the historical analysis try to analyze the essence of the relations between Liberia and the United States. National interest is the goal and means of a country's foreign policy. The historical facts of the evolution of relations between Liberia and the United States since 1950s also show that there is no eternal friendship in the world, only common interests.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D871.2;D841.3

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本文編號(hào)：1589947