發(fā)布時間：2018-02-04 00:40

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 德國經(jīng)濟(jì)模式 歐盟一體化 公平 效率　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：歐洲自2010年陷入了主權(quán)債務(wù)危機(jī)以來，復(fù)雜的國際經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢給歐盟一體化進(jìn)程又一次蒙上了陰影。眾所周知以往在歐盟一體化進(jìn)程中，德國一直是以中流砥柱的形象出現(xiàn)，現(xiàn)在以歐債危機(jī)為背景，雖然德國同其他歐盟國家一樣自身實(shí)力也遭受了損失，但是基于其經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)的雄厚，整體損失不大，反而在眾歐盟國家中凸顯了其經(jīng)濟(jì)上的優(yōu)勢，以及彰顯了其在歐盟決策中的重要性地位，不僅僅因?yàn)闅W債危機(jī)的各項解除方案都離不開德國的贊助和支持，也因?yàn)闅W盟經(jīng)濟(jì)制度中的德國印記，比如《里斯本條約》中規(guī)定歐盟經(jīng)濟(jì)制度為具有自由競爭性的社會市場經(jīng)濟(jì)，歐洲中央銀行獨(dú)立性構(gòu)造對德國聯(lián)邦中央銀行的模仿，而歐債危機(jī)從現(xiàn)實(shí)角度告訴歐盟各國，盡管其擅于學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒德國優(yōu)秀理念，但不如德國實(shí)施得有效率。德國社會市場經(jīng)濟(jì)特別注重在經(jīng)濟(jì)效率與社會公平之間的平衡，，即在充分肯定市場自由的前提下，也十分注重完善社會保障體系維護(hù)社會成員利益，既要保證市場盡最大可能創(chuàng)造出更多財富，也要保證社會成員的利益提高其積極性，以保證社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的良性發(fā)展與循環(huán)。以社會福利為代表的社會保障是促進(jìn)社會公平的重要手段，當(dāng)然，在維護(hù)社會經(jīng)濟(jì)效率方面，德國聯(lián)邦中央銀行獨(dú)立于政府制定各項貨幣政策也為社會市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的有效運(yùn)行創(chuàng)造了可能性。德國汽車行業(yè)領(lǐng)域就是社會市場經(jīng)濟(jì)中遵守公平與效率的典范。而歐盟雖然模仿了德國的這些制度，但把握不了公平與效率之間“度”的問題，不顧社會經(jīng)濟(jì)承受能力來增加社會福利使得市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的運(yùn)行受阻，一系列福利病的滋生必然給市場效率帶來壓力，歐債危機(jī)從根本上來說就是公平與效率之間的失衡。既然《里斯本條約》規(guī)定了歐盟經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的方向以及歐洲中央銀行也秉著獨(dú)立性原則進(jìn)行建構(gòu)，那么現(xiàn)在真正要走出這次危機(jī)，借鑒具有同樣制度建構(gòu)的德國所積累的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和接受德國的指引是具有合理性的。德國會不會成為未來歐盟具有魄力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，以及能不能承擔(dān)這種角色是需要予以全面估量的，一方面是德國社會的發(fā)展面臨改革壓力，另一方面是德國與歐盟之間的責(zé)任承擔(dān)問題，但筆者認(rèn)為，會不會在未來歐盟中付出更多領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力，關(guān)鍵在于從德國對歐洲債務(wù)危機(jī)的態(tài)度、立場和其行動來進(jìn)行可能性推測。
[Abstract]:Since 2010, Europe has been in the sovereign debt crisis, the complex international economic situation has cast a shadow on the process of EU integration once again. Germany has always been the mainstay of the image, now in the context of the European debt crisis, although Germany and other European Union countries have suffered losses in their own strength, but based on its strong economic base. The overall loss is small, but it highlights its economic advantages in all EU countries, and highlights its importance in EU decision-making. Not only is the resolution of the European debt crisis inseparable from the sponsorship and support of Germany, but also because of the German imprint in the European Union's economic system. For example, the Lisbon Treaty stipulates that the European Union's economic system is a free and competitive social market economy, and the European Central Bank's independent structure imitates the German Federal Central Bank. And the European debt crisis tells EU countries from a realistic point of view that they are good at learning and learning from German ideas. German social market economy pays special attention to the balance between economic efficiency and social equity, that is, under the premise of fully affirming market freedom. Also pay great attention to improve the social security system to safeguard the interests of social members, not only to ensure that the market as much as possible to create more wealth, but also to ensure the interests of social members to improve their enthusiasm. Social security, represented by social welfare, is an important means to promote social equity, of course, in maintaining social and economic efficiency. The development of monetary policies by the Federal Central Bank of Germany, independent of the government, also creates the possibility for the effective operation of the social market economy. The German automobile industry is a model of the observance of fairness and efficiency in the social market economy. The EU has imitated these German systems. However, the problem of "degree" between fairness and efficiency can not be grasped, and the increase of social welfare to increase social welfare makes the operation of market economy blocked, and the breeding of a series of welfare diseases will inevitably bring pressure to market efficiency. The European debt crisis is fundamentally an imbalance between fairness and efficiency. Since the Lisbon Treaty sets out the direction of the European Union's economic development and the European Central Bank is building on the principle of independence. So now we really want to get out of this crisis, it is reasonable to learn from the experience accumulated by Germany with the same system construction and accept the guidance of Germany. On the one hand, the development of German society is facing the pressure of reform, on the other hand, the responsibility between Germany and the European Union is a problem, but the author thinks. Whether or not there will be more leadership in the EU in the future depends on speculating on the possibility of Germany's approach to the European debt crisis, its position and its actions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D814.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前5條

1 朱宇方;;德國“社會市場經(jīng)濟(jì)”反思——一個秩序政策的視角[J];德國研究;2009年04期

2 陳德照;評歐盟經(jīng)濟(jì)若干問題[J];國際問題研究;2003年02期

3 朱乃新;;繁榮來自競爭 福利為了大眾——公平效率關(guān)系的歐洲模式及其反思[J];南京政治學(xué)院學(xué)報;2007年03期

4 董溯戰(zhàn);德國社會保障法律制度分析[J];新疆社科論壇;2003年04期

5 張健;;從歐盟債務(wù)危機(jī)管理看歐洲一體化前景[J];現(xiàn)代國際關(guān)系;2012年02期

本文編號：1488806