本文關(guān)鍵詞：法國(guó)公共發(fā)展援助的管理與評(píng)估　出處：《外交學(xué)院》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 公共發(fā)展援助 融資 評(píng)估

【摘要】：發(fā)展援助是國(guó)家發(fā)展對(duì)外關(guān)系的重要方面。法國(guó)政府歷來(lái)重視發(fā)展援助問(wèn)題，將其作為外交戰(zhàn)略的重要組成部分。近年來(lái)，法國(guó)在此方面做出了很大的努力，其公共發(fā)展援助的總額及對(duì)外援助占國(guó)民收入的比例在經(jīng)合組織國(guó)家中名列前茅。法國(guó)制定了“優(yōu)先團(tuán)結(jié)地區(qū)”政策，特別關(guān)注與其國(guó)家利益密切相關(guān)的國(guó)家與地區(qū)的援助。2000年聯(lián)合國(guó)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)及2005年《巴黎援助有效性宣言》的促使法國(guó)加大公共發(fā)展援助的力度并將其公共發(fā)展援助納入到有效評(píng)估的框架下。 目前，法國(guó)公共援助屬于中央集權(quán)式管理，整個(gè)援助體系由總理親自主持，由“部際合作與發(fā)展委員會(huì)”作為決策機(jī)構(gòu)，協(xié)調(diào)各部門(mén)在發(fā)展援助方面的政策和行動(dòng)。法國(guó)外交部及財(cái)政部負(fù)責(zé)管理、監(jiān)督和評(píng)估公共發(fā)展援助項(xiàng)目和計(jì)劃，而具體的援助事務(wù)，由法國(guó)開(kāi)發(fā)署負(fù)責(zé)執(zhí)行。 法國(guó)的公共發(fā)展援助有著廣泛的融資渠道。除了國(guó)家劃撥的援助資金，法國(guó)開(kāi)發(fā)署還通過(guò)在國(guó)際資本市場(chǎng)上的資本運(yùn)作，獲得大量低息貸款，并將其轉(zhuǎn)貸給受援國(guó)或?yàn)槭茉畤?guó)企業(yè)提供擔(dān)保。此外，法國(guó)外交部、財(cái)政部及法國(guó)開(kāi)發(fā)署分別管理著幾只專(zhuān)項(xiàng)基金，用于健康、環(huán)保等重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域的援助。 值得指出的是，，法國(guó)擁有較為完善的發(fā)展援助評(píng)估體系。除了法國(guó)外交部、財(cái)政部及法國(guó)開(kāi)發(fā)署對(duì)項(xiàng)目實(shí)施結(jié)果的評(píng)估，每隔幾年，法國(guó)審計(jì)法院及經(jīng)濟(jì)合作組織下屬的發(fā)展援助委員會(huì)還將對(duì)其發(fā)展援助的效果進(jìn)行評(píng)估。 法國(guó)的公共發(fā)展援助體系，對(duì)我國(guó)對(duì)外援助具有很多啟示。當(dāng)前，我國(guó)公共發(fā)展援助主要由商務(wù)部對(duì)外援助司負(fù)責(zé)。商務(wù)部與外交部、教育部等部門(mén)共同擔(dān)任對(duì)外援助的重任。當(dāng)前機(jī)制下，部際之間的協(xié)調(diào)溝通有時(shí)不夠通暢，對(duì)援助的效果產(chǎn)生了一定的影響。此外，還存在融資渠道單一、評(píng)估體系不完善等問(wèn)題。對(duì)法國(guó)公共發(fā)展援助管理及評(píng)估體系的研究，對(duì)健全我國(guó)對(duì)外援助體系，提高對(duì)外援助效果有一定借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Development assistance is an important aspect of the development of the country's foreign relations. The French Government has always attached importance to the issue of development assistance as an important part of its diplomatic strategy. In recent years, France has made great efforts in this regard. Its total public development assistance and foreign aid as a percentage of national income are among the highest among OECD countries. France has a policy of "priority solidarity areas". Special attention to aid from countries and regions closely related to their national interests. The United Nations Millennium Development goals of 2000 and the Paris Declaration on Aid effectiveness of 2005 prompted France to increase its public development assistance. And include its public development assistance in the framework of effective assessment. At present, French public aid is centrally administered, with the entire aid system under the personal supervision of the Prime Minister, with the Inter-Ministerial Committee for Cooperation and Development as the decision-making body. Coordination of sectoral policies and actions in the area of development assistance. The French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Finance are responsible for the management, supervision and evaluation of public development assistance projects and programmes, as well as for specific aid matters. The implementation is under the responsibility of the French Development Agency. France's public development assistance has a wide range of financing channels. In addition to the aid funds allocated by the State, the French Development Agency also receives a large number of low-interest loans through capital operations in international capital markets. In addition, the French Foreign Ministry, the Ministry of Finance and the French Development Agency each manage several special funds for aid in key areas such as health and environmental protection. It is worth noting that France has a better evaluation system for development assistance. In addition to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Finance and the French Development Agency evaluate the results of project implementation every few years. The Court of Audit of France and the Development Assistance Committee of the Economic Cooperation Organization will also assess the effectiveness of their development assistance. The public development aid system of France has a lot of enlightenment to China's foreign aid. At present, the foreign aid department of Ministry of Commerce is mainly in charge of the public development aid of our country, the Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The Ministry of Education and other departments jointly take on the responsibility of foreign aid. Under the current mechanism, the inter-ministerial coordination and communication are sometimes not smooth enough, which has a certain impact on the aid effect. In addition, there is a single financing channel. The research on the management and evaluation system of French public development aid has certain reference significance to perfect our country's foreign aid system and improve the effect of foreign aid.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D856.5

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