本文關(guān)鍵詞：明清時(shí)期漢江流域中藥材地理初探（1368-1911），，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

明清時(shí)期漢江流域中藥材地理初探（1368-1911）

明清時(shí)期漢江流域中藥材地理初探（1368-1911）

南北朝至清代,漢江流域作為防己、雷丸、千年艾、黃精、厚樸、綠毛龜、白花蛇、貝母、穿山甲等動(dòng)植物藥材的地道產(chǎn)區(qū),享有極高聲譽(yù)；石斛、枳實(shí)、鹿茸、麝香等常見(jiàn)藥材在唐代以后漢江流域地區(qū)亦有分布,荊三棱、菖蒲主要分布于漢江下游地區(qū),地道性不甚明顯。漢江主航道與丹江航道優(yōu)良的水上運(yùn)輸條件使得大規(guī)模藥材運(yùn)輸成為可能,然而地道藥材不一定成為主要貿(mào)易商品,其數(shù)量受自然條件制約較大,亦受山區(qū)開(kāi)發(fā)與環(huán)境變化影響,因此大宗中藥材貨物中僅有一小部分是地道藥材,晚清民國(guó)時(shí)期多以人工種植藥材為大宗商品,貿(mào)易種類繁多、數(shù)量較大。清代中期至民國(guó)時(shí)期,中藥材商品滲入漢江流域社會(huì)生活的多個(gè)方面,對(duì)于漢江流域端午、重陽(yáng)節(jié)用藥習(xí)俗發(fā)展與延續(xù)起到重要影響作用,山區(qū)流民、農(nóng)民以及城市小手工業(yè)者、外省大商人均參與到藥材貿(mào)易的環(huán)節(jié)中來(lái),形成漢江流域中藥材藥材市場(chǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。明清時(shí)期普通民眾、皇室及道士階層構(gòu)成漢江流域藥材的主要消費(fèi)群體,民國(guó)初年,藥材商幫的發(fā)展將本地區(qū)中藥材行業(yè)推向商品經(jīng)濟(jì)的頂峰,商幫成為影響漢江流域藥材市場(chǎng)的主要因素,以漢口鎮(zhèn)最具代表性。因清末山區(qū)過(guò)度開(kāi)發(fā)及西藥進(jìn)入中國(guó),漢江流域藥材貿(mào)易在民國(guó)初年漸漸停滯。本文旨在研究明清時(shí)期漢江流域中藥材的分布變遷及其參與貿(mào)易發(fā)展之歷程,淺析淺析清末至民國(guó)初年時(shí)期的中藥材分布變化及理由；從歷史地理學(xué)角度對(duì)漢江流域的中藥材地域水上運(yùn)輸路線作以研究；并對(duì)清末時(shí)期以漢口鎮(zhèn)為代表的漢江流域藥材市場(chǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)展變化理由作以探討。

【Abstract】 Hanjiang river district as the Tunnel region of medicinal plants and animals, such as Radix stemonae, Omphalia, Millennium ai, Sealwort, Magnolia officinalis, Green wool tortoise, White snake, Fritillary, Pangolin, and so on, enjoying the authentic high reputation from the Northern and Southern dynasties to Qing dynasty.Stone duhu, Acid-insoluble ash, Velvet antler and Musk were widely distributed in Hanjiang River after Tang dynasty.Thorns three edges and Calamus, which was distributed in the downstream of Hanjiang river, hadn’t very obvious authenticity.The excellent Transportation capability of Hanjiang Dangjiang main channel, Made Large-scale medicinal material transportation become possible.However, the authentic medicinal materials was not the Main trade goods, as it restricted by large number of natural conditions, so they were impact by the Mountain development and environment change.The artificial planted medicinal materials for commodities, had larger amount and trade varieties, in the Late Qing dynasty, only little parts of them were authentic medicinal materials.Chinese herbal medicine commodity, which made infiltration on various aspects of social life of Hanjinag river during the period form Mid Qing dynasty to the republic, had Playled an important influential role in the developmeent and continue of Drug using custom on the dragon-boat festival and the double ninth festival.In the Hanjiang river, mountain knave, farmers, small handicraftsmen, and provincial businessman had participated in the link of medicinal trade, it formed medicinal herbs market network of Hanjiang river basin.Ordinary people, royalty and taoist class Constitute major medicine consumer groups in the Hanjiang river at Ming and Qing dynasties.Businessman gang of medicinal materials, Which had pull it on the peak of Chinese commodity economy industry with it’s development of medicinal, became the mainly influence factors in the medicinal markets of Hanjiang river basin, The most representative one was The businessman gang of hankou.With Mountainous over-exploitation and Western medicine into China, medicinal trade gradually stalled in the early republic of Hanjiang river basin.This paper aims to study the evolution, distribution and the Trade development process of Chinese herbal medicine.In the Ming and Qing dynasties of hanjiang river basin; Analysis change and origina of the Chinese herbal medicine distribution at the early republic period of qing dynasty; From the historical geography Angle to research regional water transport routes of Chinese traditional medicine in Hanjiang river.discussing reasons for the development and changes of medicinal material market network such as the representative town of hankou in the Hanjiang river In the period of late Qing dynasty.

更多論文推薦: 各專業(yè)論文 海量論文下載

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：明清時(shí)期漢江流域中藥材地理初探（1368-1911），由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。