【摘要】：吳景超是我國近代著名的社會學(xué)家,他的學(xué)術(shù)思想在我國近代社會學(xué)界占有舉足輕重的地位。作為我國第一代社會學(xué)者之一,吳景超曾留美深造,師從芝加哥學(xué)派創(chuàng)始人帕克等人,接受了系統(tǒng)的社會學(xué)專業(yè)訓(xùn)練,他的學(xué)術(shù)也形成了注重搜集資料和證據(jù)的實(shí)證主義特征。學(xué)成回國的吳景超面對的是劇烈變革、危機(jī)四伏的中國社會,如何促使民族復(fù)興及“中國向何處去”的問題困擾著眾多學(xué)人。正是在這樣的時(shí)代背景之下,吳景超運(yùn)用自己豐富的學(xué)科知識對當(dāng)時(shí)動蕩不安的社會進(jìn)行了調(diào)查研究,發(fā)表了很多獨(dú)到的見解和觀點(diǎn)。吳景超是針對當(dāng)時(shí)社會發(fā)展進(jìn)程中產(chǎn)生的各種社會問題而提出解決方案的,目的是為了促使國家更好的發(fā)展,提高人民的生活水平。雖然吳景超的社會思想的理論基點(diǎn)是改良主義,但他的確是為了救國于危難之中,救民于水深火熱之中。這是值得我們學(xué)習(xí)的,社會學(xué)就應(yīng)該學(xué)以致用,為國家為民族作出應(yīng)有的貢獻(xiàn)。 改革開放以來,我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展取得了舉世矚目的成就,但不可否認(rèn),也存在一系列突出的矛盾和問題,發(fā)展不夠全面,也不夠協(xié)調(diào),可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力較弱。如城市化、工業(yè)化、新農(nóng)村建設(shè)、教育和人口等各方面都有這樣或那樣的問題。而吳景超對社會發(fā)展的許多方面都進(jìn)行過深入分析和研究,得出過不少關(guān)于這些方面的結(jié)論,這些結(jié)論有的現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)被證實(shí)。因此,我們有必要對吳景超的社會思想進(jìn)行研究,吸收其有用部分,以期對現(xiàn)今的社會發(fā)展有所啟迪。本文通過對吳景超的社會思想的研究,分析了他的社會思想對我國當(dāng)下的社會建設(shè)以及我國的社會學(xué)理論發(fā)展所具有的意義。 本文分引言、正文和結(jié)論三部分。 引言部分簡要介紹了本文選題的目的和意義、相關(guān)研究動態(tài)、研究思路與方法以及相關(guān)概念的界定。 正文共分六章： 第一章對吳景超社會思想產(chǎn)生的時(shí)代背景和他的人生歷程以及1949年新中國成立后他的思想的轉(zhuǎn)變進(jìn)行了介紹,意在為后面詳細(xì)論述吳景超的具體社會思想做好鋪墊。 第二章對吳景超在美國求學(xué)深造的經(jīng)歷進(jìn)行了敘述,同時(shí)對他的老師——芝加哥學(xué)派代表人物帕克進(jìn)行了介紹。正是這段求學(xué)經(jīng)歷讓吳景超在以后的研究中形成了注重統(tǒng)計(jì)資料和數(shù)據(jù)以及重視調(diào)查的實(shí)證主義研究特征。 第三章對吳景超的代表作《第四種國家的出路》進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹和論述。吳景超根據(jù)人口密度和職業(yè)兩個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將世界上的國家劃分為四種,認(rèn)為中國屬于第四種國家,兩個方面都需要改良。并指出出路就在于改進(jìn)生產(chǎn)方式,節(jié)制人口,以工立國。 第四章對吳景超關(guān)于發(fā)展實(shí)業(yè)以救國以及關(guān)于教育的理論進(jìn)行了梳理和總結(jié)。吳景超認(rèn)為發(fā)展都市可以很好地促進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村的發(fā)展。關(guān)于教育,吳景超認(rèn)為不管是都市還是鄉(xiāng)村的學(xué)校都應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟(jì)地理背景舉辦相應(yīng)的商業(yè)、工業(yè)教育。 第五章詳細(xì)介紹了吳景超的都市化社會學(xué)和節(jié)制人口的思想。吳景超的第一部著作《都市社會學(xué)》介紹了西方都市社會學(xué)的原理和方法。他認(rèn)為都市化和工業(yè)的發(fā)展必然會帶來人口膨脹的問題,因此吳景超又提出了中國必須實(shí)行節(jié)制人口的觀點(diǎn)。 第六章是對吳景超社會思想的價(jià)值和意義進(jìn)行分析和闡述。首先聯(lián)系我國當(dāng)前社會發(fā)展和社會學(xué)學(xué)科發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,對其理論意義和實(shí)踐價(jià)值進(jìn)行概括和總結(jié)；其次通過比較,對吳景超社會思想對當(dāng)代中國社會建設(shè)的啟示進(jìn)行闡述。通過比較當(dāng)時(shí)社會發(fā)展和我國當(dāng)下的社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)之間的異同,發(fā)現(xiàn)吳景超社會思想中對現(xiàn)今社會發(fā)展有益的部分。如其關(guān)于以工立國、發(fā)展都市以救濟(jì)農(nóng)村、節(jié)制人口的理論等。 結(jié)論部分總括全篇,探討吳景超社會思想產(chǎn)生的歷史淵源、特征與貢獻(xiàn)以及我們應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)對包括吳景超在內(nèi)的近代社會學(xué)家的研究。
[Abstract]:Wu Jingchao is a famous sociologist in modern China, and his academic thought plays a very important role in the modern social field in China. As one of the first-generation social scholars in our country, Wu Jingchao, who has been studying in the United States, has accepted the system's sociology professional training from the Chicago School's founder, Parker and others, and has also formed the positivism characteristic of the collection of information and evidence. Wu Jingchao, who has learned to return to his country, is facing a lot of students in the face of the drastic change, the four-volt Chinese society, how to promote the revival of the nation and the "where to go". Under such a background, Wu Jingchao used his rich discipline knowledge to investigate and study the troubled society at that time, and made many unique opinions and opinions. The purpose of Wu Jingchao was to raise the living standard of the people in order to promote the better development of the country and to improve the living standard of the people. Although the theoretical basis of Wu Jingchao's social thought is the reformism, he is indeed to save the country in the midst of the crisis, to save the people from the water. This is worthy of our study, and the sociology should be used to make due contribution to the nation. Since the reform and opening-up, the economic and social development of our country has made remarkable achievements, but it is undeniable that there are a series of outstanding contradictions and problems, the development is not comprehensive, and it is not coordinated, and the sustainable development ability is more Weak, such as urbanization, industrialization, new rural construction, education and population, etc. In many aspects of social development, Wu Jingchao has made an in-depth analysis and study of many aspects of social development, and has drawn a lot of conclusions on these aspects, and these conclusions are now proved Therefore, it is necessary to study Wu Jingchao's social thought and to absorb its useful part, with a view to starting with the present social development In this paper, through the study of Wu Jingchao's social thought, this paper analyzes his social thought to the present social construction of our country and the meaning of the development of the sociology theory in our country I. The introduction, the text and the conclusions of this article The first part briefly introduces the purpose and significance of the topic, the relevant research dynamic, the research thinking and the method, and the correlation. The definition of the concept. The text is divided into six chapters: the first chapter introduces the background of the thought of Wu Jingchao and his life course and the change of his thoughts after the founding of the new China in 1949, and is intended to discuss the tools of Wu Jingchao in detail later. The second chapter describes the experience of Wu Jingchao in the study of American education, and at the same time to his teacher _ Chicago school On behalf of the people, Parker made a presentation. It is the experience that has made Wu Jingchao to pay attention to the statistics and data in a later study and to pay attention to A study of the positivism of the investigation. The third chapter is the representative of Wu Jingchao. The way out> has been introduced and discussed in detail. Wu Jingchao divides the world's country into four categories according to the population density and the occupation two standards, and considers China to belong to the fourth In both countries, there is a need for improvement. It is pointed out that the way out is to improve the life. In the fourth chapter, Wu Jingchao on the development of industry to save the country and The theory of education has been sorted and summarized. The city can well promote the development of the country. With regard to education, Mr. Wu believes that schools in both urban and rural areas should be based on the local economy The related business and industrial education is held in the background. Chapter 5 details the Wu. The Thought of the City Sociology and the Control of the Population in Jingchao. The first book of Wu Jingchao is This paper introduces the principles and methods of western urban sociology. He thinks that the development of urbanization and industry will bring the problem of population expansion, and therefore, Wu Jingchao It also puts forward the view that China must carry out the control of the population. The sixth chapter is to Wu. This paper analyzes and expounds the value and significance of the thought of the view and super-society. First of all, the present situation of the current social development and the development of the social sciences in China is first contacted, and the theoretical and practical values are summarized and summarized. This paper expounds the enlightenment of the thought on the construction of the contemporary Chinese society. By comparing the similarities and differences between the social development and the construction of the current socialist modernization in our country, it is found that Wu The part of the thought of the social development that is beneficial to the development of the present society. The paper discusses the historical origin, characteristics and contribution of the thought of Wu Jingchao's society, and we should
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C91-092

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