【摘要】：在當(dāng)代西方社會(huì)環(huán)境運(yùn)動(dòng)中,生態(tài)女性主義的出現(xiàn)是環(huán)境運(yùn)動(dòng)與女性主義運(yùn)動(dòng)相結(jié)合而產(chǎn)生的一股強(qiáng)勁的社會(huì)文化思潮。生態(tài)女性主義關(guān)注的核心問(wèn)題是西方資本主義世界對(duì)于女性和自然統(tǒng)治之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。1974年,法國(guó)女性主義學(xué)者奧波尼首次提出“生態(tài)女性主義”這一概念,自此,生態(tài)女性主義作為一種社會(huì)思潮在西方社會(huì)迅速發(fā)展起來(lái)。 生態(tài)女性主義將解決生態(tài)環(huán)境危機(jī)與女性解放結(jié)合起來(lái),她們認(rèn)為大自然所遭受到的人類統(tǒng)治和壓迫是與女性所受到的壓迫一致的。由于西方資本主義社會(huì)的文化傳統(tǒng),特別是現(xiàn)代工業(yè)文明的建立和發(fā)展使得女性受壓迫的地位更加嚴(yán)重。因此,生態(tài)女性主義倡導(dǎo)女性要行動(dòng)起來(lái)反抗對(duì)自然生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞,并將自身與自然的命運(yùn)緊密結(jié)合,認(rèn)為只有人與自然的關(guān)系得到和諧發(fā)展,女性所遭受到的不平等待遇才會(huì)真正得到解決。 生態(tài)女性主義者在反觀西方資本主義社會(huì)發(fā)展歷史后指出,傳統(tǒng)的“父權(quán)制”世界觀和“二元式”思維方法是男權(quán)社會(huì)統(tǒng)治和壓迫自然和女性的思想根源所在,要改變女性和自然在人類社會(huì)受剝削和受壓迫的地位,就必然有賴于生物界的和諧發(fā)展,反對(duì)一切形式的統(tǒng)治和壓迫。 生態(tài)女性主義思潮經(jīng)過(guò)了近40年的發(fā)展演變,其理論思想在全球范圍內(nèi)不斷地發(fā)展壯大,在我國(guó)以及西方學(xué)術(shù)理論界中都已產(chǎn)生了相當(dāng)大的影響力。生態(tài)女性主義思想在不同的時(shí)間或地域亦有不同特點(diǎn)的表現(xiàn)。因此生態(tài)女性主義分為不同的思想流派,但無(wú)論是地域的差異還是流派的分別,它都是從女性和自然的特殊地位及二者之間的相互關(guān)系作為自身的理論出發(fā)點(diǎn),將環(huán)境公平與性別公平結(jié)合在一起進(jìn)行思考。因此,生態(tài)女性主義為解決生態(tài)環(huán)境危機(jī)和女性解放等問(wèn)題提供了新的方法和途徑。 與此同時(shí),生態(tài)女性主義也具有多元的文化視角。流動(dòng)性與不固定性是其理論思想的突出特點(diǎn)。生態(tài)女性主義誕生于后現(xiàn)代場(chǎng)域中,因此,生態(tài)女性主義兼具有后現(xiàn)在主義思想的理論共性,即反傳統(tǒng)性。然而生態(tài)女性主義又沒(méi)有與后現(xiàn)代主義相重合,它在一定程度上超越了后現(xiàn)代主義思潮并進(jìn)一步發(fā)展,使其形成獨(dú)具特色的理論思想。 本文對(duì)生態(tài)女性主義的理論基礎(chǔ)、現(xiàn)實(shí)依據(jù)以及在當(dāng)前的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r為寫(xiě)作背景,著重指出了生態(tài)女性主義的產(chǎn)生緣由,生態(tài)女性主義自身的理論內(nèi)涵及主要特征,并在此基礎(chǔ)上和后現(xiàn)代主義思潮進(jìn)行對(duì)比,指出作為后現(xiàn)代場(chǎng)域中的生態(tài)女性主義自身的發(fā)展特色,力圖深入挖掘該思潮的理論價(jià)值及其存在的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:In the contemporary western social environmental movement, the emergence of ecological feminism is a strong social and cultural trend of thought caused by the combination of environmental movement and feminist movement. The core issue of ecological feminism is the internal relationship between women and natural rule in the western capitalist world. In 1974, French feminist Auboni first put forward the concept of "ecological feminism". Since then, As a kind of social trend of thought, ecological feminism has developed rapidly in western society. Ecological feminism combines the solution of ecological environment crisis with the liberation of women, who believe that the human rule and oppression suffered by nature are consistent with the oppression of women. Because of the cultural tradition of western capitalist society, especially the establishment and development of modern industrial civilization, the oppressed position of women is more serious. Therefore, ecological feminism advocates that women should act against the destruction of the natural ecological environment, and closely combine their own destiny with nature, believing that only the relationship between man and nature can be developed harmoniously. Only the unequal treatment suffered by women will really be solved. After looking back on the history of the development of western capitalist society, ecological feminists point out that the traditional "patriarchal" world outlook and "dualistic" thinking method are the ideological roots of patriarchal society ruling and oppressing nature and women. In order to change the position of women and nature in the exploitation and oppression of human society, it must depend on the harmonious development of the biological world and oppose all forms of domination and oppression. After nearly 40 years of development and evolution, the theoretical thought of ecological feminism has been developing and growing all over the world, and has produced considerable influence in our country and in the western academic theorists. Ecological feminism also has different characteristics in different time or region. Therefore, ecological feminism is divided into different schools of thought, but whether it is regional differences or schools of difference, it is from the special status of women and nature and the relationship between them as its own theoretical starting point. Combine environmental equity with gender equity to think about it. Therefore, ecological feminism provides a new way to solve the problems of ecological environment crisis and female liberation. At the same time, ecological feminism also has a pluralistic cultural perspective. Liquidity and uncertainty are the outstanding characteristics of its theoretical thought. Ecological feminism was born in the postmodern field. Therefore, ecological feminism has the theoretical commonness of post-present thought, that is, anti-tradition. However, ecological feminism does not coincide with postmodernism, to a certain extent, it transcends the trend of thought of postmodernism and further develops, making it form a unique theoretical thought. Based on the theoretical basis, realistic basis and current development of ecological feminism, this paper points out the origin of ecological feminism, the theoretical connotation and main characteristics of ecological feminism itself. On this basis, it is compared with the trend of thought of post-modernism, and points out that as the development characteristics of ecological feminism in the postmodern field, it tries to excavate the theoretical value of the trend of thought and the practical significance of its existence.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：C913.68

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 姬娜;生態(tài)女性主義視角下艾米莉·狄金森作品解讀[D];陜西師范大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：2477450