發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-26 17:17

【摘要】：長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),留守兒童問(wèn)題備受政府、家庭、社會(huì)和學(xué)界的關(guān)注,而留守兒童安全問(wèn)題也曾多次引發(fā)社會(huì)輿論熱潮。留守兒童安全保護(hù)力量薄弱的現(xiàn)狀,嚴(yán)重威脅著留守兒童的生存質(zhì)量和成長(zhǎng)健康。尤其是近些年,留守兒童安全問(wèn)題頻頻被新聞媒體曝光,社會(huì)各界對(duì)留守兒童安全問(wèn)題的反思也進(jìn)一步加深,甚至于留守兒童安全保護(hù)被提上了國(guó)家治理議程。由此,自2016年始,國(guó)家積極實(shí)施留守兒童關(guān)愛(ài)保護(hù)措施,排查統(tǒng)計(jì)留守兒童信息,調(diào)動(dòng)多方力量共同參與,力求為留守兒童的發(fā)展提供最大的保障。在諸多學(xué)者探究留守兒童的教育、心理、品德的基礎(chǔ)上,本研究著力于留守兒童的安全保護(hù)問(wèn)題�；诩彝�、學(xué)校、政府在留守兒童安全問(wèn)題保護(hù)中的局限性,研究提出由社會(huì)工作組織介入留守兒童安全保護(hù)。在論述了留守兒童安全保護(hù)中社會(huì)工作組織介入的必要性和可行性的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)對(duì)重慶市石柱縣樣本選取地的留守兒童本人、留守兒童監(jiān)護(hù)人、留守兒童所在學(xué)校任課教師和留守兒童學(xué)校負(fù)責(zé)人、留守兒童居住地村干部的實(shí)地訪談?wù){(diào)查以及對(duì)“青助會(huì)”、“三生志愿者”等社會(huì)組織的案例分析,從橫向和縱向兩個(gè)維度剖析了社會(huì)工作組織在留守兒童安全保護(hù)中的介入要素、介入過(guò)程,其中介入要素分析了介入內(nèi)容、介入方式、社會(huì)工作組織介入過(guò)程中與其他組織間的互動(dòng)關(guān)系,介入過(guò)程探討了介入流程和介入形式。研究肯定了社會(huì)工作組織介入留守兒童安全保護(hù)的有效性,分析了其介入的現(xiàn)實(shí)成效,并進(jìn)一步挖掘其介入的有效經(jīng)驗(yàn),如發(fā)揮組織內(nèi)部團(tuán)隊(duì)合力、注重安全教育反饋、采用游戲性安全教育提高留守兒童安全自護(hù)能力等,同時(shí)就社會(huì)工作組織自身內(nèi)部阻礙因素和外部阻礙因素進(jìn)行探討并分析其原因,研究認(rèn)為造成其介入障礙的原因主要在于社會(huì)工作組織自我發(fā)展能力弱、社會(huì)工作組織的服務(wù)對(duì)象泛化、社會(huì)工作組織的服務(wù)聯(lián)動(dòng)性差、公民意識(shí)缺失、留守兒童的管理工作落實(shí)不到位�；谝陨戏治�,研究提出要汲取社會(huì)工作組織介入留守兒童安全保護(hù)的有效做法并提倡予以推廣,同時(shí)提出多項(xiàng)留守兒童安全保護(hù)建議,一是政府與社會(huì)工作組織的協(xié)同治理,融合學(xué)校、家庭等主體建立協(xié)作機(jī)制,形成全民共同參與的保護(hù)格局;二是鄰里互助,發(fā)揮熟人社會(huì)的力量;三是借用“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”,挖掘線上資源,建設(shè)留守兒童安全保護(hù)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系;四是對(duì)留守兒童安全問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的源頭進(jìn)行治理,也就是從留守兒童家庭入手,一方面健全并落實(shí)留守兒童的監(jiān)護(hù)機(jī)制,提高監(jiān)護(hù)人的責(zé)任意識(shí)和安全意識(shí),同時(shí)通過(guò)扶持留守兒童父母回鄉(xiāng)就業(yè)或留守兒童同父母隨遷進(jìn)城來(lái)重建留守兒童的家庭功能,另一方面建立留守兒童安全保護(hù)的系統(tǒng)工作程序和操作標(biāo)準(zhǔn);五是從留守兒童自身建設(shè)著手,提高留守兒童的自我保護(hù)能力。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the problem of left-behind children has been paid close attention to by the government, family, society and academia, and the safety of left-behind children has led to the upsurge of public opinion many times. The weak safety and protection of left-behind children seriously threaten the quality of life and growth of left-behind children. Especially in recent years, the safety of left-behind children has been repeatedly exposed by the news media, and the reflection on the safety of left-behind children has been further deepened, and even the safety protection of left-behind children has been put on the national governance agenda. Therefore, since 2016, the state has actively implemented the care and protection measures for left-behind children, checked and counted the information of left-behind children, mobilized various forces to participate in it, and made every effort to provide maximum protection for the development of left-behind children. On the basis of many scholars exploring the education, psychology and morality of the left-behind children, this study focuses on the safety and protection of the left-behind children. Based on the limitations of family, school and government in the protection of left-behind children, it is proposed that social work organizations should be involved in the safety protection of left-behind children. On the basis of discussing the necessity and feasibility of the intervention of social work organizations in the safety protection of left-behind children, through the sample selection of Shizhu County in Chongqing, the left-behind children themselves, the left-behind child guardians, Teachers in the school where the left-behind children live and the person in charge of the left-behind children's school, on-the-spot interviews with village cadres in the village where the left-behind children live, and case analysis of social organizations such as "Youth Association" and "Sansheng volunteers," etc. This paper analyzes the intervention elements and process of social work organization in the safety protection of left-behind children from the horizontal and vertical dimensions, in which the intervention elements analyze the content and mode of intervention. The interaction between social work organization and other organizations in the process of social work intervention, the process of intervention and the form of intervention are discussed. The research affirms the effectiveness of social work organization's intervention in the safety protection of left-behind children, analyzes the practical effect of its intervention, and further explores the effective experience of its intervention, such as giving full play to the internal team of the organization and paying attention to the feedback of safety education. Using play safety education to improve the safety and self-care ability of left-behind children, discussing and analyzing the reasons of internal and external hindrance factors of social work organization itself. It is believed that the main causes of the intervention obstacles are the weak self-development ability of social work organizations, the generalization of social work organizations' service objects, the poor service interaction of social work organizations, and the lack of civic consciousness. The management of left-behind children is not in place. Based on the above analysis, the study proposes to draw on and promote the effective practices of social work organizations involved in the safety protection of left-behind children, and at the same time puts forward a number of recommendations for the safety protection of left-behind children, one is the collaborative governance between the government and social work organizations, The integration of schools, families and other main bodies to establish a collaborative mechanism to form a common participation of the people in the protection of the pattern; Second, help each other in the neighborhood and bring into play the strength of acquaintance society; third, borrow the "Internet" to excavate online resources and build a network system for the safety and protection of left-behind children; Fourth, to manage the source of the safety problem of left-behind children, that is, to start with the families of left-behind children, on the one hand, to improve and implement the guardianship mechanism of left-behind children, and to raise the sense of responsibility and safety of guardians. At the same time, the family function of the left-behind children is reconstructed by supporting the parents of the left-behind children to return to their hometown for employment or to move with their parents to the city with their parents. On the other hand, the systematic working procedures and operating standards for the safety protection of the left-behind children are established. Fifth, from the left-behind children's self-construction, improve the left-behind children's ability of self-protection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：C913.5;C916

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