【摘要】：禮物交換一直是社會學和人類學界關注的熱點,已有的禮物研究大多著眼于與現(xiàn)代社會形態(tài)有別的原始部落及經(jīng)濟落后地區(qū),對禮物文化的研究主要集中在禮物本身,解決的是關于“為什么要回禮”的問題,它維系、強化并創(chuàng)造著各種——合作性的、競爭性的抑或是敵對性的——社會聯(lián)結。中國是一個倫理本位的社會,是一個關系本位的社會,中國自古以來存在著禮尚往來文化,特別是在婚姻儀禮中。隨著我國社會現(xiàn)代化的進程不斷推進,現(xiàn)代化的因子已經(jīng)滲透到了社會的諸多角落。改革開放后的一些農(nóng)村地區(qū),隨著市場經(jīng)濟的逐漸深入,也發(fā)生了現(xiàn)代化、工業(yè)化的轉變。村民們在婚姻儀禮場合中的禮物交換實踐已經(jīng)發(fā)生了許多變化,也因此帶來了村民之間社會關系網(wǎng)絡的變化。在20世紀40年代,費孝通先生的“差序格局”理論解釋了中國鄉(xiāng)土社會關系網(wǎng)絡的特征。隨著現(xiàn)代化的沖擊和社會的變遷,“差序格局”已經(jīng)發(fā)生了異化和演變。筆者嘗試運用社會學的視角和方法,通過對一個村莊中婚禮中的禮物形式和禮物交換的分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)“差序格局”理論對當下農(nóng)村的社會關系網(wǎng)絡仍具有一定的解釋力,但是增添了新的內(nèi)容,這就是姻緣關系、業(yè)緣關系、趣緣關系與利益關系滲入“差序格局”,導致“差序格局”所包括的社會關系范圍在擴大。
[Abstract]:Gift exchange has always been a hot spot in sociology and anthropology. Most of the present gift studies focus on the primitive tribes and economically backward areas of modern society, and the study of gift culture mainly focuses on the gift itself. What is solved is the question of "why return gifts", which sustains, reinforces and creates all sorts of-cooperative, competitive or hostile-social bonds. China is an ethics-based society and a relationship-based society. Since ancient times, there is a culture of etiquette and reciprocity in China, especially in the ceremony of marriage. Along with the progress of social modernization in our country, the factor of modernization has penetrated into many corners of society. With the deepening of market economy, modernization and industrialization have changed in some rural areas after reform and opening up. Many changes have taken place in the practice of gift exchange among villagers in the ceremony of marriage, which has also brought about the change of the social network among villagers. In the 1940s, Fei Xiaotong's "difference order pattern" theory explained the characteristics of the local social network in China. With the impact of modernization and the change of society, dissimilation and evolution have taken place. The author tries to use the sociological perspective and method, through the analysis of the gift form and gift exchange in a village wedding, finds that the "difference order pattern" theory still has some explanatory power to the current rural social relations network. However, a new content has been added, that is, marriage relationship, karma relationship, interest relationship and interest relationship infiltrate into the "difference order pattern", which leads to the expansion of the scope of social relations included in the "difference order pattern".
【學位授予單位】：河北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C913.1

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