【摘要】：城市社區(qū)自治是在黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下、在國(guó)家法律規(guī)定范圍內(nèi),不需要外部力量的強(qiáng)制性干預(yù),社區(qū)內(nèi)各種利益相關(guān)者包括居民、企事業(yè)單位等通過(guò)民主協(xié)商來(lái)合作處理社區(qū)公共事務(wù),并使社區(qū)進(jìn)入“自我教育、自我管理、自我服務(wù)、自我約束”的運(yùn)行狀態(tài),致力于把社區(qū)建設(shè)成為社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)下的文明、團(tuán)結(jié)、祥和、有序的居民生活社區(qū)。以城市為視角的社區(qū)民主自治建設(shè),關(guān)系到國(guó)家政治體制的完善,是穩(wěn)步發(fā)展社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)必不可少的重要組成部分。城市社區(qū)自治的對(duì)象是社區(qū)公共事務(wù),社區(qū)自治主體是社區(qū)內(nèi)的全體居民,社區(qū)自治的基礎(chǔ)在于協(xié)調(diào)參與者之間的權(quán)利關(guān)系建立民主協(xié)商機(jī)制。社區(qū)參與是指社區(qū)居民或社區(qū)組織直接或間接的加入到社區(qū)的公共事務(wù)的管理和社區(qū)發(fā)展中去的行為,社區(qū)居民參與包括參與主體、參與客體和參與途徑。 本文概括的說(shuō)是從以下幾個(gè)方面對(duì)城市社區(qū)自治和居民參與進(jìn)行研究的。首先,是對(duì)城市社區(qū)自治和居民參與的概念分析,社區(qū)建設(shè)的主要發(fā)展手段是民主自治,而民主自治的形成和完善離不開(kāi)社區(qū)居民的廣泛參與,社區(qū)自治和居民參與的關(guān)系是本文研究的立足點(diǎn)。其次,對(duì)我國(guó)城市社區(qū)發(fā)展歷程中居民參與狀況的總結(jié),以及取得的成就。第三,從參與意愿、參與程度和參與渠道三個(gè)方面探討我國(guó)城市社區(qū)自治中居民參與的問(wèn)題。參與意愿表現(xiàn)為理性認(rèn)知水平高,情感認(rèn)同程度低；參與程度是從參與率和參與方式的角度進(jìn)行分析的；參與渠道著手于議事層和執(zhí)行層的實(shí)際運(yùn)行情況。對(duì)上述問(wèn)題,本文從自治權(quán)和自治主體兩個(gè)角度分析了問(wèn)題形成的原因。最后,借鑒美國(guó)社區(qū)建設(shè)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)同時(shí),分別從體制和機(jī)制的層面對(duì)目前城市社區(qū)自治中居民參與的問(wèn)題提出了相應(yīng)的建議和對(duì)策。體制方面包括撤銷(xiāo)街道辦事處、設(shè)立民情接待日、居民論壇和完善法律體系；機(jī)制方面包括對(duì)社區(qū)居民參與意識(shí)的培養(yǎng)、加強(qiáng)社區(qū)服務(wù)建設(shè)和激勵(lì)居民參與等。只有有效的居民參與才能促進(jìn)城市社區(qū)自治的健康發(fā)展以及和諧社會(huì)的構(gòu)建。
[Abstract]:Urban community autonomy is under the leadership of the Party, within the scope of the state laws, there is no need for outside force of mandatory intervention, the community of various stakeholders including residents, Enterprises and institutions cooperate in handling community public affairs through democratic consultation, and enable the community to enter a state of "self-education, self-management, self-service, self-restraint". Committed to the construction of the community under the socialist harmonious society civilization, unity, peace, order residents live in the community. The construction of community democratic autonomy from the perspective of city is related to the perfection of national political system and is an essential part of the steady development of socialist harmonious society. The object of urban community autonomy is community public affairs, and the subject of community autonomy is all residents of the community. The foundation of community autonomy is to coordinate the right relationship among participants and establish democratic consultation mechanism. Community participation refers to the behavior that community residents or community organizations directly or indirectly participate in the management of community public affairs and community development. Community residents' participation includes participation subject, participation object and participation path. This paper summarizes the study of urban community autonomy and resident participation from the following aspects. First of all, it analyzes the concept of urban community autonomy and residents' participation. The main development means of community construction is democratic autonomy, and the formation and improvement of democratic autonomy can not be separated from the extensive participation of community residents. The relationship between community autonomy and resident participation is the foothold of this paper. Secondly, the paper summarizes the status of residents' participation in the development of urban communities in China, as well as the achievements. Third, the participation of residents in urban community autonomy in China is discussed from three aspects: willingness to participate, degree of participation and channels of participation. The willingness to participate is characterized by high level of rational cognition and low level of emotional identity; participation level is analyzed from the angle of participation rate and participation mode; participation channel starts from the actual operation of the deliberative and executive layers. In view of the above problems, this paper analyzes the causes of the problems from the perspectives of autonomy and autonomy. Finally, using the experience of American community construction for reference, this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions and countermeasures from the aspect of system and mechanism to the problem of residents' participation in urban community autonomy at present. The institutional aspects include the abolition of neighborhood offices, the establishment of reception days for the people, the residents' forum and the improvement of the legal system; the institutional aspects include the cultivation of community residents' participation awareness, the strengthening of community service construction and the encouragement of residents' participation, etc. Only effective resident participation can promote the healthy development of urban community autonomy and the construction of a harmonious society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：C916

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本文編號(hào)：2342301