北京城市居民職住分離影響因素研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-26 16:06
【摘要】：在快速工業(yè)化和城市化的背景下,中國的城市在經歷著空間結構重構和演化的過程,在城市社會經濟快速發(fā)展的同時,一些大城市陸續(xù)出現(xiàn)了交通擁堵、空氣質量下降等一系列城市問題,引起了學術界和有關政府部門的共同關注。 在北京的城市化過程中,上下班高峰的交通擁堵和通勤時間的增長等問題在近年來表現(xiàn)突出。本研究以北京市的通勤為研究對象,以統(tǒng)計方法和空間分析方法為手段,對北京市居民職住分離的影響因素進行研究,以期在理論層面探索職住分離內在的動力機制,在實踐層面對改善北京市的職住分離有所參考。 (1)通過對職住關系相關研究成果的梳理和分析,提出本研究的理論框架和技術路線：以城市地理學、行為地理學和空間分析為理論基礎,以通勤現(xiàn)象為切入點,采用定量研究與定性分析相結合,重點關注職住分離的影響因素。在技術方法上,通過對已有研究和較為成熟的方法的分析,選取單因素方差分析、logistic回歸分析和空間回歸分析為手段進行研究。 (2)實證研究表明,2010年北京市居民的平均通勤時間約為43分鐘,并且較2005年表現(xiàn)出明顯的增長趨勢。因此,北京居民職住分離現(xiàn)象較為普遍,居住和就業(yè)存在一定的空間錯位。 (3)通過單因素方差分析,表明年齡、性別等因素對職住分離具有一定程度的影響；進一步的logistic回歸分析顯示居住區(qū)位、就業(yè)區(qū)位、學歷和單位規(guī)模對職住分離的影響明顯；考慮空間自相關后的分析結果表明空間異質性對樣本整體的影響較大,居住區(qū)位特點、學歷和單位規(guī)模的影響較大。 (4)在對居民通勤時間空間特性進行研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)其在空間上表現(xiàn)出較明顯的空間自相關性,體現(xiàn)了地理學第一定律的作用；但通過對不同區(qū)域職住分離影響因素研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)空間異質性對大城市中此類問題影響較大,在職住分離研究中不僅需要考慮空間相關性,空間異質性也是必須關注的重要因素。 本研究最后提出了本研究的成功與不足,以及進一步分析需要深入的問題。
[Abstract]:Under the background of rapid industrialization and urbanization, Chinese cities are undergoing the process of spatial structure reconstruction and evolution. With the rapid development of urban society and economy, some big cities have appeared traffic jam one after another. A series of urban problems, such as air quality decline, have aroused the common concern of academia and relevant government departments. In the process of urbanization in Beijing, the problems of rush hour traffic congestion and commuting time increase are prominent in recent years. This research takes commuting in Beijing as the research object, taking the statistical method and the spatial analysis method as the means, carries on the research to the influence factor of the resident occupation and residence separation in Beijing, in order to explore the internal dynamic mechanism of the occupation and housing separation in the theory level. In the practical level to improve the separation of occupation and housing in Beijing has a reference. The main contents are as follows: (1) the theoretical framework and technical route of this study are put forward by combing and analyzing the results of the research on the relationship between occupation and occupation: taking urban geography, behavioral geography and spatial analysis as the theoretical basis, taking commuting phenomenon as the breakthrough point, Quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis are used to focus on the factors affecting the separation of occupation and occupation. In terms of technical methods, the single factor variance analysis, logistic regression analysis and spatial regression analysis are selected to study the existing research and more mature methods. (2) the empirical research shows that the average commuting time of Beijing residents in 2010 is about 43 minutes, and the average commuting time is obviously increasing compared with 2005. Therefore, the separation of occupation and residence is common in Beijing, and there is a certain space dislocation between residence and employment. (3) univariate analysis of variance showed that age, sex and other factors had a certain degree of influence on the separation of occupation and residence, and further logistic regression analysis showed that the location, employment location, educational background and unit size of residential area had obvious influence on the separation of occupation and residence. After considering spatial autocorrelation, the results show that spatial heterogeneity has a great influence on the whole sample, the location characteristics of residential area, educational background and unit scale. (4) in the study of the time and space characteristics of residents commuting, it is found that the spatial autocorrelation is obvious, which reflects the function of the first law of geography; However, through the study of the influencing factors of occupation and residence separation in different regions, it is found that spatial heterogeneity has a great impact on such problems in large cities, and spatial heterogeneity is an important factor that must be paid attention to. Finally, the paper points out the success and deficiency of this study and the problems that need to be further analyzed.
【學位授予單位】：首都師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：C913.2
本文編號：2296269
[Abstract]:Under the background of rapid industrialization and urbanization, Chinese cities are undergoing the process of spatial structure reconstruction and evolution. With the rapid development of urban society and economy, some big cities have appeared traffic jam one after another. A series of urban problems, such as air quality decline, have aroused the common concern of academia and relevant government departments. In the process of urbanization in Beijing, the problems of rush hour traffic congestion and commuting time increase are prominent in recent years. This research takes commuting in Beijing as the research object, taking the statistical method and the spatial analysis method as the means, carries on the research to the influence factor of the resident occupation and residence separation in Beijing, in order to explore the internal dynamic mechanism of the occupation and housing separation in the theory level. In the practical level to improve the separation of occupation and housing in Beijing has a reference. The main contents are as follows: (1) the theoretical framework and technical route of this study are put forward by combing and analyzing the results of the research on the relationship between occupation and occupation: taking urban geography, behavioral geography and spatial analysis as the theoretical basis, taking commuting phenomenon as the breakthrough point, Quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis are used to focus on the factors affecting the separation of occupation and occupation. In terms of technical methods, the single factor variance analysis, logistic regression analysis and spatial regression analysis are selected to study the existing research and more mature methods. (2) the empirical research shows that the average commuting time of Beijing residents in 2010 is about 43 minutes, and the average commuting time is obviously increasing compared with 2005. Therefore, the separation of occupation and residence is common in Beijing, and there is a certain space dislocation between residence and employment. (3) univariate analysis of variance showed that age, sex and other factors had a certain degree of influence on the separation of occupation and residence, and further logistic regression analysis showed that the location, employment location, educational background and unit size of residential area had obvious influence on the separation of occupation and residence. After considering spatial autocorrelation, the results show that spatial heterogeneity has a great influence on the whole sample, the location characteristics of residential area, educational background and unit scale. (4) in the study of the time and space characteristics of residents commuting, it is found that the spatial autocorrelation is obvious, which reflects the function of the first law of geography; However, through the study of the influencing factors of occupation and residence separation in different regions, it is found that spatial heterogeneity has a great impact on such problems in large cities, and spatial heterogeneity is an important factor that must be paid attention to. Finally, the paper points out the success and deficiency of this study and the problems that need to be further analyzed.
【學位授予單位】：首都師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：C913.2
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