【摘要】：村莊輿論充斥在村莊日常生活的每一個(gè)方面,在具體討論中,一方面將村莊輿論的研究范圍縮小至村莊里的閑言碎語(yǔ),另一方面,文章采用參與式觀察法、深度訪談法、文獻(xiàn)研究法全面獲取村莊道德生活的資料信息。文章主要運(yùn)用功能主義的分析方法來(lái)研究村莊輿論,以村莊輿論為切入點(diǎn),以高村為表述對(duì)象,在時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn)上選擇兩個(gè)具有代表性的歷史時(shí)段,即人民公社時(shí)期和改革開放以來(lái)的時(shí)期。在兩個(gè)不同的時(shí)間段內(nèi),通過(guò)描繪村莊的道德生活狀況來(lái)闡釋村莊輿論的特征和對(duì)村莊人們的意義。村莊輿論通過(guò)將村莊日常生活中的冗碎事實(shí)轉(zhuǎn)化為一個(gè)個(gè)道德性的評(píng)論事件,一再重申和強(qiáng)調(diào)村莊的價(jià)值觀和圍繞價(jià)值觀的道德規(guī)范,村莊輿論逐漸內(nèi)化于村民的潛在意識(shí),具有一定程度的威懾力,村莊輿論的道德規(guī)范功能得到論證。然而,村莊輿論的道德規(guī)范作用的有效發(fā)揮與一定的時(shí)代背景相關(guān)聯(lián)。集體時(shí)期的村莊是個(gè)熟人世界,村莊輿論體現(xiàn)為同質(zhì)性的道德認(rèn)同。具體是從道德化的話語(yǔ)評(píng)判、懲罰性的道德監(jiān)控、政治化的道德團(tuán)結(jié)三方面來(lái)看村莊輿論的道德監(jiān)控功能。改革開放以后,村莊社區(qū)逐漸淪為半熟人社會(huì),村民之間的關(guān)系一再疏遠(yuǎn),村莊輿論體現(xiàn)為異質(zhì)性的模糊評(píng)價(jià)。具體是從村莊社會(huì)空間的疏離、公共輿論失去在地性、混亂的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評(píng)價(jià)三方面來(lái)表現(xiàn)村莊輿論的道德監(jiān)控功能式微。農(nóng)村社會(huì)的頻繁流動(dòng)、市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的強(qiáng)力沖擊、現(xiàn)代傳媒的深入滲透已使村莊地方性共識(shí)的力量變得十分弱小,村莊輿論作為一種軟規(guī)范式微或無(wú)力。把村莊輿論放置在鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì)變遷的背景中,對(duì)村莊輿論的流變作了一個(gè)系統(tǒng)闡述,著重論述變化中的村莊和輿論,既包括輿論透視村莊變化,也包括村莊變化對(duì)村莊輿論的影響。村莊輿論在村莊的分化和變遷中展示了某種變化,這種變化同時(shí)印證了村莊這個(gè)道德共同體的某種解體趨向。深入挖掘和探析引起村莊輿論道德規(guī)范功能式微的根源,討論村莊社會(huì)高度個(gè)體化對(duì)村莊道德團(tuán)結(jié)體的威脅和挑戰(zhàn),提出公共性的建構(gòu)是實(shí)現(xiàn)村莊整合不可或缺的路向。
[Abstract]:The village public opinion is full of every aspect of the village daily life. In the concrete discussion, on the one hand, the research scope of the village public opinion is reduced to the gossip in the village, on the other hand, the article adopts the participatory observation method and the in-depth interview method. The literature research method obtains the village moral life material information comprehensively. This article mainly uses the functionalism analysis method to study the village public opinion, regards the village public opinion as the breakthrough point, regards the high village as the expression object, selects two representative historical periods on the time node, That is, the people's commune period and the period since the reform and opening up. In two different time periods, the characteristics of village public opinion and its significance to village people are explained by depicting the moral living conditions of villages. Village public opinion, by transforming the redundant facts of daily life into moral commentary events, repeatedly reiterates and emphasizes the values of the village and the moral norms surrounding the values. The village public opinion gradually internalizes the latent consciousness of the villagers. With a certain degree of deterrence, the moral function of village public opinion has been demonstrated. However, the moral function of village public opinion is related to the background of the times. The village in the collective period is a world of acquaintances, and village public opinion embodies a homogeneous moral identity. Specifically, the moral monitoring function of village public opinion is analyzed from three aspects: moralized discourse judgment, punitive moral monitoring and politicized moral unity. After the reform and opening up, the village community gradually reduced to a semi-acquaintance society, the relationship between the villagers again and again alienated, the village public opinion reflected in heterogeneous fuzzy evaluation. Specifically, the moral monitoring function of village public opinion has declined from three aspects: the alienation of social space, the loss of public opinion on the ground, and the chaotic standard evaluation. The frequent flow of rural society, the strong impact of market economy and the penetration of modern media have made the strength of village local consensus very weak, and the village public opinion as a soft norm has become weak or weak. Putting village public opinion in the background of rural social change, this paper makes a systematic exposition on the change of village public opinion, focusing on the changing village and public opinion, which includes the perspective of public opinion on village change. It also includes the influence of village change on village public opinion. Village public opinion shows a certain change in the differentiation and change of village, which also confirms the trend of disintegration of the moral community of village. This paper explores the causes of the decline in the function of moral norms of public opinion in villages, discusses the threats and challenges posed by the highly individualized village society to the village moral solidarity, and points out that the construction of publicity is an indispensable way to realize the integration of villages.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：C912.82
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本文編號(hào)：2192504