發(fā)布時間：2018-04-28 17:59

  本文選題：新農(nóng)村建設(shè) + 養(yǎng)老方式��； 參考：《上海工程技術(shù)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著農(nóng)村社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，農(nóng)村人口老齡化高齡化嚴(yán)重，傳統(tǒng)的家庭養(yǎng)老方式及現(xiàn)存的農(nóng)村社會化為老服務(wù)體系不完善，從而不能滿足老年人的養(yǎng)老需求。社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的提出，為建立農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)體系提供了新機(jī)遇，同時也提出了新的要求。因此，在新農(nóng)村建設(shè)背景下對農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)體系進(jìn)行研究，具有重要的意義和價值。本文運用文獻(xiàn)研究、調(diào)查研究、比較分析及時間序列分析等方法，以公共產(chǎn)品理論及社會福利社會化理論為支撐，對農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)體系的構(gòu)建展開了系統(tǒng)研究： 首先對農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)體系進(jìn)行理論梳理。隨著社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)由傳統(tǒng)家庭養(yǎng)老保障時期進(jìn)入多元化發(fā)展時期，同時面臨著來自農(nóng)村社會人口結(jié)構(gòu)、經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境、文化環(huán)境變化帶來的挑戰(zhàn)。在社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的背景下，農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)面臨新的發(fā)展機(jī)遇，應(yīng)采取社會福利社會化的原則，由國家通過公共產(chǎn)品或準(zhǔn)公共產(chǎn)品的形式進(jìn)行供給。 其次，本文以上海市松江區(qū)小昆山鎮(zhèn)為例，對農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)進(jìn)行實證研究。通過問卷調(diào)查及訪談，對該地區(qū)老年人的養(yǎng)老現(xiàn)狀、服務(wù)需求以及服務(wù)供給情況進(jìn)行了深入了解。小昆山鎮(zhèn)農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)取得了一些成績，但同時也存在家庭養(yǎng)老服務(wù)功能弱化、社會化為老服務(wù)供給總量不足、供給質(zhì)量偏低等問題，其根本原因一方面在于國家公共產(chǎn)品供給制度安排存在缺陷，另一方面在于隨著社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，老年人需求不斷增長但是支付能力有限。 再次，基于相似的社會背景及文化背景，對東亞文化圈的農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)進(jìn)行研究，主要選取了日本、韓國以及我國臺灣地區(qū)進(jìn)行分析，從中得到打破城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)、完善政策及法律體系、重視農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)的人力資源規(guī)劃以及充分發(fā)揮政府、家庭、社區(qū)以及社會力量的作用等經(jīng)驗啟示。 第四，構(gòu)建農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)體系的目標(biāo)模式。農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)體系的構(gòu)建應(yīng)以適應(yīng)農(nóng)村社會經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、公平與效率并重、科學(xué)性與前瞻性、政策的持續(xù)性與穩(wěn)定性為原則，構(gòu)建四位一體的農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)體系，為老年人提供生活照料、醫(yī)療保健、心理保健、文化娛樂、社會參與及權(quán)益保護(hù)等服務(wù)內(nèi)容，以促進(jìn)老齡工作目標(biāo)的實現(xiàn)，滿足老年人及其家庭的意愿。 最后，本文提出了構(gòu)建農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)體系的對策建議。首先，我們需要明確家庭、社區(qū)、政府、社會在農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)體系中需要承擔(dān)的責(zé)任。其次，我們要從社會參與政策、經(jīng)濟(jì)收入保障政策、衛(wèi)生健康政策、照料和公共服務(wù)政策四方面完善農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)政策體系。再次，我們應(yīng)加大農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)的財政投入、人力資源供給以及機(jī)構(gòu)建設(shè)投入。最后，在農(nóng)村社區(qū)為老服務(wù)體系構(gòu)建的過程中，我們應(yīng)注意社會氛圍的營造，為老服務(wù)推進(jìn)的地區(qū)差異及部門職責(zé)等問題。
[Abstract]:With the development of rural society and economy, the aging and aging of the rural population is serious, and the traditional family old-age care and the existing rural social service system are not perfect, so it can not meet the needs of the elderly. The construction of the new socialist countryside provides a new opportunity for the establishment of the rural community for the old service system, and at the same time puts forward new requirements. Therefore, under the new countryside construction background, carries on the research to the countryside community for the old service system, has the important significance and the value. Based on the methods of literature research, investigation, comparative analysis and time series analysis, this paper, supported by the theory of public goods and the socialization of social welfare, has carried out a systematic study on the construction of the old service system in rural communities. First of all, the rural community for the old service system theoretical comb. With the development of social economy, the rural community has entered the diversified development period from the traditional family old-age security period. At the same time, it is facing the challenges brought by the changes of the rural social population structure, economic environment and cultural environment. Under the background of the construction of the new socialist countryside, the rural communities are faced with new development opportunities for serving the old. They should adopt the principle of socialization of social welfare and be supplied by the state through the form of public goods or quasi-public goods. Secondly, this paper takes Xiaokunshan Town, Songjiang District, Shanghai as an example to make an empirical study on the rural community serving the elderly. Through questionnaire investigation and interview, the present situation, service demand and service supply of the elderly in this area were deeply understood. Some achievements have been made in the rural community of Xiao Kunshan for the elderly, but at the same time, there are also some problems, such as the weakening of the function of the family pension service, the insufficiency of the total amount of the socialized service for the old, and the low quality of the supply, etc. The basic reason lies in the defect of the national public goods supply system on the one hand, on the other hand, with the development of social economy, the demand of the elderly is increasing constantly but the ability to pay is limited. Thirdly, based on the similar social background and cultural background, this paper studies the rural communities in East Asia cultural circle for the old service, mainly selects Japan, South Korea and Taiwan area to analyze, from which we can break the urban-rural dual structure. Improve the policy and legal system, attach importance to the rural community for the elderly human resource planning and give full play to the role of the government, family, community and social forces and other experience and inspiration. Fourth, the construction of the rural community for the old service system of the target model. The construction of the old service system in rural communities should be based on the principles of adapting to the social and economic development of rural areas, paying equal attention to fairness and efficiency, being scientific and forward-looking, and maintaining and stable policies, and constructing a four-in-one rural community as an old service system. To provide services such as life care, medical care, mental health care, cultural entertainment, social participation and protection of rights and interests for the elderly, in order to promote the realization of the goal of ageing and to meet the wishes of the elderly and their families. Finally, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to construct the rural community as the old service system. First, we need to define the responsibilities of families, communities, governments, and society in the rural community service system. Secondly, we should perfect the policy system of rural community serving for the elderly from four aspects: social participation policy, economic income guarantee policy, health policy, care policy and public service policy. Thirdly, we should increase the financial input, human resource supply and institution building investment of rural community. Finally, in the process of constructing the old service system in the rural community, we should pay attention to the construction of the social atmosphere, the regional difference and the responsibility of the department.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：C913.6;C916

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