本文選題：生態(tài)環(huán)境　切入點：農民　出處：《河北經貿大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：我國經濟實力不斷增強，對農村經濟的發(fā)展也日益重視起來。近年來，政府出臺了多種關于農村發(fā)展的政策方針，促進了農村地區(qū)經濟的發(fā)展，改善了大部分地區(qū)農民的生活狀況。但是，農村的生態(tài)環(huán)境問題日益突出，成為農村建設的重中之重。農村的發(fā)展，不僅是經濟的發(fā)展，還應當包括環(huán)境的美化。但是，正是由于當前農村地區(qū)重經濟發(fā)展輕環(huán)境保護，農村的生態(tài)環(huán)境呈現(xiàn)出不和諧的狀況，農村環(huán)境問題層出不窮。環(huán)境惡化的形勢若得不到制止，不僅影響農民生存環(huán)境，反過來也會影響農村經濟的發(fā)展，形成惡性循環(huán)。因此，解決農村環(huán)境問題迫在眉睫。 當前，我國對生態(tài)環(huán)境建設加強了重視，但是農村地區(qū)相對城市較為薄弱，在十八大報告中，明確了生態(tài)環(huán)境建設的地位，把生態(tài)環(huán)境建設納入社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設中，同經濟建設、政治建設、文化建設、社會建設擁有同等地位，中國特色社會主義五位一體格局基本形成。農村生態(tài)環(huán)境系統(tǒng)是整個環(huán)境系統(tǒng)不可缺少的一部分，也是建設社會主義新農村的必然要求，必須加強對這一問題的重視，根據(jù)農村地區(qū)的具體情況提出建設性建議，促進農村全面發(fā)展。 在目前對農村生態(tài)環(huán)境的研究中，主要是論述存在的具體環(huán)境問題并在此基礎上提出相應的改善措施，而從農民這一微觀主體角度出發(fā)進行闡釋的很少。而農民是長期生活在農村的主體，他們的行為與農村經濟和農村環(huán)境的關系最為密切。因此，農民行為是否生態(tài)是農村環(huán)境狀況好壞的關鍵所在。本文在此基礎上，，以農民生態(tài)行為為研究點，研究農民生態(tài)行為的影響因素，從而實現(xiàn)農民行為的生態(tài)化，為農村環(huán)境建設出謀劃策。 本研究選取河北省太行山老區(qū)的農村地區(qū)為研究區(qū)域，河北省是革命老區(qū)，大部分的縣市都轄有一定區(qū)域的革命老區(qū)，其中有代表性的是石家莊所轄的鹿泉、平山、井陘、贊皇，保定市所轄的唐縣、淶水、淶源、阜平、易縣、滿城等以及邯鄲的涉縣等區(qū)域，河北省太行山老區(qū)是京津和華北平原生態(tài)屏障的重要組成部分，是我國北方地區(qū)半濕潤半干旱區(qū)的代表，同時也是西部大開發(fā)的過渡地帶。正是因其這一特殊的地理位置，使得其經濟發(fā)展方式和生態(tài)環(huán)境對我國整體自然環(huán)境具有重大的輻射作用，尤其是對華北地區(qū)的影響不可小覷。因此，本研究以此地區(qū)的農民為研究對象，到農村地區(qū)實施調研活動，發(fā)放調查問卷，研究農民生態(tài)行為。 本研究提出了農民的知識水平、意識水平以及外部環(huán)境因素是影響農民生態(tài)行為的主要因素，并對此進行了相關分析和回歸分析，同時對農民生態(tài)行為在人口統(tǒng)計變量上的差異性做了簡要分析。根據(jù)分析結果，可以得出農民的生態(tài)知識水平、意識水平以及外部環(huán)境對農民生態(tài)行為具有顯著正向影響，是農民行為生態(tài)與否的原因所在，且年齡和文化程度不同農民生態(tài)行為也表現(xiàn)出一定的差異性。因此，要實現(xiàn)農民行為的生態(tài)化，就要豐富農民的生態(tài)知識，進而提高其生態(tài)意識，讓生態(tài)行為內化為自身的一種習慣，同時還要注重發(fā)揮外部因素的強化作用。具體措施如下，首先要構建生態(tài)知識普及機制，充分利用多種形式、多種渠道向農民宣傳環(huán)境保護知識，并注重與農民的生產和生活相結合，增進農民對環(huán)保知識的了解；其次，構建生態(tài)道德教育引導機制，提高農民生態(tài)意識水平。通過生態(tài)教育，改變農民在人與自然關系問題上的看法，逐漸樹立以“生態(tài)利益”為導向的價值觀，形成社會責任感，將生態(tài)環(huán)境保護內化為自身的行為習慣；最后，重視外部環(huán)境的作用。從政府政策、農村自治組織、以及鄉(xiāng)村文化建設三方面出發(fā)，發(fā)揮外部因素的影響作用。關于人口統(tǒng)計變量方面，由于農民在不同的年齡階段和不同的文化程度生態(tài)行為有一定的差異，在年齡方面要具體問題具體分析，在文化水平上要加強對農民的教育，提高他們的文化水平（文化水平越高的人生態(tài)行為表現(xiàn)越好）。 總之，實現(xiàn)農民行為的生態(tài)化，對改善農村環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀，實現(xiàn)社會主義新農村建設的意義重大。
[Abstract]:China's growing economic strength, the development of rural economy is becoming more and more attention. In recent years, the government introduced a variety of rural development policy, promote the economic development of rural areas, improve the living conditions of farmers in most areas. However, the ecological environment problems in rural areas have become increasingly prominent, has become the priority among priorities the construction in rural areas. The rural development is not only the development of the economy, should also include the beautification of the environment. However, it is due to the heavy current economic development in rural areas in light of environmental protection, the rural ecological environment is not harmonious, emerge in an endless stream environmental problems in the rural areas. The deterioration of the environment situation if not to stop, not only influence the living environment of farmers, which in turn will affect the development of rural economy, forming a vicious spiral. Therefore, to solve environmental problems in rural areas is imminent.
At present, China has strengthened the importance of ecological environment construction in rural areas, but the city is relatively weak, in the eighteen report, the construction of the ecological environment status, the ecological environment construction in the construction of socialist modernization, with economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction have equal status, China socialist five the basic pattern of the formation. The rural ecological environment system is an indispensable part of the environmental systems, but also the inevitable requirement of building a new socialist countryside, we must strengthen the importance of this issue, puts forward some constructive suggestions according to the specific situation in rural areas, promoting the development of countryside.
In the present study on the ecological environment in rural areas, mainly discusses the specific environmental problems existed and put forward the corresponding improvement measures, and rarely from the point of view of the microscopic subject of interpretation. Farmers and farmers is the main long-term living in rural areas, the relationship between their behavior and the rural economy and the environment closely. Therefore, whether the behavior of farmers is the key to the quality of rural ecological environment. On this basis, the farmers' ecological behavior as the research point, study the factors affecting farmers' ecological behavior, so as to realize the ecological behavior of farmers, to give advice and suggestions of rural environmental construction.
The study of rural areas in Hebei province were selected as the study area in Taihang Mountain District, Hebei Province, is the old revolutionary base areas, most of the counties under the jurisdiction of a certain area of the old revolutionary base areas, which is representative of Shijiazhuang under the jurisdiction of Luquan, Jingxing, Zanhuang, Pingshan, Baoding city under the jurisdiction of Tangxian County, Laishui, Laiyuan, Fuping, Yixian County Mancheng, Handan and Shexian County areas, Hebei Province, Taihang Mountain area is an important part of the Beijing Tianjin and North China plain ecological barrier, is the representative of northern China in semi humid and semi-arid region, but also the western development of the transition zone. This is because of its special geographical position, make its economic development the way and the ecological environment has great influence on the overall natural radiation environment in our country, especially on the North China area should not be overlooked. Therefore, the farmers in the area as the research object, the implementation of rural areas Research activities, survey questionnaires, and study farmers' ecological behavior.
鏈爺絀舵彁鍑轟簡鍐滄皯鐨勭煡璇嗘按騫

本文編號：1604441