本文選題：留守婦女　切入點：健康促進　出處：《寧夏醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：背景:在農(nóng)村,特別是在邊遠貧困的少數(shù)民族地區(qū),農(nóng)村留守婦女在健康方面的發(fā)展處于比較低的水平。2014年,愛德基金會、美國ERD在寧夏吳忠市農(nóng)村地區(qū)援助實施了寧夏農(nóng)村留守婦女發(fā)展項目,旨在通過對留守婦女進行健康教育及健康宣傳,提高留守婦女的健康狀況。本研究通過對項目的條件-過程-結(jié)果實施情況進行綜合評價,分析健康促進的實施效果,這對促進留守婦女的健康發(fā)展,從而促進少數(shù)民族農(nóng)村地區(qū)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。目的:按照條件-過程-結(jié)果評價原理建立評價指標體系,對項目實施效果進行客觀的評價,對項目實施效果進行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)存在的問題與不足,為項目的進一步實施推廣提供政策建議,為寧夏農(nóng)村留守婦女的發(fā)展提供理論基礎(chǔ)和實踐指導(dǎo)。方法:采用問卷調(diào)查和訪談的方法獲得相關(guān)資料;運用德爾菲法建立評價指標體系;比較過程中采用描述性方法和卡方檢驗進行分析;采用logistic回歸分析健康影響因素,多元線性回歸分析法分析項目健康干預(yù)效果影響因素;采用因子分析法進行婦女滿意度評價。結(jié)果:1.通過德爾菲法建立項目評價指標體系,包括3個一級指標、9個二級指標、27個三級指標。2.實施過程方面:基線調(diào)查結(jié)果,婦女主要集中在26-35歲和36-45歲兩個年齡段,初中文化程度占總?cè)藬?shù)的65.34%;67.78%的婦女對常見婦科疾病僅了解一點;婦女發(fā)展需求以婦幼保健、老年人保健以及常見婦科疾病的預(yù)防與治療為主。項目經(jīng)費情況,總經(jīng)費為1088856.56元,經(jīng)費總到位率為101.87%,項目經(jīng)費無違規(guī)使用情況。項目活動開展情況,項目期間共開展三次婦女健康體檢,體檢人數(shù)200人;衛(wèi)生工作者培訓(xùn)6次,培訓(xùn)人數(shù)52人;健康知識培訓(xùn)18次,培訓(xùn)人數(shù)1058人;健康教育宣傳15次,宣傳人數(shù)8586人。3.項目實施效果方面:衛(wèi)生工作者培訓(xùn)知曉率為85.46%;金川村健康知識知曉率提高了25.66%,山水溝村提高了28.14%,山水溝村健康知識知曉率總體高于金川村3.48%;體檢結(jié)果異常人數(shù)明顯下降,其中以宮勁肥大和細菌性陰道炎婦科疾病得病人數(shù)下降較為明顯,分別下降了14.00%和5.50%。項目對比研究,兩項目村之間對比,對常見婦科疾病的了解程度、自我體檢頻率、就醫(yī)態(tài)度以及衛(wèi)生行為指標P值均大于0.05,兩項目村健康促進效果差別不大;項目村與對照村之間對比,在對常見婦科疾病的了解程度、自我體檢頻率、就醫(yī)態(tài)度以及衛(wèi)生行為幾個指標的P值均小于0.05,項目村與對照村存在顯著差異,通過健康促進活動,項目村留守婦女健康觀念和意識有了較大的提高,健康促進取得一定的成效。影響因素分析方面,logistic回歸分析結(jié)果顯示,對疾病的了解程度相關(guān)性最高為15.752,是影響婦女健康的最主要因素,其次是文化程度為11.686,排在第三位的是衛(wèi)生行為11.492;多元線性回歸分析結(jié)果顯示健康教育培訓(xùn)、健康知識宣傳以及衛(wèi)生工作者培訓(xùn)對健康促進有顯著的正向影響。4.滿意度方面:因子分析發(fā)現(xiàn),婦女滿意度綜合得分為4.314,說明婦女對項目滿意度較高,其中,健康促進因子得分最高為4.411分,說明婦女對健康知識培訓(xùn)和健康知識宣傳的滿意度處于較高水平;項目其他活動因子得分最低為3.988分,與項目其他活動開展的針對性不強有關(guān),有針對性的開展其他活動,適當調(diào)整開展方式,有助于提高婦女滿意度。建議:1.加大對婦女健康資金投入力度;2.繼續(xù)加強對婦女的健康知識培訓(xùn)與宣傳;3.建立婦女健康保健長效機制,增加定期、不定期體檢,增加免費健康普查次數(shù);4.繼續(xù)推進衛(wèi)生工作者培訓(xùn),優(yōu)化培訓(xùn)模式。
[Abstract]:Background: in the countryside, especially in the outlying and poverty-stricken ethnic minority areas, rural women development in terms of health at the level of.2014 is relatively low, the Amity Foundation, the United States ERD in the rural areas of Ningxia and Wuzhong aid the implementation of Ningxia women left behind in rural development projects, through the health education and health promotion of women left behind improve, left behind women's health. The comprehensive evaluation result implementation based on the project conditions - process, analysis of the effect of health promotion, to promote the healthy development of the women left behind, so as to promote the sustainable development of minority rural areas is of great significance. Objective: according to the conditions of process outcome evaluation the establishment of index system principle, the implementation effect of the project objective evaluation of the project effectiveness analysis, found the problems and shortcomings, for the item Objective to further implement the promotion provides policy recommendations, left behind women's development to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the rural areas of Ningxia. Methods: by questionnaire survey and interview to obtain the relevant information; the use of Delphy Fa to establish the evaluation index system; the comparison process using descriptive analysis and chi square test were analyzed by logistic regression analysis; health influencing factors multivariate linear regression analysis, analysis of factors influencing the effect of health intervention project; using the method of factor analysis of women's satisfaction evaluation. Results: 1. through the Delphi method to establish the evaluation index system, including 3 first level indicators, 9 level two indexes, 27 level three indexes of.2. implementation process: the baseline survey results, women mainly concentrated in the 26-35 and 36-45 year old age of two, junior high school education accounted for 65.34% of the total number; 67.78% women of common gynecological diseases only know Point; development needs of women in maternal and child health care, elderly care and prevention and treatment of common gynecological diseases. The project funds, the total funds of 1088856.56 yuan of funds in place, the total rate was 101.87%, no illegal use of project funds. To carry out the project activities during the project carried out a total three women's health examination, examination number 200 people; health workers training 6 times, training a total of 52 people; health knowledge training 18 times, training a total of 1058 people; health education 15 times, the number of publicity and implementation effect of 8586.3. projects: health workers training awareness rate was 85.46%; the awareness rate was increased by 25.66% in Jinchuan village health knowledge, improve the village landscape 28.14% the overall rate of 3.48%, higher than the Jinchuan village known landscape village health knowledge; abnormal physical examination results significantly decreased the number, with strong palace hypertrophy and bacterial vaginitis gynecological disease the number of sick declined more Obviously, decreased by 14% and comparative study of 5.50%. project, the contrast between the two project villages, understanding of common gynecological diseases, self check frequency, medical and health behavior attitude index P values are greater than 0.05, the effect difference of village health promotion project two project; villages and control villages in the comparison between the level of understanding of the common gynecological diseases, self check frequency, medical treatment and health behavior attitude index P values were less than 0.05, the project villages and control villages have significant differences, through health promotion activities, the project left behind women's health consciousness has been greatly improved, health promotion has made some achievements. The influencing factors logistic regression analysis. The analysis results show that the correlation between the degree of understanding of disease is up to 15.752, is the main factor affecting the health of women, followed by the culture degree is 11.686, ranked third in the Health is 11.492; multiple linear regression analysis showed that the health education and training, health knowledge propaganda and health worker training for health promotion has a positive effect of.4. satisfaction significant aspects: factor analysis found that the comprehensive score of women's satisfaction was 4.314, that of women of high satisfaction and health promotion factor among them, the highest score of 4.411 points, that women's satisfaction on health knowledge training and health knowledge propaganda at a high level; other project activity factor score is 3.988 points, and carry out other activities related to the project the needle is not strong, targeted to carry out other activities, carry out appropriate adjustments, help to improve women's satisfaction. Suggestions: 1. to increase women's health investment; 2. to strengthen the health knowledge training and advocacy for women; women's health care 3. to establish long-term mechanism, increase Period, non periodic physical examination, increase the number of free health census; 4. continue to promote the training of health workers and optimize the training model.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C913.68

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