發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-08 10:10

  本文選題：精神障礙患者照顧者　切入點(diǎn)：照顧壓力　出處：《南京理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)各類精神障礙患者人數(shù)不斷增加,由于專業(yè)照顧資源的短缺,家庭照顧依舊是我國(guó)當(dāng)前精神障礙患者照顧的主體,家庭照顧者不僅解決了絕大多數(shù)精神障礙患者的照顧問(wèn)題,而且也減少了醫(yī)療資源的損耗和護(hù)理機(jī)構(gòu)的費(fèi)用。但是照顧者在承擔(dān)長(zhǎng)期照顧工作的同時(shí)還面臨著生活、工作、學(xué)習(xí)、社交等方面的壓力,身心健康面臨嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。本文選取精神障礙患者照顧者作為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法和半結(jié)構(gòu)式訪談法了解他們的日常照顧內(nèi)容及壓力狀況。調(diào)研結(jié)果顯示,精神障礙患者照顧者的照顧壓力主要分為有形壓力和無(wú)形壓力。其中有形壓力為:經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力帶來(lái)的生活拮據(jù),照顧患者引起的身心疲憊;無(wú)形壓力為:與社區(qū)、鄰居、警察產(chǎn)生的沖突;家庭成員之間關(guān)系的摩擦,復(fù)雜的醫(yī)患關(guān)系,來(lái)自社會(huì)的歧視、污名及邊緣化等。根據(jù)訪談結(jié)果,運(yùn)用社會(huì)學(xué)相關(guān)理論就壓力來(lái)源進(jìn)行深層次分析,認(rèn)為主要原因?yàn)?福利政策的缺失;污名帶來(lái)的自我否定;社會(huì)支持網(wǎng)絡(luò)的破裂。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本研究結(jié)合社會(huì)工作的實(shí)務(wù)特性,加以個(gè)案介入,針對(duì)個(gè)案的實(shí)際情況,為其重建社會(huì)支持網(wǎng)絡(luò),以達(dá)到緩解照顧壓力的目的。最后在壓力應(yīng)對(duì)策略上,結(jié)合訪談內(nèi)容和個(gè)案介入效果,從三方面入手緩解照顧者照顧壓力。一、完善精神障礙患者照顧者的福利政策:提供喘息服務(wù);認(rèn)可照顧者社會(huì)貢獻(xiàn)并提供勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬;進(jìn)行專業(yè)個(gè)案輔導(dǎo);完善醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)政策等方面來(lái)減輕照顧者身心壓力。二、幫助精神障礙患者及其照顧者去污名化:精神障礙患者及其照顧者自身要正視精神疾病,不可自我否定;社區(qū)加大宣傳教育,承擔(dān)去污名化責(zé)任;媒體注重輿論導(dǎo)向,引導(dǎo)社會(huì)公眾對(duì)該群體的關(guān)注。三、重建社會(huì)支持網(wǎng)絡(luò):醫(yī)院及醫(yī)護(hù)人員的專業(yè)支持;家庭的經(jīng)濟(jì)、情感支持;政府、社區(qū)的政策、生活支持;社會(huì)組織的紐帶作用。
[Abstract]:The number of patients with mental disorders in China is increasing. Due to the shortage of professional care resources, family care is still the main body of care for patients with mental disorders. Family caregivers not only solve the care problems of the vast majority of people with mental disorders, but also reduce the depletion of medical resources and the cost of nursing institutions. But carers face life and work while undertaking long-term care work. Study, social pressure, physical and mental health and physical and mental health is facing severe challenges. This paper selected patients with mental disorders caregivers as the study object, Through questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview to understand their daily care content and stress status. The results show that, The care stress of the caregivers of mental disorders is mainly divided into tangible pressure and invisible pressure, among which the visible pressure is: the financial pressure brings about the financial stress, the physical and mental fatigue caused by the care of the patient, the invisible pressure is: with the community, the neighbor, Conflicts generated by the police, friction between family members, complex doctor-patient relationships, discrimination from society, stigma and marginalization. Based on the results of interviews, a deep analysis of the sources of stress is carried out using sociological theories. The main reasons are: lack of welfare policy, self-negation caused by stigma, breakdown of social support network. In order to rebuild the social support network to relieve the stress of caregiving. Finally, in the stress coping strategy, combining the interview content and the effect of individual intervention, we can relieve the carer care pressure from three aspects. Perfect welfare policy for caregivers of mental disorders: provide respite services; recognize carers' social contributions and provide remuneration for work; conduct professional case counselling; improve medical insurance policies to relieve carers' physical and mental pressure. To help people with mental disorders and their caregivers decontaminate: people with mental disorders and their caregivers should face up to mental illness and cannot deny themselves; communities should increase publicity and education and assume responsibility for decontamination; the media pay attention to the guidance of public opinion. Third, rebuild the social support network: professional support for hospitals and medical staff; economic and emotional support for families; government, community policies, life support; the role of social organization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R197.1;C913.1

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 徐江玲;鄒海歐;索志敏;蘇s，

本文編號(hào)：1583454