本文關(guān)鍵詞： 日本女性 社會(huì)性別差異 變化 男女平等 社會(huì)地位　出處：《東華大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本論文從社會(huì)性別差異的角度出發(fā),考察日本女性地位的變化。戰(zhàn)前,女性的地位還比較低,戰(zhàn)后,受歐洲各國(guó)以及美國(guó)的先進(jìn)思想的影響,日本吸收男女平等的思想,制定了教育基本法、男女就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)均等法等保護(hù)女性權(quán)利的法律。男女平等思想開(kāi)始滲透進(jìn)日本社會(huì)。隨著女性地位的提高,國(guó)民的意識(shí)開(kāi)始發(fā)生變化。 關(guān)于日本女性地位的變化,首先論述了女性教育的發(fā)展。直到戰(zhàn)前,“男主外、女主內(nèi)”被視為社會(huì)的慣例。男性在社會(huì)上工作獲取相應(yīng)報(bào)酬。女性接受的大多是在家庭中女性的工作的內(nèi)容的教育。女性基本上忙于做家務(wù)與撫育幼兒,外出工作的女性占少數(shù)。戰(zhàn)后,日本制定了教育基本法,規(guī)定男女可以共學(xué)。 然后論述了日本女性進(jìn)入社會(huì)工作。女性得以與男性接受一樣的教育,像男性一樣進(jìn)入社會(huì)工作。1950年后半期到70年代后半期,在這期間,女性進(jìn)入社會(huì)工作的人數(shù)有所增加,但是在這期間,女性更多的是家庭主婦。直到80年代以后,隨著男女雇傭機(jī)會(huì)均等法的頒布,女性獲得了進(jìn)入社會(huì),與男性同酬工作的法律保障。更多的女性實(shí)現(xiàn)了自我價(jià)值,獲得了經(jīng)濟(jì)的獨(dú)立。 接下來(lái)對(duì)女性獲得參政權(quán)進(jìn)行論述。戰(zhàn)前的女性沒(méi)有參政權(quán)。1945年,日本發(fā)布了眾議院議員選舉法的改正,女性獲得了選舉權(quán),女性議員開(kāi)始增加。戰(zhàn)后,日本頒布了教育基本法、男女就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)均等法等法律保護(hù)女性權(quán)力。男性絕對(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的立場(chǎng)發(fā)生變化,男女平等思想開(kāi)始滲透入日本社會(huì)。 接下來(lái)闡述的是日本婚姻狀況的變化。通過(guò)對(duì)比戰(zhàn)前戰(zhàn)后婚姻的狀況,闡述當(dāng)代日本女性比在戰(zhàn)前在婚姻上受到了更多的法律保護(hù),女性得以自主地選擇結(jié)婚對(duì)象。女性無(wú)論在經(jīng)濟(jì)上,還是在精神上都比戰(zhàn)前得到了更多的自由。 論文的最后論述了日本女性的地位的現(xiàn)狀,日本作為先進(jìn)國(guó)家,女性社會(huì)地位雖然自身在提高,而相對(duì)歐美其他先進(jìn)國(guó)家還是比較低,探討了提高日本女性地位的方法。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of gender differences, this paper examines the changes in the status of women in Japan. Before the war, the status of women was still relatively low. After the war, under the influence of advanced ideas from European countries and the United States, Japan absorbed the idea of equality between men and women. The basic law of education and the law on equal employment opportunities for men and women have been enacted to protect the rights of women. The thought of equality between men and women began to permeate Japanese society. With the advancement of women, the national consciousness began to change. With regard to the change in the status of women in Japan, the development of female education was first discussed. Women in charge "are regarded as social conventions. Men are paid for their work in society. Women are mostly educated about the content of women's work in the family. Women are basically busy doing housework and raising young children." After the war, Japan enacted a basic law on education, stipulating that men and women can study together. Then it discusses that Japanese women enter into social work. Women can receive the same education as men and enter social work as men. In the second half of 1950 to the second half of 70s, the number of women entering social work has increased. But during this period, women were more likely to be housewives. Until 80s, with the enactment of the Equal opportunities for Employment Act for Women and Men, women were given legal protection to work on equal pay with men. More women realized their self-worth. Gained economic independence. Then there was a discussion on women's participation in power. Women did not participate in power before the war. On 1945, Japan issued a revision of the election law for members of the House of Representatives. Women gained the right to vote, and women members of parliament began to increase. After the war, Japan promulgated the basic Law on Education and the Law on Equal Employment opportunities for Men and Women to protect the rights of women. The position of absolute leadership of men and women has changed and the idea of equality between men and women has begun to permeate Japanese society. Next, the changes in the marital status of Japan. By comparing the status of marriage before and after the war, it is expounded that women in contemporary Japan are more protected by law than in marriage before the war. Women are able to choose their own marriage partners. They have more economic and spiritual freedom than they did before the war. In the end, the paper discusses the status of Japanese women, Japan as an advanced country, although the status of women in society itself is improving, compared with other advanced countries in Europe and the United States is relatively low, discussed the ways to improve the status of Japanese women.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：C913.68

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本文編號(hào)：1529007