本文關(guān)鍵詞： 戶外運(yùn)動(dòng) 動(dòng)機(jī) 氛圍 堅(jiān)持性　出處：《上海體育學(xué)院》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著大眾健身在我國的蓬勃發(fā)展,戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)作為一種新興的健身形式,正逐漸為大眾所熟知和認(rèn)可。并且,戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)一方面具備常規(guī)體育活動(dòng)所能帶給人們強(qiáng)身健體,愉悅身心的作用,另一方面其獨(dú)特的親自然性、探險(xiǎn)性和新興性等特點(diǎn)又可以滿足參與者不同的心理需求。近30年來,國外心理學(xué)家對(duì)參與戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)動(dòng)機(jī)等方面做了大量研究,結(jié)論并不一致。在國內(nèi),戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)開展的較晚,其開展形式和程度與歐美國家均有所不同。因此,對(duì)參與戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)的心理動(dòng)因,環(huán)境特點(diǎn)和行為特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行本土化研究是極其必要的。 本研究選取了654名中小學(xué)生作為調(diào)查對(duì)象,其年齡范圍在11-18歲,使用自編的戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)參與動(dòng)機(jī)量表,參與氛圍量表和堅(jiān)持性量表對(duì)其進(jìn)行測查。研究綜合考慮不同性別、年齡組和家庭所在地的人口學(xué)因素,采用探索性因素分析、驗(yàn)證性因素分析、T檢驗(yàn)、方差分析、相關(guān)分析、回歸分析和結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型路徑分析等統(tǒng)計(jì)方法,得出以下結(jié)論: 第一,經(jīng)過探索性因素分析和驗(yàn)證性因素分析,本研究確定了包含16個(gè)題項(xiàng)的戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)參與動(dòng)機(jī)量表、17個(gè)題項(xiàng)的戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)參與氛圍量表和6個(gè)題項(xiàng)的戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)堅(jiān)持性量表。并且這三個(gè)量表的信效度均到達(dá)測量學(xué)要求 第二,參與動(dòng)機(jī)方面,男生在動(dòng)機(jī)的各維度上均高于女生;小學(xué)生的動(dòng)機(jī)強(qiáng)于中學(xué)生;城郊學(xué)生強(qiáng)于農(nóng)村學(xué)生。 第三,參與氛圍方面,調(diào)查顯示,男生較女生感受到更多阻礙其參加戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)的因素;小學(xué)生獲得的支持和指導(dǎo)更多,城市學(xué)生感受到的支持更多。 第四,堅(jiān)持性方面,男生的堅(jiān)持性顯著強(qiáng)于女性,小學(xué)生顯著強(qiáng)于中學(xué)生,城郊學(xué)生強(qiáng)于農(nóng)村學(xué)生。 第五,對(duì)于青少年參與戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)動(dòng)機(jī)、氛圍和堅(jiān)持性關(guān)系的路徑分析顯示,參與動(dòng)機(jī)和氛圍均對(duì)堅(jiān)持性有直接決定作用,相比之下,參與動(dòng)機(jī)的作用更大。另外,通過參與氛圍可以對(duì)參與動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行預(yù)測。 本研究成果可為提高促進(jìn)我國青少年戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)展與推動(dòng)提供理論與評(píng)價(jià)方法指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of mass fitness in China, outdoor sports, as a new form of fitness, are gradually known and recognized by the public. The role of pleasure in mind and body, on the other hand, its unique characteristics of being natural, adventurous and emerging, can also meet the different psychological needs of participants. In the past 30 years, psychologists abroad have done a great deal of research on the motivation of participating in outdoor sports. The results are not consistent. In China, outdoor sports are developed late, and their forms and degrees are different from those in Europe and the United States. Therefore, the psychological motivation to participate in outdoor sports is different from that in Europe and the United States. It is necessary to study the characteristics of environment and behavior. In this study, 654 primary and middle school students were selected as the subjects, whose age ranges from 11 to 18 years old. They were investigated by using the self-designed outdoor sports participation motivation scale, the participation atmosphere scale and the persistence scale. By using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, variance analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis and structural equation model path analysis, the following conclusions are drawn:. First, after exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, In this study, 16 items of outdoor sports participation motivation scale, 17 items of outdoor sports participation atmosphere scale and 6 items of outdoor sports persistence scale were determined. The reliability and validity of the three scales reached the requirements of measurement. Second, in terms of participation motivation, boys are higher than girls in all dimensions of motivation; pupils' motivation is stronger than middle school students; suburban students are stronger than rural students. Third, participation atmosphere, the survey showed that boys than girls feel more obstacles to their participation in outdoor sports; pupils received more support and guidance, urban students feel more support. In 4th, the persistence of boys was significantly stronger than that of females, that of pupils was significantly stronger than that of middle school students, and that of suburban students was stronger than that of rural students. In 5th, the path analysis of participation motivation, atmosphere and persistent sexual relationship showed that participation motivation and atmosphere all had direct influence on persistence, compared with that, participation motivation played a more important role. The motivation of participation can be predicted by the atmosphere of participation. The results of this study can provide theoretical and evaluation guidance for promoting the development and promotion of juvenile outdoor sports in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：C913.5

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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1 曹翔;程龍;蔡曉龍;;北京化工大學(xué)定向越野隊(duì)隊(duì)員活動(dòng)參與堅(jiān)持性的研究[J];文體用品與科技;2013年18期

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本文編號(hào)：1501807