本文關(guān)鍵詞： 自費(fèi)留學(xué)生 回國(guó)就業(yè) 適應(yīng)　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：出國(guó)留學(xué)在我國(guó)具有源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)的歷史,其中,自費(fèi)留學(xué)以其強(qiáng)大的自發(fā)性、迅速發(fā)展的速度,逐漸增長(zhǎng)的比例而成為出國(guó)留學(xué)群體中的主要力量。洋務(wù)運(yùn)動(dòng)至今,自費(fèi)留學(xué)的現(xiàn)象和觀念已在中國(guó)植根并得到了深遠(yuǎn)的發(fā)展。自費(fèi)留學(xué)已經(jīng)完全取代了公費(fèi)留學(xué)的主體地位。但在這一過(guò)程中,相對(duì)龐大的自費(fèi)留學(xué)生群體在回國(guó)就業(yè)上如何適應(yīng)存在著一些問(wèn)題。如何對(duì)這個(gè)群體因而需要對(duì)自費(fèi)留學(xué)的現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行深入剖析和研究。首先,本文通過(guò)自費(fèi)留學(xué)在我國(guó)的發(fā)展歷史,追溯其歷史內(nèi)涵和社會(huì)根基。并對(duì)近現(xiàn)代以來(lái)自費(fèi)留學(xué)現(xiàn)象和特點(diǎn)的變化進(jìn)行介紹,也從整體的留學(xué)政策和留學(xué)情況的發(fā)展歷程看待了留學(xué)和回國(guó)就業(yè)的關(guān)系。同時(shí)以搜集的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)我國(guó)自費(fèi)留學(xué)生回國(guó)就業(yè)群體的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行了描述,簡(jiǎn)單闡釋了留學(xué)回國(guó)人員就業(yè)的幾個(gè)新現(xiàn)象和新趨勢(shì)。其次,本文以文獻(xiàn)法整理和提煉國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)學(xué)術(shù)研究,通過(guò)多視角對(duì)留學(xué)生回國(guó)就業(yè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行探討。國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)于留學(xué)生研究的側(cè)重點(diǎn)有所不同,國(guó)內(nèi)集中在留學(xué)政策、回國(guó)就業(yè)等方面,而國(guó)外則多對(duì)跨文化適應(yīng)和語(yǔ)言能力的影響進(jìn)行了研究。研究方法則運(yùn)用了混合法,結(jié)合了定量研究方法和定性研究方法。接下來(lái)是文章的主題,涉及三塊主要內(nèi)容:回國(guó)就業(yè)的原因、留學(xué)生回國(guó)就業(yè)與就業(yè)市場(chǎng)的錯(cuò)位,最后本文從國(guó)家、個(gè)人、社會(huì)等方面提出了可行性對(duì)策。在第一版塊,本文對(duì)自費(fèi)留學(xué)生回國(guó)就業(yè)的原因進(jìn)行了研究。運(yùn)用半結(jié)構(gòu)式訪談法對(duì)十二名來(lái)自不同省份、不同學(xué)科背景的留學(xué)生進(jìn)行了深度訪談。訪談對(duì)象年齡段集中在19-28歲之間,訪談內(nèi)容涉及到留學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)、生活、文化適應(yīng)、情感體驗(yàn)等方面,深度挖掘了留學(xué)生為什么作出回國(guó)就業(yè)的選擇。其次,文章結(jié)合留學(xué)生回國(guó)就業(yè)的原因,對(duì)留學(xué)生求職意愿、能力等與國(guó)內(nèi)人才市場(chǎng)發(fā)生錯(cuò)位來(lái)深入討論了為什么海歸人員會(huì)出現(xiàn)就業(yè)不成功的現(xiàn)象,最后一個(gè)版塊中,筆者由以上探討的問(wèn)題、現(xiàn)象和原因出發(fā),力求從多角度提出對(duì)策,全面發(fā)揮國(guó)家宏觀調(diào)控作用和政策引導(dǎo)作用,以實(shí)現(xiàn)海歸留學(xué)生成功就業(yè),同時(shí)也為用人單位提出了建議,形成雙贏的就業(yè)局面。最后是文章的結(jié)語(yǔ)部分,對(duì)文章的創(chuàng)新之處做了討論,同時(shí)也指出了本文的不足之處,以期拋磚引玉,能為相關(guān)研究有所啟發(fā)。
[Abstract]:There is a long history of studying abroad in China. Among them, self-funded study abroad, with its strong spontaneity, rapid development and increasing proportion, has become the main force in the group studying abroad. The phenomenon and concept of studying abroad at one's own expense has been rooted in China and has made a profound development. Self-funded study abroad has completely replaced the main position of studying abroad at public expense. But in this process, There are some problems in how the relatively large group of self-funded international students adapt to their employment. How to analyze and study the phenomenon of self-funded study abroad is necessary. First, Through the history of self-funded study abroad in China, this paper traces its historical connotation and social foundation, and introduces the changes of the phenomenon and characteristics of self-funded study abroad since modern times. It also looks at the relationship between studying abroad and returning employment from the overall policy of studying abroad and the development of the situation of studying abroad. At the same time, with the data collected, the paper describes the present situation and development trend of the group of self-funded overseas students returning to work in our country. This paper briefly explains several new phenomena and new trends of employment of returned overseas students. Secondly, this paper collates and refines the relevant academic research at home and abroad by the method of literature. This paper probes into the employment problem of returned students from different perspectives. The emphasis of the study on overseas students is different at home and abroad, and the domestic focus is on the study abroad policy, the employment of returning students, and so on. However, the influence of foreign countries on cross-cultural adaptation and language competence has been studied. The research methods have been mixed, combined with quantitative and qualitative research methods. Three main contents are involved: the reasons for returning to China for employment, the dislocation between the employment of returned students and the employment market. Finally, this paper puts forward feasible countermeasures from the aspects of the country, the individual, the society, etc. In the first section, This paper studies the reasons why self-funded international students return to China for employment. 12 foreign students from different provinces and different academic backgrounds are interviewed in depth by using semi-structured interview method. The subjects are mainly between 19 and 28 years old. The contents of the interview relate to the study, life, cultural adaptation and emotional experience of the foreign students. It deeply excavates the reasons why the foreign students choose to return to China for employment. Secondly, the article combines the reasons of returning students for employment. This paper discusses in depth the reasons why overseas returnees do not succeed in obtaining employment. In the last section, the author starts from the problems, phenomena and reasons discussed above. We strive to put forward countermeasures from various angles, give full play to the role of national macro-control and policy guidance, in order to achieve successful employment of returned overseas students, and at the same time put forward suggestions for employing units. The last part is the conclusion of the article, which discusses the innovation of the article, and also points out the shortcomings of this paper, in order to inspire the relevant research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F249.2;G648.9;C912.6

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