本文關(guān)鍵詞： 社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型 社會(huì)焦慮 現(xiàn)代性 不確定性 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期,因不確定性因素及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性的增加,人們能夠感受到自身對(duì)這個(gè)變化巨大的社會(huì)極為不適應(yīng),感到了一種因?yàn)樯钪形粗蛩氐脑龆喽鸬睦Щ笈c不安,甚至是某種恐懼,普遍存在著焦慮心理。近些年,中國(guó)社會(huì)普遍存在著投資失敗、積蓄縮水及失業(yè)率攀升等負(fù)面現(xiàn)象,這些因素致使越來(lái)越多的人出現(xiàn)焦慮心理,有些人甚至陷入到了“生存恐慌”。老百姓因?yàn)榉績(jī)r(jià)太高,無(wú)法買得起房子而感到焦慮;大學(xué)畢業(yè)生擔(dān)心畢業(yè)后找不到工作而感到焦慮;公司白領(lǐng)由于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力過(guò)大而感到焦慮;就連那些擁有財(cái)富的企業(yè)主也會(huì)產(chǎn)生焦慮心理,因?yàn)檎叩淖兏S時(shí)都有可能使他們一夜之間傾家蕩產(chǎn)。目前,個(gè)體的焦慮心理出現(xiàn)普遍化、社會(huì)化趨勢(shì),已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期一個(gè)不可忽略的社會(huì)問(wèn)題,成為一種困擾著人們的普遍性問(wèn)題,亟需得到重視與緩解。 本研究以社會(huì)中多個(gè)年齡段的群體為調(diào)查對(duì)象,采用問(wèn)卷調(diào)查及深度訪談的方法,選取300名社會(huì)成員做樣本,了解他們?cè)谏鐣?huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期焦慮的主要表現(xiàn),分析焦慮產(chǎn)生的原因及影響,從而對(duì)克服的途徑進(jìn)行深入探討。調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示,人們?cè)谵D(zhuǎn)型期的焦慮內(nèi)容主要表現(xiàn)為生存與發(fā)展焦慮、公共問(wèn)題焦慮(公共衛(wèi)生安全焦慮、食品安全焦慮、人身安全焦慮)、婚姻焦慮、身份認(rèn)同焦慮及人際關(guān)系焦慮。這些焦慮的產(chǎn)生既有社會(huì)因素也有個(gè)體自身的因素,社會(huì)因素主要是社會(huì)環(huán)境急劇變化、社會(huì)發(fā)展不平衡、社會(huì)保障制度不健全、社會(huì)資本減少、社會(huì)價(jià)值觀多元化等,而個(gè)體自身因素則是因?yàn)閭€(gè)體心理承受能力太低、主觀幸福感的改變、自我認(rèn)同與評(píng)價(jià)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及精神信仰的缺失等因素所致。 社會(huì)焦慮的蔓延對(duì)中國(guó)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生了一系列影響。雖然它在某種意義上可以帶來(lái)一些正面效應(yīng),如焦慮心理能夠給人們帶來(lái)壓力,促使人們發(fā)揮主觀能動(dòng)性,提高自我能力,實(shí)現(xiàn)自我價(jià)值等。但它更主要的還是帶來(lái)了多方面的負(fù)面作用,諸如破壞社會(huì)穩(wěn)定、降低社會(huì)凝聚力及民族凝聚力、沖擊政治系統(tǒng)的合法性及有效性與影響個(gè)體的身心健康發(fā)展等。因此,通過(guò)探討社會(huì)焦慮的克服途徑,可以達(dá)到增強(qiáng)社會(huì)成員對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)型期的適應(yīng)能力,適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的變化及各種新生事物,減少民眾思想上的沖擊力,幫助他們提高自身素質(zhì),改善人和自然的關(guān)系,并改進(jìn)人際關(guān)系,使人們能夠更加和諧相處的目的。 總之,社會(huì)焦慮已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的鮮明特征,探討其克服途徑,利于幫助人類在改造世界的活動(dòng)中,實(shí)現(xiàn)人與自然和諧共存;重視社會(huì)焦慮還體現(xiàn)了以人為本,這不僅有利于個(gè)人的身心健康,還能緩和社會(huì)關(guān)系,便于社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的維持,和諧社會(huì)的構(gòu)建。
[Abstract]:In the period of social transformation, because of the increase of uncertainty and risk, people can feel that they are not adapted to the changing society. Feeling a kind of confusion and uneasiness caused by the increase of unknown factors in life, even some kind of fear, there is a general anxiety psychology. In recent years, the Chinese society has generally had the investment failure. Negative phenomena, such as shrinking savings and rising unemployment, have led to anxiety among more and more people, some of whom have even fallen into "survival panic". Anxiety about being unable to afford a house; College graduates are anxious about being unable to find a job after graduation; The company's white-collar workers feel anxious because of excessive competitive pressure; Even wealthy business owners are anxious because changes in policy can destroy them overnight. At the moment, individual anxiety is becoming pervasive and socialized. It has become a social problem which can not be ignored in the transition period of Chinese society, and it has become a kind of universal problem that puzzles people, which needs to be paid attention to and alleviated. In this study, 300 members of the society were selected as samples to find out the main manifestations of anxiety in the social transition period, using questionnaires and in-depth interviews to investigate the various age groups in the society. The causes and effects of anxiety are analyzed, and the ways to overcome it are discussed in depth. The results show that the anxiety content of people in the transition period is mainly expressed as survival and development anxiety. Public problem anxiety (Public Health Safety anxiety, Food Safety anxiety, personal Safety anxiety, Marriage anxiety). Identity anxiety and interpersonal anxiety. These anxiety have both social factors and individual factors, social factors are mainly the rapid changes of social environment, social development is not balanced. Social security system is not perfect, social capital is reduced, social values are diversified, and individual factors are due to the individual psychological capacity is too low, subjective well-being changes. The criteria of self-identification and evaluation and the lack of spiritual belief. The spread of social anxiety has a series of effects on Chinese society, although it can bring some positive effects in a certain sense, such as anxiety can bring pressure to people, urge people to play subjective initiative. But it brings many negative effects, such as destroying social stability, reducing social cohesion and national cohesion. Therefore, by exploring the ways to overcome social anxiety, we can enhance the ability of social members to adapt to the transition period. Adapt to the changes of modern society and all kinds of new things, reduce the impact of people's thoughts, help them improve their own quality, improve the relationship between man and nature, and improve the interpersonal relationship. The purpose of making people more harmonious. In a word, social anxiety has become a distinct feature of modern society. It is helpful to help human beings to coexist harmoniously with nature in the activities of transforming the world. Attention to social anxiety also embodies people-oriented, which is not only conducive to the physical and mental health of individuals, but also to ease social relations, easy to maintain social stability, the construction of a harmonious society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：C912.6

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