本文關(guān)鍵詞：北京市職住分離空間結(jié)構(gòu)及其變化模擬　出處：《首都師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 職住分離 空間結(jié)構(gòu) 通勤行為 多智能體模擬 北京

【摘要】：在中國(guó)城市增長(zhǎng)與空間重構(gòu)的過(guò)程中,居住地與就業(yè)地的空間關(guān)系由“職住合一”演變?yōu)椤奥氉》蛛x”,隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,居民在選擇居住與就業(yè)空間以及通勤方式上也日趨多樣化,職住分離程度加劇的同時(shí),產(chǎn)生了交通擁堵以及環(huán)境等一系列城市問(wèn)題,尤其是近年來(lái)越演越烈的PM2.5問(wèn)題,已經(jīng)引起人們的廣泛關(guān)注。 通勤作為職住分離的必然結(jié)果,是聯(lián)系城市空間組成的重要紐帶,是職住關(guān)系研究和城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)研究的重要內(nèi)容,從通勤行為角度探討職住分離空間結(jié)構(gòu)特征,并基于實(shí)驗(yàn)地理學(xué)的方法,從微觀個(gè)體角度模擬研究北京城市的職住分離空間結(jié)構(gòu)變化過(guò)程,無(wú)論是理論上還是實(shí)踐上都具有重要意義。論文以北京為例,基于通勤行為視角,研究了近五年來(lái)城市職住分離空間結(jié)構(gòu)的特征及變化,并基于智能體技術(shù)模擬了交通環(huán)境對(duì)城市職住關(guān)系的影響,得出以下結(jié)論： (1)北京城市居民職住空間結(jié)構(gòu)主因子及街道類型有一定變化。主因子變化較大,其中比較穩(wěn)定的有短距離非機(jī)動(dòng)車出行；街道類型變化不大,不同的街道類型是2005年中程小汽車為主的街道類型在2010年演變?yōu)殚L(zhǎng)距離小汽車為主的街道類型。 (2)北京城市居民的職住分離狀況呈加劇分離趨勢(shì)。從通勤時(shí)間角度來(lái)說(shuō),整體通勤時(shí)間變長(zhǎng),職住分離加劇；從職住分離空間結(jié)構(gòu)角度來(lái)說(shuō),短距離非機(jī)動(dòng)車出行的街道減少,中長(zhǎng)距離公共交通出行的街道數(shù)量增多；軌道交通及小汽車出行的比例增加,職住分離街區(qū)及職住過(guò)度分離街區(qū)數(shù)量呈增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)。 (3)職住分離空間結(jié)構(gòu)特征變化明顯。短距離非機(jī)動(dòng)車出行特征的職住接近街區(qū)的分布由東部集聚轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槌鞘形鞅辈考�；長(zhǎng)距離公共交通出行、小汽車出行及軌道交通出行特征為主的職住過(guò)度分離街區(qū)數(shù)量上呈增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì),空間分布上由“小集聚”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤胺稚⒓邸薄?(4)通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)收集結(jié)合研究結(jié)果,從宏觀和微觀個(gè)體角度簡(jiǎn)單分析了職住空間格局變化的影響因素。其中宏觀因素主要包括城市化因素、交通環(huán)境因素、土地價(jià)格因素；個(gè)人因素主要有年齡、學(xué)歷、家庭收入、家庭結(jié)構(gòu)三個(gè)方面。 (5)探索了多智能體建模在職住關(guān)系研究中的應(yīng)用,認(rèn)為多智能體模擬技術(shù)作為實(shí)驗(yàn)地理學(xué)方法中的新的方法,在過(guò)程模擬與機(jī)制探討方面極具優(yōu)勢(shì),非常適合職住關(guān)系研究。
[Abstract]:In the process of China city growth and space reconstruction, the spatial relationship of residence and employment by "post live one" evolved into "duty to live isolated, with the rapid development of economy China, residents living in the selection and employment space and commuting mode is also increasingly diversified, while increasing the degree of separation of living and working, have the city traffic congestion and a series of environmental problems, especially in recent years, more and more intense PM2.5 problem, has aroused extensive attention.
As a result of the commuter separation of living and working, which is an important link connecting the city space, is an important content of research on the relationship between job housing and city spatial structure research, explore the separation of living and working characteristics of the spatial structure from the perspective of commuting behavior, and based on the method of experimental geography, from the micro perspective of individual simulation of Beijing city live post separation the spatial structure change process, whether in theory or in practice are of great significance. Taking Beijing as an example, commuting behavior based on the perspective of research in the recent five years of living and working and variable separation of city spatial structure characteristic, and based on multi-agent technology to simulate the influence of traffic environment on the relationship between the position of city living, the the following conclusions:
(1) Beijing city residents living and working space structure factor and street types have some changes. The main factor which changes greatly, relatively stable in the short distance of non motorized travel; street types changed little, different street types is 2005 medium car based street types in 2010 evolved into a long distance car based street types.
(2) Beijing city residents living and working state of separation was aggravated separation trend. From the perspective of commuting time, overall commuting time becomes longer and the duty to live isolated from intensified; separation of living and working space structure perspective, the short distance of non motorized travel streets reduced, middle and long distance public transport travel increased number of street track; traffic and car travel increased the proportion of the duty to live isolated blocks and post live over separation block shows growth trend.
(3) separation of living and working characteristics of the spatial structure change obviously. The distribution of short distance travel characteristics of non motor vehicle service by the Eastern District lived close to the northwestern city agglomeration agglomeration change; long distance public transport, car and rail traffic characteristics based on the number of jobs housing over the separation block showed a rising trend, spatial distribution from "small concentration" to "disperse agglomeration".
(4) through the literature collection based on the research result, from macro and micro perspective of individual simply analyzes the influencing factors of job housing spatial pattern changes. The macro factors include city traffic factors, environmental factors, land price factors; personal factors include age, education, family income, family structure in three aspects.
(5) explore the application of multi-agent modeling in in-service relationship research. We think that multi-agent simulation technology is a new method in experimental geography method. It has great advantages in process simulation and mechanism exploration, and is very suitable for research on relationship between workers and employees.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：C912.81

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 江雯婧;原卉;;北京市女性居民通勤特征研究[J];中國(guó)城市經(jīng)濟(jì);2011年27期

2 孟曉晨;吳靜;沈凡卜;;職住平衡的研究回顧及觀點(diǎn)綜述[J];城市發(fā)展研究;2009年06期

3 鄭思齊;曹洋;;居住與就業(yè)空間關(guān)系的決定機(jī)理和影響因素——對(duì)北京市通勤時(shí)間和通勤流量的實(shí)證研究[J];城市發(fā)展研究;2009年06期

4 劉志林;張艷;柴彥威;;中國(guó)大城市職住分離現(xiàn)象及其特征——以北京市為例[J];城市發(fā)展研究;2009年09期

5 鄭思齊;龍奮杰;王軼軍;于璐;;就業(yè)與居住的空間匹配——基于城市經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)角度的思考[J];城市問(wèn)題;2007年06期

6 周一星,孟延春;中國(guó)大城市的郊區(qū)化趨勢(shì)[J];城市規(guī)劃匯刊;1998年03期

7 孫斌棟;李南菲;宋杰潔;吳曉松;;職住平衡對(duì)通勤交通的影響分析——對(duì)一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)城市規(guī)劃理念的實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)[J];城市規(guī)劃學(xué)刊;2010年06期

8 鄭思齊,符育明,劉洪玉;城市居民對(duì)居住區(qū)位的偏好:支付意愿梯度模型的估計(jì)[J];地理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2005年01期

9 鄭思齊;張文忠;;住房成本與通勤成本的空間互動(dòng)關(guān)系——來(lái)自北京市場(chǎng)的微觀證據(jù)及其宏觀含義[J];地理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2007年02期

10 趙暉;楊軍;劉常平;王珂;;職住分離的度量方法與空間組織特征——以北京市軌道交通對(duì)職住分離的影響為例[J];地理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2011年02期

，

本文編號(hào)：1425014