本文關(guān)鍵詞：主犯正犯化質(zhì)疑，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

主犯正犯化質(zhì)疑

[1]

《Cass Journal of Law》

中國(guó)人民大學(xué)刑事法律科學(xué)研究中心

文章摘要：刑法學(xué)界近來(lái)出現(xiàn)了將我國(guó)刑法中的“主犯”與德日刑法中的“正犯”等同化并用“正犯”概念代替“主犯”，即“主犯正犯化”的傾向。但在犯罪參與體系上，德日刑法采取的是區(qū)分正犯與共犯的區(qū)分制，而我國(guó)刑法采取的是將共同犯罪人分為主犯與從犯的單一制，這就決定了“主犯”與“正犯”概念有重要差異，不能用“正犯”代替“主犯”。主犯正犯化的思想根源是認(rèn)為單一制存在缺陷，有必要用區(qū)分制的觀念來(lái)解釋我國(guó)刑法的相關(guān)概念和規(guī)定。但這既違反了罪刑法定原則，又忽視了我國(guó)所采取的單一制的優(yōu)越性。主犯正犯化的隱患是從根本上否定有中國(guó)特色的犯罪參與體系，導(dǎo)致我國(guó)刑法失去公平合理處罰共同犯罪人的優(yōu)勢(shì)，，使簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)題復(fù)雜化。

Abstr：Nowadays, there is a tendency to treat the principal in Chinese criminal law as the perpe- trator in German and Japanese criminal laws. However, the two concepts above have significant differences between each other in the criminal participation systems. To be more precisely, the Ger- man and Japanese criminal laws have distinguished the perpetrator and accomplice by the differential system, while the Chinese criminal law has adopted the unitary system to distinguish the principal and accessory offenders. On one hand, the direct perpetrator who commits the constitutive elements of the crime personally and a certain part of those accomplice perpetrators who commit the crime together in German and Japanese criminal laws, will probably be treated as accessory or even coerced offenders in Chinese criminal law. On the other hand, the indirect perpetrator in German and Japanese laws, who commits the crime indirectly, will be treated as a single offender in China and there will be no space for the existence of principal offender. It is a confusion of the differential system and the unitary system to distinguish perpetrator, or- ganizer, abettor, and aider during the stage of conviction, but principal and accessory during the process of sentencing in China. Even though, adopting such a double differential system in China doesn ＇ t mean the concept of principal equals that of perpetrator. This tendency roots in the belief that it is necessary to use the differential system to illustrate relevant concepts and regulations in Chinese criminal law to make up the shortcomings the unitary system brings. However, this belief not only vio- lates the principal of legality, but also ignores the superiority of the u

文章關(guān)鍵詞：

Keyword：:criminal participation, principal, perpetrator

作者信息：會(huì)員可見(jiàn)

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：主犯正犯化質(zhì)疑，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。