【摘要】：在過(guò)去的幾十年,我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)面貌發(fā)生巨大改觀,農(nóng)民所承包的土地越來(lái)越多的被服務(wù)于工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)。各級(jí)政府陸續(xù)組織開(kāi)展了一系列征地活動(dòng),在獲取大量新增建設(shè)用地的同時(shí),征地工作所存在的一些問(wèn)題也暴露出來(lái),例如農(nóng)民土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)得不到保障,征地目的不清,征地程序不透明,失地農(nóng)民安置不當(dāng)?shù)葐?wèn)題。本論文以長(zhǎng)春高新北區(qū)農(nóng)地征收為例,對(duì)我國(guó)當(dāng)前農(nóng)地征收補(bǔ)償、土地財(cái)產(chǎn)部分收益的分配、征地農(nóng)民的可持續(xù)保障現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析及理論探討,共分為五大部分。第一部分,介紹研究背景和國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于土地征收機(jī)制的研究概況,闡述土地征收的含義特征及機(jī)制的內(nèi)涵,為長(zhǎng)春高新北區(qū)征地運(yùn)行機(jī)制的研究作鋪墊。第二部分,長(zhǎng)春高新北區(qū)征地運(yùn)行機(jī)制分析。本章列舉了長(zhǎng)春高新北區(qū)征地的詳細(xì)資料和征地程序,征地程序包括“兩公告一登記”,即征地土地公告和征地補(bǔ)償和安置方案公告,補(bǔ)償?shù)怯�。第三部�?本章探究了如何在征地過(guò)程中保障農(nóng)民的土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)。由于我國(guó)的農(nóng)村土地歸村集體所有,保證農(nóng)民在土地流轉(zhuǎn)、承包、征收過(guò)程中財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)利的法律尚不完善,所以被征地農(nóng)民的土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)尚不能得到很好保護(hù)。第四部分,本章探究了長(zhǎng)春高新北區(qū)被征地農(nóng)民失地后的社會(huì)保障研究。農(nóng)民失去土地后,失去了穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)濟(jì)收入來(lái)源,所以做好失地農(nóng)民的社會(huì)保障工作極為重要。本章探究了被征地農(nóng)民的養(yǎng)老保障體系、醫(yī)療保障體系、就業(yè)保障體系這三個(gè)方面。分別針對(duì)不同年齡階層的農(nóng)民進(jìn)行了不同的安置措施研究,力求失地農(nóng)民得到合理安置,不影響其正常生活。第五部分,長(zhǎng)春高新北區(qū)征地機(jī)制存在的問(wèn)題與完善措施。存在的問(wèn)題包括：征地方面法律不完善,土地征收程序不透明,征收目的不清晰,農(nóng)民土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)得不到保障,失地農(nóng)民社會(huì)保障缺失,缺乏有效救濟(jì)途徑,補(bǔ)償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不合理這七個(gè)問(wèn)題。解決措施的方案包括完善征地方面的法律,提高失地農(nóng)民的征地補(bǔ)償標(biāo)準(zhǔn),農(nóng)民土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)的落實(shí),從“兩方會(huì)談”變成“多方會(huì)談”,政府出具“土地發(fā)展規(guī)劃書(shū)”,為50歲以上農(nóng)民提供“大病保險(xiǎn)”,以及提前轉(zhuǎn)化,促進(jìn)就業(yè)等具體對(duì)策。
[Abstract]:In the past few decades, the economic outlook of our country has changed greatly, and more land contracted by farmers has been served for industrialization and urbanization. Governments at all levels have organized a series of land requisition activities one after another. While acquiring a large number of new construction sites, some problems in the land requisition work have also been exposed. For example, farmers' land property rights are not guaranteed and the purpose of land expropriation is unclear. The procedure of land expropriation is not transparent, and the peasants who have lost their land have been improperly placed. This paper takes the agricultural land expropriation of the north district of Changchun high-tech as an example to make empirical analysis and theoretical discussion on the current situation of farmland expropriation compensation, the distribution of partial income of land property and the sustainable security of land-expropriating farmers, which is divided into five parts. The first part introduces the research background and the general situation of the land expropriation mechanism at home and abroad, expounds the meaning characteristics of land expropriation and the connotation of the mechanism, paving the way for the study of the land expropriation operation mechanism in the North District of Changchun. The second part, the analysis of land requisition operation mechanism in Changchun high-new area. This chapter enumerates the detailed data and procedures of land expropriation in the north district of Changchun, which includes "two announcements and one registration", that is, the notice of land expropriation, the announcement of compensation and rehousing scheme, and the registration of compensation. In the third part, this chapter explores how to protect farmers' land property rights in the process of land expropriation. Because the rural land in our country is owned by the village collectives, and the law of property rights in the process of land circulation, contracting and expropriation is not perfect, the land property rights of the peasants who have been expropriated have not been well protected. In the fourth part, this chapter explores the social security research of land expropriated farmers in the north district of Changchun. Since farmers lost their land, they lost a stable source of economic income, so it is very important to do a good job of social security for landless farmers. This chapter explores the land-expropriated farmers pension security system, medical security system, employment security system these three aspects. Different resettlement measures were carried out for farmers of different ages to make every effort to get reasonable placement of landless farmers and not to affect their normal life. The fifth part, the problems and measures of land expropriation mechanism in Changchun high-new area. The existing problems include: land expropriation law is not perfect, land expropriation procedure is not transparent, the purpose of expropriation is not clear, farmers' land property rights can not be guaranteed, the lost land farmers' social security is missing, and there is no effective remedy way. There are seven problems with unreasonable compensation standards. The solution includes perfecting the law on land expropriation, raising the compensation standard for the expropriation of land-losing farmers, implementing the peasants' land property rights, and changing from "two-party talks" to "multi-party talks", and the government issuing a "land development plan document." To provide "serious illness insurance" for farmers over 50 years old, as well as to advance the transformation, promote employment and other specific countermeasures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F321.1

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