【摘要】：基本公共服務(wù)均等化是體現(xiàn)社會(huì)公平正義,維護(hù)人的最基本生存權(quán)和發(fā)展權(quán)的重要保障,提升基本公共服務(wù)均等化程度是我國(guó)堅(jiān)持以人為本、和諧發(fā)展的必然選擇。在新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)的背景下,國(guó)家制定出臺(tái)大量的宏觀(guān)政策,力求打破城市和農(nóng)村、發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)和欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)、同一地區(qū)不同群體之間的在公共服務(wù)供給方面存在的差異,逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化。但是,面對(duì)我國(guó)人口數(shù)量眾多,地區(qū)之間經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不平衡等現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題,必須全面掌握基礎(chǔ)情況,分析存在問(wèn)題,找出問(wèn)題根源,制定合理政策措施,因地制宜,扎實(shí)推進(jìn)。本文以盤(pán)錦市大洼縣田家鎮(zhèn)為切入點(diǎn),討論我國(guó)基層政府基本公共服務(wù)均等化問(wèn)題。筆者從四個(gè)方面進(jìn)行研究探討：首先,對(duì)研究問(wèn)題的背景進(jìn)行了介紹,并從理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)角度分析了本文的研究意義,系統(tǒng)梳理了國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于基本公共服務(wù)均等化的研究,為提出了本文的研究?jī)?nèi)容和研究方法奠定基礎(chǔ)。其次,全面介紹了田家鎮(zhèn)在義務(wù)教育、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生和社會(huì)保障三大基本公共服務(wù)領(lǐng)域所取得的成效和做法,然后選取“投入”、“產(chǎn)出”、“結(jié)果”三方面的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),通過(guò)與參照鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)大量數(shù)據(jù)的比較分析,得出了田家鎮(zhèn)在基本公共服務(wù)均等化方面,存在政策壁壘、經(jīng)費(fèi)投入不足、從業(yè)人員素質(zhì)較低等問(wèn)題,并分析存在問(wèn)題原因。再次,在分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外基層政府公共服務(wù)均等化經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,為提升田家鎮(zhèn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化程度設(shè)計(jì)一套方案,提出總體目標(biāo)、工作要求和主要任務(wù),并從理論依據(jù)、政策依據(jù)、社會(huì)基礎(chǔ)三個(gè)角度進(jìn)行可行性分析論證。最后,針對(duì)田家鎮(zhèn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化實(shí)踐中的問(wèn)題,在借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,從增加鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府公共服務(wù)資金投入力度,建立提升基本公共服務(wù)均等化的發(fā)展體系,提高鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府提供公共服務(wù)的水平,建立健全基本公共服務(wù)均等化的保障機(jī)制四方面提出對(duì)策建議。
[Abstract]:Equalization of basic public services is an important guarantee to embody social fairness and justice, to safeguard people's most basic rights of survival and development, and to promote the level of equalization of basic public services is an inevitable choice for our country to adhere to people-oriented and harmonious development. In the context of new urbanization construction, the state has formulated a large number of macro policies to break the differences in the supply of public services between urban and rural areas, developed and underdeveloped regions, and among different groups in the same region. We will gradually achieve equalization of basic public services. However, in the face of such practical problems as the large population and unbalanced economic development among regions, we must comprehensively grasp the basic situation, analyze the existing problems, find out the root causes of the problems, formulate reasonable policies and measures, and take measures according to the local conditions and promote them in a down-to-earth manner. This paper discusses the equalization of basic public services of basic government in our country with Tianjia Town, Dawa County, Panjin City as the starting point. First of all, the background of the research issues is introduced, and the significance of this paper is analyzed from the theoretical and practical perspectives, and the research on equalization of basic public services at home and abroad is systematically combed. It lays a foundation for the research contents and methods of this paper. Secondly, the paper introduces the achievements and practices of Tian Jia Town in the three basic public service fields of compulsory education, health care and social security, and then selects the evaluation indexes of "input", "output" and "result". By comparing and analyzing a large number of data from villages and towns, this paper draws a conclusion that there are some problems in the equalization of basic public services in Tianjia Town, such as policy barriers, insufficient investment of funds, low quality of employees, and so on, and analyzes the reasons for the problems. Thirdly, on the basis of analyzing the experience of equalization of public service at the grass-roots level at home and abroad, this paper designs a plan to improve the equalization degree of basic public service in Tianjia Town, puts forward the overall goal, work requirements and main tasks, and puts forward the theoretical basis. Policy basis, social basis of three angles for feasibility analysis and demonstration. Finally, aiming at the problems in the practice of equalization of basic public services in Tianjia Town, on the basis of drawing lessons from domestic and foreign experiences, the author establishes a development system to enhance the equalization of basic public services from increasing the investment of public service funds of township governments. Four countermeasures are put forward to improve the level of public service provided by township government and to establish and perfect the guarantee mechanism of equalization of basic public services.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D630

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