本文選題：農(nóng)村 + 空巢老人�。� 參考：《上海工程技術(shù)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家,20世紀(jì)70年代在全國范圍內(nèi)開始實(shí)施計(jì)劃生育政策,我國在經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力還未達(dá)到全民養(yǎng)老的能力條件下,提前進(jìn)入了老齡化社會(huì)。我國社會(huì)體制的城鄉(xiāng)二元制結(jié)構(gòu)特征使得農(nóng)村在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)保障等多方面均落后于城市。由于農(nóng)村人口數(shù)量多、老齡化程度高以及社保體制不健全,養(yǎng)老問題非常嚴(yán)峻。在我國城市化和工業(yè)化進(jìn)程愈演愈烈的今天,這一問題不僅關(guān)系到整體社會(huì)的公平和發(fā)展,也與實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會(huì)的總體目標(biāo)休戚相關(guān)。因此構(gòu)筑農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老服務(wù)社會(huì)支持體系有著深刻而緊迫的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。近年來,我國現(xiàn)代化和城市化進(jìn)程加快,大量農(nóng)村青壯年勞動(dòng)力進(jìn)入城市謀求發(fā)展。農(nóng)村主要贍養(yǎng)力量的流失直接導(dǎo)致了農(nóng)村“空巢老人”現(xiàn)象的出現(xiàn)�？粘怖先擞捎谄漯B(yǎng)老環(huán)境的特殊性,相比非空巢老人來說面臨的養(yǎng)老壓力更甚,而農(nóng)村空巢老人受地區(qū)綜合養(yǎng)老條件的限制,更是空巢老人群體中的特殊群體和弱勢群體。截止到2012年,我國農(nóng)村空巢老人數(shù)量已愈5000萬人,占農(nóng)村老年人口總數(shù)的36.8%。農(nóng)村空巢老人規(guī)模的逐年增加使得其養(yǎng)老問題愈發(fā)凸顯。在體制轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)期,農(nóng)村空巢老年人在日常生活中往往面臨著來自物質(zhì)供養(yǎng)、醫(yī)療支出以及精神扶養(yǎng)等各方面的壓力。而且農(nóng)村地區(qū)社保體制不健全,社會(huì)支持力度低,空巢老人很難依靠外界幫扶和救助來安度晚年,如若處理不當(dāng),這部分老人就會(huì)處于養(yǎng)老保障的真空狀態(tài),引發(fā)諸多問題。通過研究農(nóng)村空巢老人的生活條件和他們能夠獲得的正式和非正式的社會(huì)支持,探究支持主體的介入對(duì)農(nóng)村空巢老人養(yǎng)老的影響因素和程度,提出具有針對(duì)性的社會(huì)支持性措施,從而可以使得農(nóng)村空巢老人盡快擺脫養(yǎng)老困境,提高個(gè)人養(yǎng)老質(zhì)量,安度晚年。以社會(huì)支持為切入點(diǎn),論文研究了影響農(nóng)村空巢老人養(yǎng)老生活質(zhì)量的諸多因素,圍繞社會(huì)支持在農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保障中的角色定位以及如何構(gòu)建行之有效的農(nóng)村空巢老人養(yǎng)老社會(huì)支持體系展開深入研究。論文在剖析現(xiàn)階段我國農(nóng)村空巢老人群體產(chǎn)生原因的基礎(chǔ)之上,結(jié)合社會(huì)支持理論、代際倫理關(guān)系理論、公共服務(wù)均等化理論以及家庭生命周期理論等,運(yùn)用社會(huì)調(diào)查以及數(shù)理分析等定性和定量相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)調(diào)研地農(nóng)村空巢老人進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查和深度個(gè)案訪談,探尋可供其選擇和獲取的資源能否達(dá)到其生存和發(fā)展的目標(biāo)要求,以及各類社會(huì)支持形式在農(nóng)村空巢老人養(yǎng)老保障體系中的影響程度。最后,論文建構(gòu)了多元化的農(nóng)村空巢老人養(yǎng)老保障社會(huì)支持體系,并提出具有針對(duì)性的對(duì)策方案。
[Abstract]:China is the largest developing country in the world. In the 1970s, China began to implement the family planning policy in the whole country. Under the condition that the economic strength has not reached the ability of the whole people to provide for the aged, China has entered the aging society ahead of time. The urban-rural dualistic structure of our social system makes the rural areas lag behind the cities in many aspects such as economic development and social security. Due to the large number of rural population, the high level of aging and the imperfect social security system, the pension problem is very serious. Today, the process of urbanization and industrialization in China is becoming more and more intense. This problem is not only related to the equity and development of the whole society, but also closely related to the realization of the overall goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way. Therefore, the construction of rural pension service social support system has a profound and urgent practical significance. In recent years, China's modernization and urbanization accelerated, a large number of rural youth labor force into the city to seek development. The loss of main support forces in rural areas leads directly to the phenomenon of "empty nest elderly" in rural areas. Because of the particularity of pension environment, empty-nesters face more pressure than non-empty-nesters, but the rural empty-nesters are restricted by the regional comprehensive pension conditions, which is a special group and a vulnerable group in the empty-nest elderly group. By the end of 2012, the number of empty nesters in rural areas has increased to more than 50 million, accounting for 36.8% of the total rural elderly population. Rural empty nest elderly scale increases year by year make its endowment problem more prominent. In the period of system transformation, the rural empty-nest elderly often face pressure from material support, medical expenditure and mental support in their daily life. Moreover, the social security system in rural areas is not perfect and the social support is low. It is very difficult for the empty-nesters to rely on the outside help and assistance to spend their old age safely. If it is not handled properly, this part of the elderly will be in the vacuum state of old-age security, which will lead to many problems. By studying the living conditions of the rural empty-nesters and the formal and informal social support they can obtain, this paper explores the factors and extent of the influence of the intervention of the support subjects on the rural empty-nest elderly. The paper puts forward targeted social support measures so as to make the rural empty-nest elderly get rid of the dilemma of the aged as soon as possible and improve the quality of the individual pension and spend their old age safely. With social support as the starting point, the paper studies many factors that affect the quality of life of the rural empty-nest elderly. Focusing on the role of social support in rural old-age security and how to build an effective social support system for the elderly in rural empty nest in-depth research. Based on the analysis of the causes of the generation of empty nesters in rural areas at present, the paper combines the theory of social support, the theory of intergenerational ethical relations, the theory of equalization of public services and the theory of family life cycle, etc. Using the methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis such as social investigation and mathematical analysis, this paper makes a questionnaire survey and in-depth case interview on the rural empty-nest elderly. This paper explores whether the resources available for them to choose and obtain can meet the requirements of their survival and development and the influence of various forms of social support on the old-age security system for the rural empty-nest elderly. Finally, the paper constructs a diversified social support system of rural empty-nest old-age security, and puts forward targeted countermeasures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D669.6

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本文編號(hào)：2106243