本文選題：教育 + 社會分層　； 參考：《海南師范大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究基于社會分層的視域,從農(nóng)村學生自身所處的先賦性境遇出發(fā),分析了農(nóng)村學生上大學的目的何為,在通往目的的道路上同時存在著上升與排斥的不同境遇,在通過教育途徑實現(xiàn)社會分層流動的過程中,農(nóng)村學生不斷被排斥在階梯與圍墻之外,當下大學教育對農(nóng)村學生而言,教育的社會分層功能不斷弱化,農(nóng)村大學生獲得的教育正在“失靈”。全文共分為六章:第一章緒論部分主要介紹了論文選題的緣由、研究的理論與實踐意義、研究的方法及相關文獻綜述。第二章論述了農(nóng)村學生自身所處的先賦性境遇,在此基礎上分析了農(nóng)村學生上大學的目的。在政治身份乏力、經(jīng)濟資本貧困、文化屏障隔閡的“自然”條件下,使得“改變命運,向上流動”成為農(nóng)村學生上大學的中心目的,“修身養(yǎng)性,求真善美”成為依附于中心目的的附帶性目的。第三、四、五章分別從大學場域的入場、過程與出場三個有序的環(huán)節(jié)來論述農(nóng)村學生遭受的境遇,揭示了農(nóng)村學生在看似合理性中遭遇的隱性不平等。教育在顯性看似公平公正的背后,卻有著隱性的“教育異化”,教育看似公平公正,實則是開放中的壟斷,競爭中的排斥,教育實則已將弱勢群體,特別是農(nóng)村大學生漸趨邊緣化,這主要表現(xiàn)在:農(nóng)村學生獲取教育機會的有限性(農(nóng)村學生棄考棄學率不斷攀升,農(nóng)村學生獲取高等教育機會有限及教育城市中心取向與重點中學制度造成的教育機會的有限性);大學規(guī)訓與篩選中的區(qū)隔分化(教育階層再生產(chǎn)中的排斥、教育消費的分割及大學文化的區(qū)隔);農(nóng)村學生獲取職業(yè)高度時的風險(大學文憑貶值趨勢增強及農(nóng)村階層子女就業(yè)疲軟)教育在促進農(nóng)村學生向上流動的過程中力量式微,即教育社會分層流動功能弱化,大學讀書無用論在民間升溫,農(nóng)村學生及農(nóng)村社會對大學教育的心理關注與價值期待由尊重到淡化,由積極投資轉(zhuǎn)為消極防御。第六章論述了消解農(nóng)村學生困境的出路。在境遇下農(nóng)村學生實現(xiàn)命運之轉(zhuǎn)變,僅從自身完成徹底意義上的蛻變可能性甚微,一方面寄希望于政府、社會與大學的積極變革:“包括縮小貧富差距,完善農(nóng)村社會保障制度,強化教育公平,營造健康公平公正的社會選拔機制;提高大學質(zhì)量,助推農(nóng)村學生發(fā)展的“素質(zhì)”高度;降低農(nóng)村學生的教育成本,提高上大學的回報率;建立農(nóng)村學生的弱勢教育補償機制及加強就業(yè)幫扶等”,另一方面要取決于自身的積極抉擇:“剝離上大學價值的虛名,轉(zhuǎn)向職業(yè)技術教育”。
[Abstract]:Based on the perspective of social stratification, this paper analyzes the purpose of rural students' college education and the different situations of rising and repulsive on the road to purpose from the perspective of rural students themselves. In the course of realizing the social stratification flow through the way of education, rural students are constantly excluded from the steps and walls. For rural students, the function of social stratification of education is weakening. The education received by rural college students is "out of order". The thesis is divided into six chapters: the first chapter introduces the reason of the topic, the theoretical and practical significance of the research, the research methods and related literature review. The second chapter discusses the prevenient situation of rural students themselves, and then analyzes the purpose of rural students to go to college. Under the "natural" conditions of weak political status, poor economic capital and cultural barrier, "changing fate and flowing upward" has become the central goal of rural students to go to college. Seeking truth, goodness and beauty "becomes the incidental purpose attached to the central purpose." The third, fourth and fifth chapters discuss the situation of the rural students from the entrance, the process and the appearance of the university field, and reveal the implicit inequality encountered by the rural students in the seemingly rational. Education, which appears to be fair and just, has a recessive "educational alienation". Education, which seems fair and just, is in fact a monopoly in opening up, exclusion in competition, and education has actually reduced the vulnerable groups. In particular, rural college students tend to be marginalized, which is mainly reflected in the limited access to education opportunities for rural students. The limited access of rural students to higher education and the limitation of educational opportunities caused by the orientation of urban center of education and the system of key middle schools, the differentiation in university discipline and screening (exclusion in the reproduction of educational class), The segmentation of education consumption and the division of university culture; the risk of rural students acquiring high vocational level (the trend of university diploma depreciation and the weak employment of rural children) education has declined in the process of promoting the upward mobility of rural students. That is to say, the function of stratified flow of education society is weakened, the theory of futility of university studies heats up in the folk, the psychological concern and value expectation of rural students and rural society to university education changes from respect to desalination, and from positive investment to negative defense. The sixth chapter discusses the solution to the plight of rural students. In the circumstances, the transformation of the fate of rural students, only from their own complete sense of metamorphosis is very unlikely. On the one hand, the hope lies in the government, society and the positive changes in universities: "including narrowing the gap between rich and poor," Improve the rural social security system, strengthen the education fairness, build a healthy and fair social selection mechanism, improve the university quality, promote the development of rural students'"quality", reduce the cost of rural students' education, On the other hand, it depends on one's own positive choice: "stripping off the false name of university value and turning to vocational and technical education".
【學位授予單位】：海南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G649.2

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