本文選題：土地征用 + 失地農(nóng)民　； 參考：《西南大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著工業(yè)化和城市化的快速發(fā)展,重慶市作為直轄市,西部開發(fā)的龍頭城市,用地需求越來越大,土地征用日益頻繁、征用總量不斷增加,由此產(chǎn)生大量失地農(nóng)民,且其數(shù)量逐年加大,并由征地引發(fā)非常突出的社會矛盾,成為社會關(guān)注的熱點、焦點。由于失地農(nóng)民賠償費偏低、安置路徑不寬、再就業(yè)能力差,缺乏基本的社會保障等等問題得不到有效解決,失地農(nóng)民集體上訪,聚眾鬧事,打死打傷拆遷干部時有發(fā)生,極大地影響了干群關(guān)系、損害了政府形象和破壞了社會穩(wěn)定。因此,解決重慶失地農(nóng)民的社會保障已成為重慶市政府亟待解決的突出問題。 本文圍繞一系列重慶失地農(nóng)民社會保障的問題展開研究,描述了重慶當(dāng)前失地農(nóng)民的現(xiàn)狀,闡釋了失地農(nóng)民產(chǎn)生的原因,論述了建立失地農(nóng)民社會保障的必要性以及如何更好地保障重慶失地農(nóng)民的生存權(quán)和發(fā)展權(quán),從健全土地市場制度、征地制度到完善失地農(nóng)民社會保障制度等方面提出了相關(guān)政策建議和具體措施,為解決失地農(nóng)民社會保障問題、構(gòu)建完善的重慶失地農(nóng)民社會保障體系提供了一些思路和參考。 全文共分七章：首先,界定了失地農(nóng)民和社會保障的概念。從研究失地農(nóng)民的特點入手,認(rèn)識到在重慶現(xiàn)階段,征用農(nóng)民土地,產(chǎn)生失地農(nóng)民是消除二元經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu),推動現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展的必然現(xiàn)象。但是由于土地對農(nóng)民的重要性,土地是農(nóng)民最基本的生產(chǎn)資料和生活資料,是農(nóng)民的安生立命之本,只有認(rèn)真做好土地的征用補償工作,落實失地農(nóng)民的社會保障,才能使重慶在維持穩(wěn)定的前提下順利推進(jìn)整個城市的現(xiàn)代化。其次,對城市化進(jìn)程中失地農(nóng)民的現(xiàn)狀、社會保障存在的問題及其原因進(jìn)行分析,指出要讓失地農(nóng)民順利融入城市,成為真正的市民,必須要解決好農(nóng)民的社會保障問題,才能讓失地農(nóng)民沒有后顧之憂。要切實解決好重慶失地農(nóng)民的社會保障問題,必須就該問題的原因進(jìn)行分析,找出癥結(jié)所在。筆者的觀點是：二元經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)障礙和我國土地政策的缺陷是失地農(nóng)民權(quán)益受損的主要因素。在理論和實踐層面上提出解決的具體措施是：改革農(nóng)村土地制度；明晰產(chǎn)權(quán);界定公共利益；完善上地征用補償機制。最后,本文做出結(jié)論：大力發(fā)展經(jīng)濟,提高社會生產(chǎn)力水平,改革農(nóng)村的土地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度,賦予集體土地產(chǎn)權(quán)應(yīng)有的法律地位,以法律形式明確農(nóng)民對土地的權(quán)利,逐步做到有法可依,有章可循,減少土地征用的不確定性和隨意性,健全重慶失地農(nóng)民的社會保障體系,逐步達(dá)到城鄉(xiāng)社會保障制度一體化,完善多元化籌資方式,滿足不同層次失地農(nóng)民的保障需求,增強失地農(nóng)民再就業(yè)和創(chuàng)業(yè)能力,才能順利解決重慶失地農(nóng)民的問題。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, Chongqing as a municipality directly under the central government and the leading city developed in the west, the demand for land use is increasing, the land expropriation is increasingly frequent and the total amount of land expropriation is increasing, resulting in a large number of land lost farmers, and their number is increasing year by year, and the land expropriation causes very prominent social contradictions and becomes the heat of social concern. Because of the low compensation fee of the landless peasants, the poor resettlement path, the poor reemployment ability, the lack of basic social security, and so on, the farmers' collective visits to the landless farmers, the crowd and the death and injury of the demolition cadres have greatly affected the relationship between the cadres and the masses, damaged the image of the government and undermined social stability. Therefore, solving the social security of landless peasants in Chongqing has become a prominent problem urgently needed to be solved by the Chongqing municipal government.
This paper studies the social security of a series of land lost farmers in Chongqing, describes the current situation of the landless peasants in Chongqing, explains the causes of the land lost farmers, expounds the necessity of establishing the social security of the landless peasants, and how to better protect the right to survive and develop the landless peasants in Chongqing and improve the system of land market. Degree, land expropriation system to improve the social security system for landless farmers and other aspects of relevant policy proposals and specific measures, to solve the social security problems of landless farmers, to build a perfect social security system for Chongqing landless farmers and some ideas and references.
The full text is divided into seven chapters: first, the concept of land lost farmers and social security is defined. Starting with the study of the characteristics of the landless peasants, it is realized that in the present stage of Chongqing, the requisition of farmers' land and the production of land lost farmers are the inevitable phenomenon of eliminating two yuan economic structure and promoting the modernization development. The basic production and living materials are the foundation of the peasants' life. Only the compensation work of land expropriation and the social security of the landless peasants can be carried out, and the modernization of the whole city will be promoted smoothly under the premise of maintaining the stability of Chongqing. Secondly, the present situation of the landless peasants in the process of urbanization and the existence of social security exist. The problem and its reasons are analyzed. It is pointed out that the peasants who lose the land should be successfully integrated into the city and become a real citizen. It is necessary to solve the social security problems of the peasants so that the peasants who lost the land will have no worries behind them. To solve the problem of social security of the landless peasants in Chongqing, the reasons for the problem must be analyzed and the crux of the problem is found. The author's point of view is: the two yuan economic structure obstacle and the defect of China's land policy are the main factors of the loss of the rights and interests of the landless peasants. The concrete measures to solve in theory and practice are to reform the rural land system, clarify the property rights, define the public interest and improve the compensation mechanism for the land expropriation. Finally, the conclusion is made. We should vigorously develop the economy, improve the level of the social productivity, reform the land property right system in the rural areas, give the legal status of the collective land property right, clear the rights of the peasants to the land in the form of law, and step by step, reduce the uncertainty and randomness of the land expropriation, and improve the social security body of the land lost farmers in Chongqing. In order to solve the problem of land lost farmers in Chongqing, we can gradually achieve the integration of urban and rural social security system, perfect the diversified financing methods, meet the security needs of different landless farmers at different levels, and enhance the re employment and entrepreneurial ability of the landless peasants.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F323.89

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