本文選題：農(nóng)村　切入點：剩余勞動力　出處：《廣西大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：通過選取典型地區(qū)發(fā)放問卷,實地調(diào)研農(nóng)村剩余勞動力的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,了解外出就業(yè)影響因素,為今后促進農(nóng)村剩余勞動力有效轉(zhuǎn)移及產(chǎn)業(yè)升級提供充分的理論與實證依據(jù)。研究結果表明:1、廣西從業(yè)人員數(shù)量呈現(xiàn)“N”型波動趨勢,第一產(chǎn)業(yè)從業(yè)人員數(shù)量呈現(xiàn)“M”型波動下降的趨勢,廣西農(nóng)村剩余勞動力數(shù)量歷年變化規(guī)律呈現(xiàn)出“倒U”型的下降發(fā)展趨勢,在2010年達到最高點。2、2-5人的家庭規(guī)模成為農(nóng)村家庭規(guī)模主流人口規(guī)模結構;平均家庭青壯年、男性、外出務工人口占家庭人口平均比例分別達到了 66.6%、58.3%、43.2%;73.4%的農(nóng)村家庭承包土地面積在0.667公頃以下;將近50%的外出就業(yè)勞動力年齡在21-30歲,并且以未婚男性為主,少數(shù)民族的比例也達到了 25.71%;勞動力受教育年限分布趨于正態(tài)分布,勞動力文化水平不斷提高;80.8%的平均月收入水平都在2000-4000元之間,50%以上的勞動力外出務工年限在5年以內(nèi);就業(yè)地域仍然以省外為主,但省內(nèi)比例在逐步提高;第三產(chǎn)業(yè)成為主要從事行業(yè);在就業(yè)環(huán)境方面,有21.02%的農(nóng)民曾經(jīng)被拖欠過工資。3、家庭規(guī)模、外出務工人口占家庭人口比例、婚姻、文化水平對勞動力繼續(xù)外出就業(yè)意愿有正向影響,家庭承包土地面積、年齡、民族、工資被拖欠對外出就業(yè)意愿有負向影響;就業(yè)地域為省內(nèi)的勞動力更愿意繼續(xù)外出就業(yè)。收入水平已經(jīng)不成為農(nóng)村剩余勞動力外出就業(yè)的唯一關鍵影響因素,城市“拉力”、農(nóng)村“推力”動力減弱,勞動力到省外就業(yè)的意愿強度逐步下降。4、本文提出以下建議:加快推進勞動力供給側(cè)改革,挖掘二次人口紅利;完善社會保障體系,釋放勞動力“家庭與就業(yè)”壓力;推進農(nóng)業(yè)規(guī)模經(jīng)營與技術擴散,強化轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)“推力”;優(yōu)化農(nóng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)結構,構建綜合化轉(zhuǎn)移模式;著力精準扶貧,降低勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移制度性摩擦。
[Abstract]:Through selecting typical areas to issue questionnaires, the paper investigates the development status of rural surplus labor force on the spot, and finds out the influencing factors of the employment out of the country, and provides sufficient theoretical and empirical basis for promoting the effective transfer and industrial upgrading of rural surplus labor force in the future.The results show that the number of employees in Guangxi shows a trend of "N" fluctuation, while the number of employees in the primary industry shows a downward trend of "M" type fluctuations.The changes of rural surplus labor force in Guangxi over the years showed a downward trend of "inverted U" type. In 2010, the family size of 2.2-5 people became the mainstream population structure of rural household size, and the average family size was young and mature, male.The average proportion of migrant workers in the household population has reached 66.6% or 58.33.2% of the rural households' contracted land area is below 0.667 hectares, and nearly 50% of the migrant workers are aged 21-30 years, and most of them are unmarried men.The proportion of ethnic minorities has also reached 25.71%, the distribution of the number of years of education of the labor force tends to be normal, and the average monthly income level of 80.8% of the labor force is constantly increasing in the range of 2000-4000 yuan, and the average monthly income level of 80.8% of the labor force is in the range of 2000-4000 yuan.The employment area is still mainly outside the province, but the proportion in the province is gradually increasing; the tertiary industry has become the main profession; in terms of the employment environment, 21.02% of the peasants have been defaulted on wages. 3, the family size, and the proportion of migrant workers to the family population.Marriage and education level have a positive influence on the willingness of the labor force to continue to go out for employment. The land area, age, nationality and salary default of the family contract have a negative effect on the willingness to go out for employment.Employment area for the province's labor force is more willing to continue to go out for employment.The income level has not become the only key influencing factor for the rural surplus labor force to go out for employment. The urban "pull force" and the rural "thrust" force are weakened.The paper puts forward the following suggestions: speeding up the labor supply-side reform, excavating the secondary population dividend, perfecting the social security system, releasing the pressure of "family and employment" of labor force;We should promote agricultural scale management and technology diffusion, strengthen the "thrust" of transferring employment, optimize the rural industrial structure, construct a comprehensive transfer model, and focus on accurate poverty alleviation and reduce the institutional friction of labor force transfer.
【學位授予單位】：廣西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D422.6;F323.6

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本文編號：1720055