發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-09 00:04

  本文選題：精準(zhǔn)扶貧　切入點(diǎn)：農(nóng)村小額人身保險(xiǎn)　出處：《廣西大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在我國農(nóng)村,貧困農(nóng)戶多從事傳統(tǒng)種植業(yè)、養(yǎng)殖業(yè)等產(chǎn)業(yè),自營為主,收入來源單一,抗災(zāi)能力不強(qiáng),加之農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)本身生產(chǎn)周期長,易受外界各種因素影響,導(dǎo)致因?yàn)?zāi)返貧、因病致貧現(xiàn)象略為突出,造成農(nóng)戶普遍處于收入低、不穩(wěn)定的狀況中。有數(shù)據(jù)顯示,農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)收入以及轉(zhuǎn)移收入在農(nóng)村家庭中占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位:以廣西省為例,2016年農(nóng)村常住居民人均可支配收入首次突破萬元大關(guān),為10359元,其中,人均工資性收入2848元,而第二產(chǎn)業(yè)人均凈收入僅為119元。扶貧過程中,“大眾式普惠”政策不斷暴露其弊端,因而,現(xiàn)階段我國正逐漸向適度競爭式扶貧政策過渡,旨在讓扶貧的政策福利更精準(zhǔn)、更公平地惠及貧困戶,培養(yǎng)其主動(dòng)脫貧的內(nèi)生動(dòng)力。精準(zhǔn)扶貧關(guān)系社會(huì)民生,是我國扶貧開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略的前進(jìn)方向,即通過上門入戶進(jìn)行信息采集,深入了解每村每戶的貧困狀況,并以此為依據(jù)建檔立卡,識(shí)別貧困人口,挖掘致貧原因,按照每戶實(shí)際情況、制定有針對性的幫扶措施。以此為基礎(chǔ),在全國農(nóng)村范圍內(nèi)建立扶貧信息系統(tǒng),實(shí)行持續(xù)追蹤、動(dòng)態(tài)管理,完善扶貧資金管理制度,不斷優(yōu)化扶貧資源配置和提升政策實(shí)施質(zhì)量。在此國情背景下,向農(nóng)戶提供基于精準(zhǔn)扶貧的小額人身保險(xiǎn)對幫助其擴(kuò)大再生產(chǎn)具有重要意義。正如《農(nóng)村小額人身保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)方案》所強(qiáng)調(diào)的、積極發(fā)展小額人身保險(xiǎn),能夠有效服務(wù)“三農(nóng)”、擴(kuò)大對農(nóng)村地區(qū)低收入群體的保障保險(xiǎn)覆蓋面、滿足其抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)需求,因而對我國社會(huì)具有十分重要的意義。我國農(nóng)村小額人身保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展較晚,直至2008年中旬推出試點(diǎn)方案,才標(biāo)志著我國農(nóng)村小額人身保險(xiǎn)正式啟動(dòng)。隨著小額人身保險(xiǎn)在省、市、自治區(qū)農(nóng)村地區(qū)的不斷推行、實(shí)踐,對于農(nóng)村小額人身保險(xiǎn)的理論研究也在不斷深入。近幾年的試點(diǎn)反饋表明,現(xiàn)階段我國小額人身保險(xiǎn)在農(nóng)村地區(qū)的發(fā)展勢頭不強(qiáng),農(nóng)民因認(rèn)知有限等原因?qū)π☆~人身保險(xiǎn)的購買熱情不高,關(guān)于農(nóng)村小額人身保險(xiǎn)的監(jiān)管法規(guī)存在一定不足、實(shí)際發(fā)展遇到了一定的障礙,還需對其作進(jìn)一步的改善。因而,本文基于精準(zhǔn)扶貧視角,在分析農(nóng)村小額人身保險(xiǎn)的現(xiàn)狀及實(shí)踐困境的基礎(chǔ)上,借鑒并總結(jié)國外及我國各試點(diǎn)省市的開展經(jīng)驗(yàn)與啟示,進(jìn)行小額人身保險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù)在貧困農(nóng)戶中運(yùn)行的可持續(xù)性研究,試圖從這一險(xiǎn)種在農(nóng)村地區(qū)推行時(shí)的營銷力度、產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新速度、地區(qū)差別化繳費(fèi)、區(qū)域運(yùn)營模式和政府的政策支持等角度提出可行性發(fā)展對策,旨在逐步優(yōu)化我國農(nóng)村地區(qū)的社保體系,促使小額人身保險(xiǎn)在我國農(nóng)村市場上健康、持續(xù)地發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In China's rural areas, poor farmers are mostly engaged in traditional planting and breeding industries, mainly self-employed, with a single source of income and weak resilience to disasters. In addition, the agricultural industry itself has a long production cycle and is vulnerable to various external factors, resulting in a return to poverty due to disasters. The phenomenon of poverty caused by illness is slightly prominent, causing farmers to be generally in a situation of low income and instability. In 2016, the per capita disposable income of rural residents broke through the 10, 000 yuan mark for the first time, which was 10359 yuan, of which, the per capita wage income was 2, 848 yuan. However, the per capita net income of the secondary industry is only 119 yuan. In the process of poverty alleviation, the policy of "popular inclusive benefit" has continuously exposed its drawbacks. Therefore, at the present stage, China is gradually transitioning to a moderately competitive poverty alleviation policy aimed at making the policy welfare of poverty alleviation more accurate. More equitably benefiting poor households and cultivating their endogenous motive force to actively lift out poverty. Precision poverty alleviation is the direction of our country's poverty alleviation development strategy, which is to collect information from households, and to deeply understand the poverty situation of each village household. On the basis of this, we should set up a grade card, identify the poor population, dig out the causes of poverty, formulate targeted measures of assistance according to the actual situation of each household. On this basis, we will set up an information system for poverty alleviation in the rural areas of the country, and carry out continuous tracking. Dynamic management, improvement of the financial management system for poverty alleviation, continuous optimization of the allocation of poverty relief resources and improvement of the quality of policy implementation. The provision of micro-personal insurance based on precision poverty alleviation to farmers is of great significance in helping them expand reproduction. As emphasized in the pilot Program for Rural Microlife Insurance, we should actively develop micro-personal insurance. It can effectively serve the "three rural areas", expand the coverage of security insurance for low-income groups in rural areas, and meet its demand for resisting risks, so it is of great significance to our society. The development of small personal insurance in rural areas is relatively late. It was not until mid-2008 that the pilot program was launched, which marked the official start of small personal insurance in rural areas of our country. With the continuous implementation and practice of small personal insurance in rural areas of provinces, cities and autonomous regions, The theoretical research on small personal insurance in rural areas is also deepening. Feedback from the pilot projects in recent years shows that the development momentum of small personal insurance in rural areas is not strong at the present stage. Due to limited cognition and other reasons, farmers do not have a high enthusiasm for the purchase of micro-personal insurance. There are certain deficiencies in the regulation and regulations on rural micro-personal insurance, and the actual development has encountered certain obstacles, which need to be further improved. As a result, Based on the perspective of accurate poverty alleviation, this paper analyzes the current situation and practical difficulties of rural small personal insurance, and sums up the experience and enlightenment of the pilot provinces and cities abroad and in China. In order to study the sustainability of the small personal insurance business in the poor farmers, this paper tries to analyze the marketing strength, the speed of product innovation, and the differential payment of the insurance in rural areas. In order to optimize the social security system in rural areas of our country step by step and promote the healthy and sustainable development of small personal insurance in the rural market, this paper puts forward feasible development countermeasures from the angle of regional operation mode and government policy support.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F323.8;F842.6

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