本文選題：政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商　切入點(diǎn)：新加坡人民行動(dòng)黨　出處：《河北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：新加坡人民行動(dòng)黨自1959年起已執(zhí)政近60年,成為世界上多黨制國家中連續(xù)執(zhí)政時(shí)間最長、對社會控制力最強(qiáng)的政黨之一。在人民行動(dòng)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,新加坡從貧窮落后的國家發(fā)展成為發(fā)達(dá)國家之一,其中的一個(gè)重要原因就是人民行動(dòng)黨很好的處理了與社會的關(guān)系。這種關(guān)系表現(xiàn)為政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商的社會管理模式。政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商是指在政黨與社會的溝通過程中政黨處于優(yōu)勢地位的協(xié)商形式。這一模式的形成與人民行動(dòng)黨密不可分�！罢h優(yōu)位協(xié)商”與發(fā)展主義緊密結(jié)合,有效地推動(dòng)了新加坡的現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程。同時(shí)政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商利用合作主義,把政黨的意志上升為國家意志,要求社會圍繞行動(dòng)黨政府的發(fā)展目標(biāo)而凝聚力量,使整個(gè)社會成為國家目標(biāo)的追隨者。政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商帶來了經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的巨大成就,從這一方面來講,對于后發(fā)展國家不失為一種好的管理模式。但同時(shí)也應(yīng)該認(rèn)識到,這一模式也面臨著一定的挑戰(zhàn)。因此本文從社會管理的角度切入,通過描述政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商的社會管理模式的內(nèi)容,總結(jié)這一模式取得的成績和面臨的挑戰(zhàn),來對其進(jìn)行一定的評價(jià)和分析,進(jìn)而反映出這一模式的存在價(jià)值和不足。本文分為以下幾個(gè)部分:緒論,首先介紹本篇論文的選題依據(jù)和研究意義,然后介紹國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀,包括介紹政黨與社會的關(guān)系以及新加坡人民行動(dòng)黨處理社會關(guān)系的研究現(xiàn)狀。再后是介紹本篇論文的研究思路和研究方法,最后說明本篇論文的創(chuàng)新之處和不足之處。第一部分:新加坡人民行動(dòng)黨與“政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商”。在這一部分中闡述了政黨的社會管理職能,梳理了人民行動(dòng)黨的發(fā)展歷程及其社會基礎(chǔ),“政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商”的內(nèi)涵,以及在人民行動(dòng)黨治理下的新加坡社會發(fā)展形態(tài)。新加坡主要的社會組織形態(tài)可以說是合作主義政治組織,公民社會很不發(fā)達(dá),獨(dú)立性社會組織的發(fā)展受限等等,這些都是新加坡社會發(fā)展形態(tài)的具體表現(xiàn)。第二部分:新加坡人民行動(dòng)黨“政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商”社會管理模式的主要內(nèi)容。政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商的社會管理模式實(shí)際上就是政黨在進(jìn)行社會管理的過程中,在與社會的溝通過程中,政黨始終處于優(yōu)勢地位的協(xié)商形式。這一模式與新加坡自建國以來奉行的發(fā)展主義密切相關(guān)。人民行動(dòng)黨依靠發(fā)展主義導(dǎo)向來構(gòu)建社會管理體系,以經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展為首要目標(biāo),集中國內(nèi)資源進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè),以較高的經(jīng)濟(jì)水平和物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)來化解社會矛盾,調(diào)節(jié)社會關(guān)系。政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商模式通過推行合作主義來構(gòu)建穩(wěn)定的社會秩序。人民行動(dòng)黨建立并掌控合作主義的社會組織,在實(shí)際操作過程中注重與社群組織進(jìn)行交流、合作和發(fā)展,發(fā)揮合作對于社會穩(wěn)定的重要意義。政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商模式還包括通過塑造價(jià)值觀和打造公民組織來主導(dǎo)政治社會關(guān)系,依靠制度手段和法律手段來完善社會保障體系。第三部分:“政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商”社會管理模式的成就及面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。人民行動(dòng)黨在這一模式下取得了相當(dāng)大的成績,具體的成績可以從經(jīng)濟(jì)方面、社會保障方面、就業(yè)方面、社會秩序方面反映出來。同時(shí)這一模式也面臨著社會結(jié)構(gòu)的日益復(fù)雜、公民社會和公民組織的興起、網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體的發(fā)展和反對黨的壯大等等越來越多的挑戰(zhàn)。第四部分:新加坡人民行動(dòng)黨“政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商”社會管理模式評析。這一模式在新加坡的長期實(shí)行必然有著一定的獨(dú)特性,它是新加坡這一后發(fā)展國家社會管理模式的偉大創(chuàng)舉,為其他的后發(fā)展國家提供了借鑒經(jīng)驗(yàn)。依靠制度化來完善社會管理體系對于進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)國家治理現(xiàn)代化具有重要的意義。當(dāng)然,這一模式也存在著不足之處,難以解決與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展相適應(yīng)的多元利益需求,限制了公民社會功能的有效發(fā)揮,以黨代民的內(nèi)涵過于豐富導(dǎo)致民主的內(nèi)涵有所缺失,選民支持率下降、經(jīng)濟(jì)出現(xiàn)衰退等問題導(dǎo)致政黨自身的合法性存在質(zhì)疑。最后一部分主要是對通篇的總結(jié),以及對政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商這一社會管理模式的展望。新加坡人民行動(dòng)黨在與社會的溝通關(guān)系中,政黨優(yōu)位協(xié)商的態(tài)勢明顯。這種優(yōu)勢地位在短期內(nèi)不會馬上消失,但是隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)水平的提高,社會表達(dá)和多元主義文化的發(fā)展,政黨不能居于社會之上,不能長期占據(jù)優(yōu)勢地位,應(yīng)該打造具有獨(dú)立性和自主性的成熟社會。同時(shí),中國與新加坡有很多相似之處,可以借鑒新加坡政府的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:The people's Action Party of Singapore since 1959 has been in power for nearly 60 years, become a multi-party state in the world's longest continuous, one of the strongest social control. The people's Action Party in Singapore under the leadership of the party, from poor countries to become one of the developed countries, one important reason is the people's action the party is very good to deal with the relationship with the society. This relationship is the social management mode of party a party a negotiation. Negotiation refers to the communication process of Party and society in the political party in the dominant position of the consultation form. The formation of this model and the people's Action Party are inseparable. "Closely party priority negotiation with the development of Marxism, effectively promoted the modernization process of Singapore. At the same time the Party A to Party consultation by cooperation, will rise to the will of the state, society on line The development goal of the party and government strength, make the whole society become the country party followers. Superior negotiation brought tremendous achievements in economic development, from this perspective, the development of the country is in a good management model. But at the same time, it should be recognized that this model also faces some the challenge in this paper. Starting from the perspective of social management, through the description of a party negotiation mode of social management content, summed up this mode achievements and challenges to the evaluation and analysis of it, which reflects the mode of existence value and shortcomings. This paper is divided into the following parts the introduction, first introduced the background and significance of the study of this thesis, and then introduces the research status at home and abroad, including the relationship between Party and society and the people's Action Party of Singapore and social relations Study on the status of system. Then the research ideas and research methods are introduced in this paper. Finally this paper innovations and shortcomings. The first part: the Singapore People's Action Party and party a consultation ". In this part of the party's social management function, combing the development process of people's the actions of the party and its social foundation, connotation of" party a consultation ", and the people's Action Party of Singapore under the governance pattern of social development. Singapore's main form of social organization can be said to be the cooperation of political organization, civil society is not developed, the independence of social organizations development limited and so on, these are the specific performance of the society the development form of Singapore. The second part: the main content of people's Action Party of Singapore" party a consultation "social management mode. The actual social management mode of Party A on consultation Is the party in the process of social management, in the process of communication with the society, the party has always been in the dominant position of the consultation form. This model and Singapore pursued since the founding of the development of Marxism is closely related. The people's Action Party relying on development oriented to the construction of social management system, with economic development as the primary goal, focus on domestic resources for economic construction, with a higher level of economic and material basis to resolve social conflicts, regulate social relations. Party a negotiation mode through the implementation of cooperation to build a stable social order. The people's Action Party to establish and control cooperative social organization, with the emphasis on community organizations to communicate in the actual operation process, cooperation and the development of cooperative play is important for social stability. A party negotiation mode also includes by shaping the values and civic organizations to create the main The political and social relations, rely on institutional and legal means to improve the social security system. The third part: "the advantages and challenges of Party negotiation" mode of social management achievements. The people's Action Party has made considerable achievements in this mode, the specific results from the economic aspect, social security, employment hand, social order is reflected. At the same time, this model is also facing the increasingly complex social structure, the rise of civil society and civil organizations, the development of online media and the opposition grew more and more challenges and so on. The fourth part: the people's Action Party of Singapore "party a consultation" social management mode of this analysis. In the implementation of long-term pattern of Singapore will inevitably have a certain uniqueness. It is a great creation of national social development management mode of Singapore after this, the state for other development For experience. Rely on the system to improve the social management system is of great significance to further promote the modernization of national governance. Of course, this model has some shortcomings, it is difficult to solve the diverse needs and adapt to economic development, effectively limits the function of civil society, based on the connotation of the party on behalf of the people is too rich the connotation of democracy has led to lack of voter support rate of decline, the economic recession caused problems such as the legitimacy of Party itself being questioned. The last part is the summary and Prospect of full consultation, the social management mode of Party priority. The people's Action Party of Singapore in communication with the community relations, political parties and a negotiation situation is obvious. The dominant position in the short term will not immediately disappear, but with the improvement of economic level, social development and the expression of cultural pluralism, A political party cannot live on the top of the society and cannot occupy a dominant position for a long time. We should create a mature society with independence and autonomy. At the same time, China has many similarities with Singapore, which can learn from the advanced experience of the Singapore government.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D733.9

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