晉西北屬于國(guó)家級(jí)和省級(jí)限制開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū),其先天脆弱的自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)導(dǎo)致土地沙漠化、水土流失以及農(nóng)民貧困問(wèn)題。2000年后晉西北生態(tài)脆弱區(qū)農(nóng)民城鎮(zhèn)化現(xiàn)象呈規(guī)模性增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì),通過(guò)形成“城鎮(zhèn)化農(nóng)民生計(jì)非農(nóng)化—農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)—農(nóng)地規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)—農(nóng)村居民收入提高—生態(tài)恢復(fù)保護(hù)”互動(dòng)關(guān)系鏈,可以為降低晉西北生態(tài)脆弱區(qū)土地人口壓力和恢復(fù)其生態(tài)環(huán)境開(kāi)辟新途徑,而這條關(guān)系鏈存在的關(guān)鍵則是城鎮(zhèn)化農(nóng)民的可持續(xù)非農(nóng)生計(jì)。借鑒國(guó)際上應(yīng)用范圍最廣的可持續(xù)生計(jì)SL框架——DFID模型,選取晉西北地區(qū)大城市朔州市為實(shí)證研究對(duì)象,基于結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型定量測(cè)定了脆弱性背景—生計(jì)資本—生計(jì)策略—生計(jì)結(jié)果相互之間復(fù)雜的影響機(jī)制。研究表明①脆弱性背景對(duì)生計(jì)策略產(chǎn)生顯著的負(fù)向影響,且通過(guò)影響生計(jì)策略間接對(duì)生計(jì)結(jié)果產(chǎn)生負(fù)向影響。②人力資本、物質(zhì)資本、金融資本均對(duì)繼續(xù)留城務(wù)工的生計(jì)策略產(chǎn)生正向影響;生計(jì)資本中只有物質(zhì)資本對(duì)就業(yè)性質(zhì)有影響力。③人力資本對(duì)職業(yè)層次和娛樂(lè)生活豐富度均有顯著的正向影響;社會(huì)資本對(duì)職業(yè)層次沒(méi)有顯示出顯著影響力,但卻對(duì)進(jìn)城務(wù)工后的收入增加顯示出正向影響力;金融資本對(duì)娛樂(lè)生活豐富度有顯著正向作用力。④繼續(xù)留城務(wù)工的生計(jì)策略對(duì)娛樂(lè)生活的豐富度有正向影響,就業(yè)性質(zhì)則對(duì)收入增加有正向影響力。

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