【摘要】： 北京市在經(jīng)歷了長期高速經(jīng)濟增長之后正面臨著人口、環(huán)境發(fā)展的矛盾。過高的人口總量是環(huán)境問題的沉重負擔。同樣,經(jīng)濟增長對環(huán)境帶來的影響不可避免,資源的開采以及三廢的排放都會對當?shù)氐沫h(huán)境產(chǎn)生污染。人口的增加和經(jīng)濟增長導致了對資源需求的增加,導致環(huán)境污染的增加；而人口就業(yè)在經(jīng)濟中不同產(chǎn)業(yè)的分布使得人口在經(jīng)濟增長中的作用也有所改變,不同產(chǎn)業(yè)之間對環(huán)境污染的影響程度亦有所不同,所以人口通過直接和間接的作用影響了環(huán)境污染。而經(jīng)濟增長會帶來技術(shù)進步,技術(shù)進步會使資源的利用水平提高并降低污染水平。人口的增加導致了對資源需求的增加,經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展同樣使資源需求加劇,但經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展又使得能源消費水平下降,如何協(xié)調(diào)使人口、經(jīng)濟及環(huán)境三者之間保持協(xié)調(diào)的發(fā)展關(guān)系成為重要的課題。本文采用IPAT模型的改進形式STIRPAT模型以北京市為例,分析了人口、經(jīng)濟增長、技術(shù)水平等因素對環(huán)境的影響程度。得出北京市人口與經(jīng)濟對環(huán)境污染起著一定的加劇作用,而技術(shù)水平的進步則對環(huán)境污染有一定的緩解作用。進而提出,要想保持經(jīng)濟增長的同時維持環(huán)境質(zhì)量,就必須對產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)進行升級,必須對環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)大力扶持,通過發(fā)達的第三產(chǎn)業(yè)以及先進的第二產(chǎn)業(yè)來實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟高速增長與換進保護并舉。
[Abstract]:After long-term high-speed economic growth, Beijing is facing the contradiction of population and environmental development. Excessive population is a heavy burden on the environment. Similarly, the impact of economic growth on the environment is inevitable, and the exploitation of resources and the discharge of the three wastes will pollute the local environment. The increase in population and economic growth has led to an increase in the demand for resources and an increase in environmental pollution; And the distribution of population employment in different industries in the economy has changed the role of population in economic growth, and the influence of different industries on environmental pollution is also different. Therefore, population affects environmental pollution directly and indirectly. Economic growth will bring technological progress, technological progress will increase the level of utilization of resources and reduce the level of pollution. The increase in the population has led to an increase in the demand for resources, and the development of the economy has also aggravated the demand for resources, but the development of the economy has also led to a decline in the level of energy consumption, how to coordinate the population, The harmonious development relationship between economy and environment has become an important issue. In this paper, the improved STIRPAT model of IPAT model is used to analyze the influence degree of population, economic growth, technical level and other factors on the environment, taking Beijing as an example. It is concluded that the population and economy of Beijing play a certain role in aggravating the environmental pollution, while the progress of technical level can alleviate the environmental pollution to a certain extent. Furthermore, it is pointed out that in order to maintain economic growth and maintain environmental quality, we must upgrade the industrial structure and vigorously support the environmental protection industry. Through the developed tertiary industry and advanced secondary industry to achieve high-speed economic growth and trade-in protection.
【學位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：C924.2;X24;F127;F224

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條

1 雷陽;低碳經(jīng)濟背景下烏魯木齊市房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)模式研究[D];新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2011年

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