【摘要】： 通過利用雙螺桿擠出機,采用反應(yīng)擠出法將短纖維和聚碳酸酯進行復(fù)合,制備出了碳纖維分布均勻,長徑比分布適中的高性能聚碳酸酯/碳纖維復(fù)合材料。 采用了氣相氧化法,液相氧化法、液相氧化+硅烷偶聯(lián)劑復(fù)合法等對碳纖維進行前期改性處理,利用掃描電鏡觀察改性后碳纖維的表面形態(tài),分析不同方法對碳纖維表面的處理效果,不同方法處理后碳纖維表面形貌明顯不同,液相氧化與氣相氧化法相比,前者處理后,碳纖維表面的粗糙度明顯,液相氧化后經(jīng)硅烷偶聯(lián)劑表面活化后表面較平整。將三種處理后的碳纖維與聚碳酸酯復(fù)合后的物理機械性能進行測試,表明液相氧化+硅烷偶聯(lián)劑復(fù)合處理法制備的復(fù)合材料綜合性能最佳,碳纖維含量僅為5%時,屈服強度和彈性模量與純聚碳酸酯相比分別提高了18%和62%,確定出了碳纖維的最佳處理方法,為進一步研究奠定基礎(chǔ)。 研究了不同的加工工藝對聚碳酸酯/碳纖維復(fù)合材料的影響,研究結(jié)果表明螺桿轉(zhuǎn)速對復(fù)合材料的性能影響很小,說明提高轉(zhuǎn)速改善混合效率而不影響碳纖維增強效果。研究了加工溫度對復(fù)合材料性能的影響,在溫度較高時,聚碳酸酯/碳纖維復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能略有提高。 研究了碳纖維初始長度和碳纖維的含量對復(fù)合材料的影響,結(jié)果表明：碳纖維的短切長度越長,碳纖維在復(fù)合材料中的長徑比越大,復(fù)合材料的性能越好。 通過研究碳纖維含量對復(fù)合材料性能的影響,結(jié)果表明隨著碳纖維含量的增加,復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能和熱變形溫度都逐漸提高；其中碳纖維含量為13%時,綜合性能最佳;屈服強度從純聚碳酸酯的58.8MPa提高到77.3MPa,提高了32%；彈性模量從1303MPa提高到2333MPa,提高了近一倍；熱變形溫度從110℃提高到153℃,提高了43℃。
[Abstract]:High performance polycarbonate / carbon fiber composites with uniform carbon fiber distribution and moderate aspect ratio distribution were prepared by using twin-screw extruder and reactive extrusion method to synthesize short fiber and polycarbonate. The carbon fiber was modified by gas phase oxidation and liquid phase oxidation of Silane coupling agent, and the surface morphology of the modified carbon fiber was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The surface morphology of carbon fiber treated by different methods is obviously different. Compared with gas phase oxidation, the surface roughness of carbon fiber treated by liquid phase oxidation is obvious. After liquid phase oxidation, the surface of Silane coupling agent is smooth after surface activation. The physical and mechanical properties of the three kinds of treated carbon fiber and polycarbonate were tested. the results showed that the comprehensive properties of the composites prepared by liquid phase oxidative silane coupling agent composite treatment were the best, and when the carbon fiber content was only 5%, Compared with pure polycarbonate, the yield strength and elastic modulus are increased by 18% and 62%, respectively. The optimum treatment method of carbon fiber is determined, which lays a foundation for further research. The effects of different processing technologies on the properties of polycarbonate / carbon fiber composites were studied. the results show that the screw speed has little effect on the properties of the composites, which indicates that increasing the speed improves the mixing efficiency without affecting the strengthening effect of carbon fiber. The effect of processing temperature on the properties of the composites was studied. when the temperature was high, the mechanical properties of polycarbonate / carbon fiber composites were slightly improved. The effects of the initial length of carbon fiber and the content of carbon fiber on the composites were studied. the results show that the longer the short cutting length of carbon fiber is, the greater the aspect ratio of carbon fiber is in the composite, and the better the properties of the composite are. The effect of carbon fiber content on the properties of the composites was studied. the results showed that the mechanical properties and thermal deformation temperature of the composites increased gradually with the increase of carbon fiber content. When the content of carbon fiber is 13%, the comprehensive properties are the best, the yield strength is increased from 77.3 MPA to 77.3 MPA, and the elastic modulus is increased from 1303MPa to 2333 MPA, which is nearly doubled. The thermal deformation temperature increased from 110 鈩，

本文編號：2479685