【摘要】：納米復(fù)合材料由于其具有不同于單個(gè)組分的物理和化學(xué)性質(zhì)而成為研究熱點(diǎn)。尤其是其在催化、生物傳感、表面增強(qiáng)拉曼等分析檢測方面有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。導(dǎo)電聚合物和貴金屬的復(fù)合材料由于具有獨(dú)特的結(jié)構(gòu)及其光、電、磁等獨(dú)特性質(zhì),使它在能源、信息、光電子器件、化學(xué)和生物傳感器、電磁屏蔽、隱身技術(shù)以及金屬腐蝕防護(hù)等領(lǐng)域具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。普魯士藍(lán)具有優(yōu)良的電化學(xué)可逆性,高度的穩(wěn)定性,容易制備,且制備成本低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)被廣泛用于電化學(xué)的電極修飾材料。它作為電子傳遞的良好媒介,可降低氧化還原物質(zhì)特別是過氧化物電化學(xué)反應(yīng)的過電位。 本論文基于導(dǎo)電聚合物和貴金屬復(fù)合材料特殊的性質(zhì)以及普魯士藍(lán)的電催化活性而展開研究,主要包括以下內(nèi)容: 1.簡要地?cái)⑹隽思{米材料的特性、制備、應(yīng)用以及納米復(fù)合材料等,主要介紹了導(dǎo)電聚吡咯、聚苯胺、納米金、納米應(yīng)的制備及其納米復(fù)合物,,對(duì)普魯士藍(lán)也做了簡要的介紹。 2.通過一步法成功地在水溶液中合成了以納米金為核,PPy和PB為殼的Au-PPy/PB核-殼多重納米復(fù)合物和PANI和PB為殼的Au-PANI/PB核-殼多重納米復(fù)合物;并提出了可能的反應(yīng)機(jī)理,通過XRD, FTIR, UV-vis,EDS,TEM等技術(shù)對(duì)這幾種多重納米復(fù)合物進(jìn)行了表征。對(duì)其制備的條件也進(jìn)行了選擇和優(yōu)化,并將Au-PPy/PB核-殼多重納米復(fù)合物修飾于電極上,研究了其電化學(xué)性質(zhì)及電催化性能。核-殼多重納米復(fù)合物修飾電極對(duì)過氧化氫和L-半胱氨酸有快的響應(yīng)、高的靈敏度和檢測限、而且穩(wěn)定性和重現(xiàn)性很好。 3.同樣,通過一步法合成了以納米銀為核,PPy和PB為殼的Ag-PPy/PB核-殼多重納米復(fù)合物,這進(jìn)一步說明一步法合成導(dǎo)電聚合物/貴金屬納米顆粒/PB具有一定的普適性。合成的Ag-PPy/PB同樣對(duì)過氧化氫有很好的響應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:Nanocomposites have become a research hotspot because of their physical and chemical properties different from those of individual components. Especially in catalysis, biosensor, surface enhanced Raman analysis and other analytical detection has a wide range of applications. Conductive polymers and precious metal composites, due to their unique structure and unique optical, electrical and magnetic properties, make it available in energy, information, optoelectronic devices, chemical and biological sensors, electromagnetic shielding, Stealth technology and metal corrosion protection have broad application prospects. Prussian blue is widely used in electrochemical electrode modification materials because of its excellent electrochemical reversibility, high stability, easy preparation and low preparation cost. As a good medium for electron transport, it can reduce the overpotential of electrochemical reactions of redox substances, especially peroxides. Based on the special properties of conductive polymer and noble metal composites and the electrocatalytic activity of Prussian blue, the main contents are as follows: 1. The properties, preparation, application and nanocomposites of nanomaterials are briefly described. The preparation of conductive polypyrrole, Polyaniline, nanometer gold, nanomaterials and their nanocomposites are mainly introduced. Prussian blue is also briefly introduced. 2. Au-PPy/PB core-shell multiplex nanocomposites with PPy and PB shells and Au-PANI/PB core-shell nanocomposites with PANI and PB shells were successfully synthesized in aqueous solution by one-step method. The possible reaction mechanism was proposed, and these multiplex nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, FTIR, UV-vis,EDS,TEM and other techniques. The preparation conditions were also selected and optimized. The electrochemical properties and electrocatalytic properties of Au-PPy/PB core-shell multiplex nanocomposites were studied. The modified electrode has fast response to hydrogen peroxide and L-cysteine, high sensitivity and detection limit, and good stability and reproducibility. 3. Similarly, Ag-PPy/PB core-shell multiplex nanocomposites with nano-silver as core and PPy and PB as shell were synthesized by one-step method, which further indicates that one-step synthesis of conductive polymer / noble metal nanoparticles / PB has a certain universality. The synthesized Ag-PPy/PB also has a good response to hydrogen peroxide.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TB383.1

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