【摘要】：職權(quán)法定是權(quán)力制約的基本形式,也是法治的最低限度要求。其核心在于國家機(jī)關(guān)及其公職人員必須依法行使權(quán)力。1949年中華人民共和國成立以來,我國國家機(jī)關(guān)的職權(quán)設(shè)定經(jīng)歷了一個變化的歷史過程,制度化水平不斷提升。但與全面推進(jìn)依法治國的要求相比,職權(quán)設(shè)定仍處于偏低的制度化狀態(tài),職權(quán)設(shè)定依賴文件而沒有通過法律方式展開。尤其是事權(quán)劃分,幾乎完全不在法律框架之中。權(quán)力不僅沒有受到有效的約束,相反進(jìn)一步造成對權(quán)力的依賴,嚴(yán)重制約了法治目標(biāo)的實現(xiàn)。因此,全面推進(jìn)依法治國,必須繼續(xù)大力推動我國職權(quán)設(shè)定方式的改造,尤其是強(qiáng)化事權(quán)法定。為此,需要將目前正在進(jìn)行的國務(wù)院財政事權(quán)與支出責(zé)任相一致的相關(guān)改革舉措從政府改革決策轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉纱胧?需要對各類組織法作出修訂,切實改變職權(quán)特別是事權(quán)劃分不清的現(xiàn)狀,真正切實做到職權(quán)"法定"。
[Abstract]:Legal power is the basic form of power restriction and the minimum requirement of rule of law. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1949, the establishment of the functions and powers of state organs in China has undergone a historical process of change, and the level of institutionalization has been continuously improved. However, compared with the requirement of promoting the rule of law in an all-round way, the establishment of authority is still on the low side of the system, and the establishment of authority depends on documents but is not carried out by legal means. In particular, the division of power, almost completely out of the legal framework. Power is not only not subject to effective constraints, on the contrary, it further causes dependence on power, which seriously restricts the realization of the goal of rule of law. Therefore, to promote the rule of law in an all-round way, we must continue to vigorously promote the reform of the mode of power setting in our country, especially the strengthening of the rule of law. To this end, there is a need to change the relevant reform initiatives currently under way under the State Council, which are consistent with the State Council's fiscal and expenditure responsibilities, from government reform decisions to legal measures, and to amend the various organic laws. Effectively change the current situation of power, especially the unclear division of power, and truly fulfill the "statutory" functions and powers.
【作者單位】： 浙江大學(xué)中國地方治理與法治發(fā)展研究中心;國家2011計劃司法文明協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心;浙江大學(xué)光華法學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家社科基金重大項目“法治國家、法治政府、法治社會一體建設(shè)進(jìn)程中的地方實踐研究”(項目號:14ZDC007)的階段性成果
【分類號】：D922.11

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