本文選題：農(nóng)村生態(tài)文明 + 環(huán)境法治　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前,我國(guó)農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境形勢(shì)十分嚴(yán)峻,農(nóng)村生活污染、生產(chǎn)污染和工業(yè)污染極為嚴(yán)重,加上城市化的擴(kuò)張和農(nóng)村社會(huì)的轉(zhuǎn)型,一些城市垃圾大范圍的向農(nóng)村傾倒,致使農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境遭受更為嚴(yán)重的污染。這些問(wèn)題已經(jīng)影響了農(nóng)村社會(huì)及中國(guó)整體的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,并阻礙了“生產(chǎn)發(fā)展、生活寬裕、鄉(xiāng)風(fēng)文明、村容整潔、管理民主”的社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)進(jìn)程。如果任由其發(fā)展下去,必將對(duì)我國(guó)和諧社會(huì)的構(gòu)建構(gòu)成威脅,從而使得人與自然和諧、可持續(xù)發(fā)展的愿望化為泡影。本文正是在當(dāng)前農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境發(fā)展的大形勢(shì)下,在以科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指引的條件下,試圖以環(huán)境法治為手段,構(gòu)建美好的農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境。 首先,筆者對(duì)農(nóng)村生態(tài)文明與環(huán)境法治的相關(guān)概念作了詳盡的闡述和歸納,并在研究前人成果的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)生態(tài)文明、農(nóng)村環(huán)境法治給出了自己的見(jiàn)解和看法,認(rèn)為生態(tài)文明是指人類(lèi)在堅(jiān)持人與自然、社會(huì)和諧統(tǒng)一基礎(chǔ)上而形成的各種相互關(guān)系的總和,是人與自然、社會(huì)共同發(fā)展、和諧共存的社會(huì)形態(tài)；而環(huán)境法治就是將保護(hù)環(huán)境的一系列活動(dòng)和工作全部納入到法治軌道上來(lái),制定符合規(guī)則的規(guī)范和秩序,確保環(huán)境保護(hù)工作能夠順利推行。二者之間是相輔相成、互不可缺的依存關(guān)系。農(nóng)村生態(tài)文明必須要有環(huán)境法治的制度保障；而構(gòu)建農(nóng)村環(huán)境法治的最終目的就是要實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村社會(huì)的生態(tài)文明。 其次,在概念確定和關(guān)系明確的基礎(chǔ)上,筆者又從馬克思主義生態(tài)環(huán)境法治觀、鄧小平環(huán)境法治思想以及科學(xué)發(fā)展觀等重要的理論基礎(chǔ)出發(fā),探究農(nóng)村生態(tài)文明建設(shè)與環(huán)境法治的理論淵源和深刻內(nèi)涵,揭示出我國(guó)當(dāng)前農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境治理的理論根基,從而在堅(jiān)實(shí)的理論指導(dǎo)下,順利實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村生態(tài)文明的環(huán)境法治建設(shè)。馬克思、恩格斯早在工業(yè)革命時(shí)期就已經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)環(huán)境問(wèn)題是事關(guān)人類(lèi)生存和發(fā)展的大問(wèn)題,并指出人類(lèi)不能一味的掠奪和占有生態(tài)環(huán)境,而是必須要與自然和諧相處,只有這樣才能實(shí)現(xiàn)人與自然的和諧發(fā)展；鄧小平從環(huán)境法治的角度出發(fā),在堅(jiān)持馬克思主義生態(tài)環(huán)境觀的基礎(chǔ)上,主張必須要建立健全環(huán)境保護(hù)法治體系,用法律制度來(lái)制約環(huán)境惡化,實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村生態(tài)文明；科學(xué)發(fā)展觀是對(duì)馬克思主義生態(tài)環(huán)境思想的繼承和發(fā)展,是新時(shí)期我國(guó)構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)、實(shí)現(xiàn)人與自然和諧相處的重要思想指引。 第三,我國(guó)農(nóng)村環(huán)境法治建設(shè)面臨著諸多問(wèn)題。實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)都一再證明,在法治建設(shè)不健全的情形下,很難實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村生態(tài)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。因此,筆者主要是對(duì)當(dāng)前農(nóng)村環(huán)境法治存在的立法不完善、執(zhí)法力度不夠、司法機(jī)構(gòu)存在缺陷、農(nóng)村干群守法意識(shí)薄弱等問(wèn)題和不足進(jìn)行了闡述和分析,認(rèn)為當(dāng)前我國(guó)農(nóng)村生態(tài)文明環(huán)境法治建設(shè)不足的原因主要是由于傳統(tǒng)文化的桎梏、發(fā)展觀念的誘致、法律意識(shí)的匱乏以及監(jiān)督機(jī)制的失靈所引起。只有加強(qiáng)和完善農(nóng)村環(huán)境法治,才能實(shí)現(xiàn)和諧新農(nóng)村。 最后,筆者針對(duì)當(dāng)前的不足與問(wèn)題,從立法、執(zhí)法、司法、守法以及法律監(jiān)督等五個(gè)方面提出了相應(yīng)的解決對(duì)策和建議,指出應(yīng)當(dāng)健全農(nóng)村生態(tài)文明環(huán)境保護(hù)的立法、嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行農(nóng)村生態(tài)文明保護(hù)的法律法規(guī)、建立健全農(nóng)村環(huán)境保護(hù)的司法機(jī)制、培養(yǎng)農(nóng)村干群的環(huán)境保護(hù)法律意識(shí)、加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村環(huán)境法治工作的監(jiān)督力度,并期望我國(guó)農(nóng)村環(huán)境法治建設(shè)取得進(jìn)一步的完善,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村社會(huì)的全面和諧與發(fā)展。Ⅱ
[Abstract]:At present, the situation of rural ecological environment in China is very severe, the pollution of rural life, the pollution of production and industrial pollution are extremely serious, with the expansion of urbanization and the transformation of rural society, the large scale of municipal refuse dumping to the countryside has caused the rural ecological environment to suffer more severe pollution. These problems have already affected the rural society and The sustainable development of China has hindered the construction process of the socialist new rural construction of "production and development, rich life, rural wind civilization, clean village and management democracy". If it is allowed to develop, it will threaten the construction of a harmonious society in China, thus making the desire for harmony between man and nature, and the desire for sustainable development into a bubble. Under the current situation of the development of rural ecological environment, under the condition of the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, the article tries to build a beautiful rural ecological environment with the environmental rule of law as a means.
First, the author expounds and summarizes the relevant concepts of the rural ecological civilization and the rule of law of the environment. On the basis of the study of the achievements of the predecessors, the author gives his own views and views on the ecological civilization and the rule of law in the rural environment, and holds that the ecological civilization refers to the various phases of human beings on the basis of adhering to the harmony of human beings and self and social harmony. The sum of interrelations is the social form of the common development of man and nature and society, and the harmonious coexistence of the society. Environmental rule of law is a series of activities and work to protect the environment on the track of the rule of law, formulating rules and order to ensure the smooth implementation of the environmental protection work. The two parties are complementary and mutually exclusive. The rural ecological civilization must be guaranteed by the rule of law in the environment, and the ultimate aim of constructing the rule of law in the rural environment is to realize the ecological civilization of the rural society.
Secondly, on the basis of concept determination and clear relationship, the author also explores the theoretical origin and profound connotation of rural ecological civilization construction and environmental rule of law from Marx's ecological environment rule of law view, Deng Xiaoping environmental rule of law thought and Scientific Outlook on Development and other important theoretical basis, and reveals the current rural ecological environment governance in China. Under the guidance of the solid theory, the theoretical foundation of the ecological civilization in rural areas is successfully implemented. Marx, Engels, in the period of the industrial revolution, had predicted that the environmental problem was a major issue concerning human survival and development, and pointed out that human beings could not blindly plunder and occupy the ecological environment, but must be with nature. In harmony, only in this way can the harmonious development of man and nature be realized; from the perspective of environmental rule of law and on the basis of the view of the ecological environment of Marx, Deng Xiaoping advocates the establishment and improvement of the rule of law system of environmental protection, the use of legal system to restrict the deterioration of the environment and realize the ecological civilization of the countryside; the Scientific Outlook on Development is a horse to the horse. The inheritance and development of Kyth's ecological environment thought is an important guideline for building a harmonious society and achieving harmonious coexistence between man and nature in the new era.
Third, the construction of the rule of law in rural environment in China faces many problems. The practical experience has repeatedly proved that it is difficult to achieve sustainable development of rural ecology under the condition that the construction of the rule of law is not perfect. Therefore, the author is mainly about the imperfect legislation of the current rural environmental rule of law, the insufficient enforcement of law, the defects of the judiciary and the rural masses. The reasons for the weakness of law-abiding consciousness are expounded and analyzed. The reasons for the lack of legal construction in the rural ecological civilization environment in China are mainly due to the shackles of the traditional culture, the inducement of the concept of development, the lack of legal consciousness and the failure of the supervision mechanism. Only by strengthening and perfecting the rule of law in the rural environment can we realize the rule of law in rural areas. Harmonious new countryside.
Finally, the author puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions from five aspects, such as legislation, law enforcement, judicature, law-abiding and legal supervision, and points out that the legislation of ecological civilization environmental protection in rural areas should be improved, the laws and regulations on the protection of rural ecological civilization should be strictly implemented, and the judicial machine for environmental protection in rural areas should be established. In order to realize the comprehensive harmony and development of the rural society, we should cultivate the legal consciousness of the environmental protection of the rural cadres and strengthen the supervision of the work of the rule of law in the rural environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X321

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 鄭艷;中國(guó)農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境治理問(wèn)題與對(duì)策淺論[D];湖南師范大學(xué);2012年

2 苑方勇;地理信息系統(tǒng)軟件測(cè)試標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系研究[D];北京建筑工程學(xué)院;2012年

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本文編號(hào)：2115762