蘆葦預(yù)水解硫酸鹽法制人纖漿粕
發(fā)布時間:2018-05-30 09:20
本文選題:蘆葦 + 硫酸鹽蒸煮; 參考:《大連工業(yè)大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文
【摘要】:以往生產(chǎn)人纖漿粕的主要原料是木材和棉短絨等天然纖維,然而,我國森林資源匱乏,棉田也有限,用以制漿粕將面臨越來越大的困難。蘆葦在我國分布廣泛,產(chǎn)量高,如能成功用它來生產(chǎn)漿粕,將具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。 本文首先重點探索了以蘆葦為原料,采用蒸煮工藝和漂白工藝制備高質(zhì)量蘆葦漿粕,并且對主要的工序進行優(yōu)化,得到了優(yōu)化參數(shù)。 (1)水預(yù)水解的最佳工藝條件:液比1:6,最高溫度175℃,保溫時間75min,而最高溫度、保溫時間對預(yù)水解的影響較大。 (2)硫酸鹽蒸煮的最佳工藝參數(shù):用堿量18%(對絕干原料,Na_2O計),硫化度19%(Na_2O計),保溫時間75min。 (3)ECF漂白流程采用D1-Ep-D2-A,其中二氧化氯的最佳工藝條件:終點pH值4,反應(yīng)溫度70℃,反應(yīng)時間120min,總用氯量2%。ECF漂白得到蘆葦漿粕的白度85.5%ISO,黏度636mL·g~(-1),α-纖維素95.7%,聚戊糖1.93%,灰分0.10%,鐵含量18.5mg·kg~(-1)。TCF漂白流程采用Op-PAC-Q-P-A,其中過氧乙酸段的最佳工藝條件:初始pH值7,反應(yīng)溫度70℃,反應(yīng)時間60min,PAC用量2%。TCF漂白得到蘆葦漿粕的白度86.6%ISO,黏度581mL·g~(-1),α-纖維素96%,聚戊糖2.01%,灰分0.06%,鐵含量10.4mg·kg~(-1),并通過了漿粕的反應(yīng)性能測試。 同時,本文又探索了以蘆葦預(yù)水解廢液中分離的半纖維素為原料,通過醚化反應(yīng)制備不同取代度的陽離子半纖維素。主要討論了陽離子試劑用量、催化劑NaOH用量、反應(yīng)時間及溫度對取代度的影響。結(jié)果表明,當陽離子試劑與半纖維素質(zhì)量比為0.8,NaOH與半纖維素質(zhì)量比為0.08,反應(yīng)時間為2h,溫度為60℃時,,可得到取代度為0.0217的陽離子半纖維素。通過紅外光譜對改性前后半纖維素的結(jié)構(gòu)進行表征,結(jié)果表明改性半纖維素大分子鏈上具有陽離子基團,證實了半纖維素確實發(fā)生了陽離子化反應(yīng)。改性后的陽離子半纖維素對紙漿有明顯的增強作用。
[Abstract]:In the past, the main raw materials for the production of human fiber pulp were natural fibers such as wood and cotton fleece. However, the forest resources were scarce and the cotton fields were limited in our country, so it would be more and more difficult to make pulp meal. Reed is widely distributed in China and has high yield. If it can be used successfully to produce pulp, it will have important practical significance. In this paper, the high quality Reed pulp was prepared by cooking and bleaching process, and the main processes were optimized, and the optimized parameters were obtained. 1) the optimum conditions of water pre-hydrolysis are as follows: the ratio of liquid to water is 1: 6, the highest temperature is 175 鈩
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