本文選題：聚丙烯酰胺 + 雙水相體系　； 參考：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：由丙烯酰胺單體(AM)及其衍生物聚合形成的均聚物與共聚物統(tǒng)稱為聚丙烯酰胺(PAM),聚丙烯酰胺作為水溶性聚合物,在水處理、造紙、石油、煤炭等行業(yè)中被廣泛的使用。AM-DAC共聚物屬于陽(yáng)離子型聚丙烯酰胺聚合物(CPAM)體系,是一類水溶性線型高分子聚合物,具有正電荷密度高、特性粘度高、水溶性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。現(xiàn)今,對(duì)于丙烯酰胺單體的雙水相共聚合方法已有研究,但是關(guān)于丙烯酰胺單體與陽(yáng)離子單體共聚反應(yīng)的研究還很少,它在合成過(guò)程中引入了陽(yáng)離子單體,不但解決了普通水溶液聚合反應(yīng)過(guò)程中傳熱和攪拌難等系列問(wèn)題,同時(shí)又使反應(yīng)體系更加穩(wěn)定,使其更符合工業(yè)發(fā)展過(guò)程中對(duì)水溶性聚合物的要求。本論文以丙烯酰胺(AM)單體與丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化銨DAC(陽(yáng)離子單體)為聚合反應(yīng)單體,聚乙二醇為(PEG)分相介質(zhì),選擇氧化還原體系過(guò)硫酸銨—亞硫酸氫鈉為引發(fā)劑,通過(guò)雙水相共聚法合成所需產(chǎn)物陽(yáng)離子型聚丙烯酰胺P(AM-DAC)共聚物。同時(shí)對(duì)聚合產(chǎn)物的相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量及陽(yáng)離子度進(jìn)行考察,通過(guò)紅外光譜圖進(jìn)行表征,并將產(chǎn)物應(yīng)用于模擬廢水,以去除率為比較值,對(duì)產(chǎn)物的絮凝能力進(jìn)行測(cè)定。通過(guò)單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)考察引發(fā)劑、單體濃度、溫度、單體比以及分相介質(zhì)濃度等條件對(duì)共聚物合成體系的共聚物分子量及陽(yáng)離子度的影響,同時(shí)通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)正交實(shí)驗(yàn)(四因素三水平),通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)得到合成高分子量的共聚物的優(yōu)化反應(yīng)條件為:引發(fā)劑0.2 mL,溫度40℃,單體總量16%,PEG 3.5 g;該條件下聚合物相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量為11.24×105。陽(yáng)離子度的優(yōu)化反應(yīng)條件為:引發(fā)劑0.2 mL,溫度50℃,單體總量12%,PEG 3.0 g,在此條件下合成的聚合產(chǎn)品陽(yáng)離子型聚丙烯酰胺陽(yáng)離子度為28.67%。同時(shí),通過(guò)對(duì)聚合產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行紅外光譜表征,對(duì)其聚合分子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果顯示聚合產(chǎn)物CPAM確實(shí)是由AM與DAC兩種單體聚合而成的。分別采用Fineman-Ross(F-R)法、Kelen-Tudos(K-T)法和Yezrielev-BrokhinaRoskin(Y-B-R)法三種方法對(duì)AM與DAC的競(jìng)聚率進(jìn)行測(cè)定,結(jié)果表明通過(guò)K-T法和Y-B-R法測(cè)定的競(jìng)聚率值比較接近且相對(duì)準(zhǔn)確,兩種單體的競(jìng)聚率分別為:rAM=2.1800,rDAC=0.28966,兩種單體共聚屬于非理想共聚。并通過(guò)計(jì)算得到的競(jìng)聚率值分析共聚物的序列長(zhǎng)度分布,同時(shí)繪制共聚體系組成曲線。將自制的P(AM-DAC)聚合產(chǎn)品用于模擬廢水硅藻土懸濁液的絮凝處理,將去濁率作為衡量自制產(chǎn)品絮凝效果的指標(biāo),研究了不同相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量及陽(yáng)離子度對(duì)絮凝效果的影響,并從中選取絮凝效果較好的一組產(chǎn)品作為最終產(chǎn)品,經(jīng)過(guò)分別考察自制產(chǎn)品投加量、pH值、絮凝時(shí)間、轉(zhuǎn)速大小及沉淀時(shí)間等因素對(duì)硅藻土懸濁液絮凝性能的影響以及正交實(shí)驗(yàn)的分析,結(jié)果表明最佳工藝條件為絮凝劑用量5 mL,轉(zhuǎn)速240 r/min,pH 6,攪拌時(shí)間15 min。同時(shí),在該條件下CPAM對(duì)高嶺土懸濁液的去除率達(dá)到87.5%。
[Abstract]:The homopolymers and copolymers formed by polymerization of acrylamide monomers and their derivatives are collectively called polyacrylamide (PAM), polyacrylamide (PAM) as water-soluble polymers, in water treatment, papermaking, petroleum, AM-DAC copolymers are widely used in coal industry and belong to cationic polyacrylamide polymer (CPAM) system. They are a kind of water-soluble linear polymer with high positive charge density, high intrinsic viscosity and good water solubility. However, the copolymerization of acrylamide monomers with cationic monomers has not been studied, and cationic monomers have been introduced in the synthesis process. It not only solves a series of problems such as difficult heat transfer and agitation in the polymerization of ordinary aqueous solution, but also makes the reaction system more stable, making it more suitable for the requirements of water-soluble polymers in the industrial development process. In this paper, acrylamide amylase monomer and acryloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride (DAC) were used as polymerization monomer and polyethylene glycol as phase separation medium. The redox system was composed of ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite as initiator. The Cationic polyacrylamide (PAM) AM-DAC copolymers were synthesized by aqueous phase copolymerization. At the same time, the relative molecular weight and cationic degree of the polymerized product were investigated, and the flocculation ability of the product was measured by infrared spectroscopy. The product was applied to the simulated wastewater and the removal rate was taken as the comparative value. The effects of initiator, monomer concentration, temperature, monomer ratio and concentration of phase separation medium on the molecular weight and cationic degree of copolymers were investigated. At the same time, by designing orthogonal experiment (four factors and three levels), the optimum reaction conditions of synthesized high molecular weight copolymers were obtained as follows: initiator 0.2 mL, temperature 40 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1794450