本文選題：合同能源管理 + 法治化　； 參考：《華東政法大學》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】：強臺風、沙塵暴、高溫干旱、極端降水……近年來,全球極端天氣頻頻發(fā)作,危害越發(fā)嚴重。究其原因,最重要的是碳基燃料消耗過大而造成的全球氣候變暖,極端天氣是能源消耗問題的一個折射。避免極端氣候的主要途徑還是要依靠人類,通過能耗的有效降低改變正在惡化的環(huán)境。伴隨著人類生產力的高度發(fā)展,能源消耗的日益增加,為尋求經濟社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展,節(jié)約能源也已成國際經濟發(fā)展的大趨勢。作為制造業(yè)大國與能源消費大國,我國本著積極、負責、主動的態(tài)度減少碳排放,節(jié)能減排被確定為一項基本國策,并積極努力地提高能源利用效率,建設資源節(jié)約型社會。因節(jié)能工作涉及面廣,技術性強,而且節(jié)能減排大多屬于投資大、見效慢項目,國家光靠自身的力量,來促進節(jié)能降耗的力度是不夠的。因此還要積極培育節(jié)能服務市場,充分調動市場各方面的力量參與,促進節(jié)能降耗,合同能源管理就是調動市場力量參與的節(jié)能服務模式之一。 合同能源管理是一種新興的市場化節(jié)能機制,合同能源管理是指從事節(jié)能服務的公司與用能的用能單位簽訂合同能源管理契約,為用戶提供節(jié)能診斷、融資、改造等服務,并以節(jié)能效益分享方式回收投資和獲得合理利潤,可以大大降低用能單位節(jié)能改造的資金和技術風險,充分調動用能單位節(jié)能改造的積極性,是行之有效的節(jié)能措施。合同能源管理的實質是以減少的能源浪費按一定比例來支付合同能源管理服務機構的投資和利潤的一種方式。其特點是降低用能單位所需承擔節(jié)能實施的資金、技術及風險,就可以更快的降低能源成本,獲得實施節(jié)能后帶來的收益。如果能充分發(fā)揮“合同能源管理”的市場機制作用,最終達到的節(jié)能效果將是非常顯著的。目前,我國政府已運用財稅、補助等優(yōu)惠政策予以支持推動合同能源管理的發(fā)展,取得了良好的政策效果,但要保障支持合同能源管理的優(yōu)惠政策真正落實到位,還需有法律層面的保障支持。 本文采用交叉研究法、探索性研究方法,經過文獻研究與理論應用研究,討論我國能源管理法治化的必要性與基本路徑。全文共分四章,第一章討論合同能源管理的基本內涵和特征。闡明合同能源管理的基本內涵、特性,分析合同能源管理中的若干關系。第二章分析了合同能源管理契約的性質。文章提出合同能源管理契約的屬性為民事契約、非典型契約。鑒于合同能源管理的典型性以及適用的廣泛性,建議積極推動合同能源管理契約典型化。第三章具體分析我國合同能源管理法治化的路徑。結合我國能源管理的特殊性,提出我國合同能源管理的法治化的路徑是:首先從依法治國的戰(zhàn)略高度看待合同能源管理法治化建設。其次堅持鼓勵、促進與引導原則;開放、中立原則;協(xié)調性原則三個原則推進合同能源管理法治化建設。最后通過完善市場準入制、完善誠信保障體系、完善節(jié)能效益結算機制、完善激勵機制、完善法律監(jiān)督機制完善合同能源管理法律領域落實法治化建設。第四章討論了我國合同能源管理法治化的兩個關鍵環(huán)節(jié):一是確定“合同能源管理”管理機構的法律地位,二是健全合同能源管理的技術等標準法律體系。最后結論是,在現(xiàn)代社會主義市場經濟條件下,政府可以采取積極的產業(yè)政策、環(huán)境政策、財政扶持、稅收優(yōu)惠等手段發(fā)揮重要作用。但是,實踐表明,僅靠財稅、補助等優(yōu)惠政策還無法快速推動合同能源管理的發(fā)展。市場化運作的合同能源管理服務模式成功首要的前提是使節(jié)能服務公司和用能單位及相關管理部門都能真正達到雙贏乃至多贏的效應。如果合同能源管理中任何一方無法成為合同能源管理服務運行中的贏家,就無法充分調動相關各方的主觀能動性和積極性,也就更不可能吸引更多的資本投入合同能源管理領域,在節(jié)能技術改進、節(jié)能機制創(chuàng)新、節(jié)能流程優(yōu)化等方面得以發(fā)展。因此,合同能源管理發(fā)展的前提就是構建制度環(huán)境的保障。目前,我國合同能源管理法律立法滯后,已不適應合同能源管理的快速發(fā)展,合同能源管理的法治化已迫在眉睫。
[Abstract]:Strong typhoons, sandstorms, high temperature droughts, extreme precipitation. In recent years, the global extreme weather occurs frequently and harms more and more seriously. The most important thing is that the global climate warming is caused by excessive consumption of carbon based fuel, and extreme weather is a refraction of energy consumption. The main way to avoid extreme weather is to rely on human beings and pass through the extreme weather. The effective reduction of energy consumption changes the deteriorating environment. With the high development of human productivity and the increasing energy consumption, in order to seek the sustainable development of the economy and society, the energy saving has become the trend of the international economic development. As a big manufacturing country and a big energy consumption country, our country is responsible and active in reducing carbon. Emissions, energy saving and emission reduction are identified as a basic national policy, and actively strive to improve the efficiency of energy utilization and build a resource saving society. Because energy saving is involved in a wide range of technologies, and most of the energy saving and emission reduction is a big investment, it is not enough to promote energy saving and reduce consumption by the country. We should actively cultivate the energy saving service market, fully mobilize the participation of all aspects of the market, and promote energy saving and consumption reduction. The energy management of the contract is one of the energy saving service modes that mobilize the market forces to participate in the energy conservation.
The contract energy management is a new market-oriented energy saving mechanism. The contract energy management refers to the contract energy management contract between the companies engaged in energy saving services and the energy use units, providing the users with energy saving diagnosis, financing, transformation and other services, and reducing the investment and obtaining the reasonable profit by the way of energy saving benefit sharing, which can be greatly reduced. It is an effective energy saving measure to use energy units to save energy and technical risks and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of energy conservation reform in energy use units. The essence of the contract energy management is to pay a certain proportion to pay the investment and profit of the contract energy management service agency by a certain proportion. Its characteristic is to reduce the energy consumption list. The capital, technology and risk of energy saving are required to reduce the energy cost faster and gain the benefits of the implementation of energy saving. If the market mechanism of "contract energy management" can be fully played, the effect of energy saving will be very significant. Before the eyes, our government has applied the preferential policies such as finance and tax, subsidies and so on. To support the promotion of the development of energy management in contract, a good policy effect has been achieved, but it is necessary to ensure that the preferential policies to support the energy management of the contract are in place.
This article uses the cross research method, the exploratory research method, through the literature research and the theoretical application research, discusses the necessity and the basic path of the rule of law of energy management in our country. The full text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter discusses the basic connotation and characteristics of the energy management of contract, and expounds the basic connotation and characteristics of the energy management of the contract, and analyzes the energy management of the contract. The second chapter analyzes the nature of the contract energy management contract. The article proposes that the properties of the contract energy management contract are civil contract and the atypical contract. In view of the typicality and applicability of the contract energy management, it is suggested that the contract energy management contract be typified actively. The third chapter analyzes the contract energy of our country. According to the particularity of China's energy management, combining with the particularity of China's energy management, the path of the rule of law of China's contract energy management is put forward. First, the rule of law construction of contract energy management is viewed from the strategic height of the rule of law. Secondly, the principle of encouragement, promotion and guidance, opening, neutrality principle, and the principle of neutrality, and the principle of coordination are the three principles to promote the contract In the end, the fourth chapter discusses two key links in the rule of law of China's contract energy management: first, two key links are discussed. The legal status of the "contract energy management" management organization, two is to improve the standard legal system of energy management of contract. Finally, under the condition of modern socialist market economy, the government can take active industrial policy, environmental policy, financial support, tax incentives and other means to play an important role. However, the practice table is made. It is clear that the preferential policies such as financial and tax only, subsidies and other preferential policies can not quickly promote the development of contract energy management. The primary prerequisite of the successful market operation contract energy management service model is to make the energy saving service companies and energy use units and related management departments achieve a win-win and more win-win effect. If any of the contract energy management is in any one, It is impossible to become a winner in the operation of the contract energy management service. It is impossible to fully mobilize the subjective initiative and enthusiasm of the relevant parties. It is also impossible to attract more capital into the energy management area of the contract. It can be developed in the aspects of energy saving technology improvement, energy saving mechanism innovation and energy saving process optimization. Therefore, the contract energy management is developed. The premise of the development is to build the guarantee of the system environment. At present, the legal legislation of the contract energy management is lagging behind in our country, which has not adapted to the rapid development of the energy management of the contract, and the rule of law of the energy management of the contract is imminent.

【學位授予單位】：華東政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D922.67;F206

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前2條

1 孫曉梅;山東省建筑節(jié)能領域的合同能源管理研究[D];山東財經大學;2012年

2 何長漢;我國合同環(huán)境服務的法治化路徑[D];廣西師范大學;2013年

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本文編號：1782892