本文選題：基層群眾自治 + 協(xié)商民主��； 參考：《寧波大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：基層群眾自治是推進(jìn)中國(guó)政治民主化進(jìn)程的基礎(chǔ)性工程。當(dāng)前運(yùn)行的基層群眾自治既有積極的一面,也有不足之處。其積極意義表現(xiàn)為:一是對(duì)馬克思自治理論的繼承和發(fā)展,促進(jìn)了人的自由和全面發(fā)展;二是對(duì)西方自由主義民主理論的超越,契合了中國(guó)基層政治社會(huì)的現(xiàn)實(shí);三是對(duì)中國(guó)廣大基層群眾民主精神的長(zhǎng)期洗禮,提高了廣大群眾進(jìn)行政治參與的熱情和理性。其不足之處表現(xiàn)為:一是基層群眾利益表達(dá)渠道不夠通暢;二是官民協(xié)商對(duì)話機(jī)制不夠健全;三是民主協(xié)商制度不夠完善。 協(xié)商民主理論主張構(gòu)建多種協(xié)商對(duì)話機(jī)制,強(qiáng)調(diào)群眾參與和理性討論,并以此賦予決策以合法性。協(xié)商民主興起于西方,具有豐富的內(nèi)涵和特征,能夠?qū)x舉民主起到補(bǔ)充作用。協(xié)商民主與中國(guó)基層群眾自治的結(jié)合有其現(xiàn)實(shí)可能性。首先,協(xié)商民主高度強(qiáng)調(diào)協(xié)商主體的大眾性,與中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的群眾路線相偶合;其次,協(xié)商民主高度強(qiáng)調(diào)進(jìn)行決策的協(xié)商性,與我國(guó)政治協(xié)商傳統(tǒng)相偶合;再次,協(xié)商民主高度強(qiáng)調(diào)決策前以公共理性為基礎(chǔ)的民主協(xié)商,與民主集中制原則相偶合�；谝陨戏治�,協(xié)商民主可以在基層基層群眾自治的完善中有所作為。根據(jù)協(xié)商民主的基本要素及其發(fā)展規(guī)律,這種作為主要體現(xiàn)在四個(gè)方面:一是協(xié)商民主運(yùn)行過(guò)程突出理性和有序性,能夠提升基層社會(huì)的公共理性;二是協(xié)商民主強(qiáng)調(diào)參與過(guò)程的公正、公平和平等,能夠規(guī)范基層群眾自治的相關(guān)制度安排;三是協(xié)商民主要求民眾的平等參與,能夠逐步培育出積極和理性的公民社會(huì);四是協(xié)商民主內(nèi)在地要求公共權(quán)威在場(chǎng),能夠改善基層黨組織在基層群眾自治中發(fā)揮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用的路徑和方式。 目前,協(xié)商民主與基層群眾自治結(jié)合的實(shí)踐模式在各地陸續(xù)出現(xiàn),并取得了良好效果和寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)。在村民自治中,有以“民情溝通日”和“參與式預(yù)算”為代表的官民對(duì)話機(jī)制;在城市居民自治中,有發(fā)展比較完善的“議事會(huì)”制度。在企業(yè)管理中出現(xiàn)了“民主懇談會(huì)”制度模式。在協(xié)商民主完善基層群眾自治的實(shí)踐中,我們總結(jié)、提煉了一些可供其他地方借鑒的有益經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:Grass-roots mass self-governance is a basic project to promote the process of political democratization in China.The current operation of grassroots mass autonomy has both a positive side, but also shortcomings.Its positive significance is as follows: first, inheriting and developing Marxist autonomy theory, promoting the free and all-round development of human beings; second, surpassing the western liberal democratic theory, conforming to the reality of Chinese political society at the grass-roots level;Third, the long-term baptism of the democratic spirit of the masses at the grassroots level in China has enhanced their enthusiasm and rationality for political participation.Its shortcomings are as follows: first, the channels of expression of the interests of the grassroots are not smooth enough; second, the mechanism of consultation and dialogue between the officials and the people is not perfect; third, the system of democratic consultation is not perfect enough.The theory of deliberative democracy advocates the construction of various mechanisms of consultation and dialogue, emphasizes the participation of the masses and rational discussion, and gives legitimacy to decision-making.The deliberative democracy rises in the west, has rich connotation and characteristic, can play the supplementary role to the electoral democracy.The combination of deliberative democracy and Chinese grassroots mass autonomy has its realistic possibility.First, the democracy of consultation highly emphasizes the popularity of the subject of consultation, which is coupled with the mass line of the Communist Party of China; secondly, the democracy of consultation highly emphasizes the consultative nature of decision-making and is coupled with the tradition of political consultation in our country; thirdly,Deliberative democracy highly emphasizes democratic consultation based on public rationality before decision-making, which is coupled with the principle of democratic centralism.Based on the above analysis, deliberative democracy can make a difference in the improvement of grassroots mass autonomy.According to the basic elements of consultative democracy and its development law, this kind of behavior is mainly reflected in four aspects: first, the operation process of consultative democracy highlights rationality and order, which can promote the public rationality of grass-roots society;Second, consultation democracy emphasizes the fairness, fairness and equality in the process of participation, and it can standardize the relevant institutional arrangements of grass-roots mass autonomy; third, consultation democracy requires the equal participation of the people and can gradually foster a positive and rational civil society.Fourth, consultation democracy requires the presence of public authority, which can improve the path and way for grass-roots party organizations to play a leading role in grass-roots mass autonomy.At present, the practice model of the combination of consultation democracy and grass-roots mass autonomy has emerged in various places, and has obtained good results and valuable experience.Among the villagers' autonomy, there is a mechanism of dialogue between the officials and the people, represented by "the Day of Communication of people's feelings" and "participatory Budget", and in the autonomy of urban residents, there is a relatively perfect system of "council of parliament".In the enterprise management, there appears the system mode of "democratic talk meeting".In the practice of consultation democracy and perfecting grassroots mass autonomy, we summarize and refine some useful experiences that can be used for reference by other places.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D638

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