本文選題：枝晶金　切入點：多孔金　出處：《湖南師范大學》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 納米金材料由于其特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)以及由此產(chǎn)生的一系列納米效應,廣泛應用于化工、能源、電子等領域。如今,人們已能利用各種方法來制備不同形態(tài)的納米金材料。其中,電化學方法由于其反應可控性好、條件溫和、污染少、適用范圍廣等優(yōu)點,是一種前途廣闊的納米材料制備方法。本文提出了一種新穎、簡單、快速的電化學方法,利用純金及金合金電極制備三維納米枝晶／多孔薄膜金電極,應用于電催化、表面增強拉曼光譜和疏水性研究。主要內(nèi)容如下： 1. Au45Sn55(wt.%)合金在堿性溶液中,通過方波電勢脈沖,可快速制備納米枝晶金膜。枝晶的形成過程涉及去合金、金的氧化還原和析氫。酸性條件下,需要較長時間的方波處理,才能得到類似的枝晶金結(jié)構(gòu)。該枝晶金膜具有高電催化活性和強表面增強拉曼散射效應,在修飾硫醇后具有超疏水性。 2.Au80Sn20合金在NaOH溶液中,經(jīng)方波電勢脈沖,在有氣體析出的情況下,生成三維多孔結(jié)構(gòu)金；而在無氣體析出的情況下,則形由不規(guī)則金納米晶粒堆積成的多孔結(jié)構(gòu)。Au80Sn20合金在H2SO4溶液中,經(jīng)方波電勢脈沖,不析氣的情況下生成枝葉細小的枝晶金,而在有氣體參與的情況下則生成纖細的枝晶結(jié)構(gòu)。所制備的三維多孔電極對葡萄糖和乙醇有良好的電催化活性,在表面修飾硫醇單分子層后也具有超疏水性。 3.研究了純Au以及AuCu等合金電極經(jīng)方波電勢處理所得的表面結(jié)構(gòu)特征。其中,純Au電極在H2SO4溶液中不析氣的情況下也能夠產(chǎn)生枝晶Au；在NaOH溶液中,不析氣則生成與Au80Sn20類似的由不規(guī)則金納米晶粒堆積成的多孔結(jié)構(gòu)。AuNi等合金電極通過方波脈沖法也能得到各種微納米結(jié)構(gòu)表面。
[Abstract]:Nanocrystalline gold materials have been widely used in chemical, energy, electronic and other fields because of their special structure and a series of nanometer effects. Nowadays, people have been able to use various methods to prepare nano-gold materials of different forms. Electrochemical method is a promising method for the preparation of nanomaterials due to its advantages of good controllability, mild conditions, less pollution and wide range of application. In this paper, a novel, simple and rapid electrochemical method is proposed. Three-dimensional nanocrystalline / porous thin film gold electrode was prepared from pure gold and gold alloy electrode. It was used in electrocatalysis, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and hydrophobicity. The main contents are as follows:. 1. Au45Sn55wt.) alloy can be rapidly prepared by square wave potential pulse in alkaline solution. The dendrite formation process involves dealloying, gold redox and hydrogen evolution. Under acidic conditions, a long time square wave treatment is required. The dendritic gold film has high electrocatalytic activity and strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering effect, and has super hydrophobicity after modification of mercaptan. 2. Au80Sn20 alloy in NaOH solution, through square wave potential pulse, in the case of gas precipitation, the formation of three-dimensional porous structure gold, while in the case of no gas precipitation, In H _ 2SO _ 4 solution, in H _ 2SO _ 4 solution, dendritic gold with fine branches and leaves is formed by square wave potential pulse and no gas evolution, which is formed by the porous structure of irregular gold nanocrystalline grains, and the au _ (80) Sn _ (20) alloy is formed in H _ 2SO _ 4 solution. The three-dimensional porous electrode has good electrocatalytic activity for glucose and ethanol, and has super hydrophobicity after surface modification of mercaptan monolayer. 3. The surface structure characteristics of pure au and AuCu alloy electrodes treated by square wave potential have been studied. The dendritic Aus can also be produced at pure au electrodes without gas evolution in H _ 2SO _ 4 solution and in NaOH solution. In the absence of gas evolution, the porous structure of irregular gold nanocrystals. AuNi and other alloy electrodes, similar to that of Au80Sn20, can also be obtained by square wave pulse method.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：TB383.1

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