本文關(guān)鍵詞： 磷石膏 硫酸鉀 一步法 氨水 乙醇　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：針對(duì)氨溶液中磷石膏制備硫酸鉀工藝(正在研究,并無生產(chǎn),只有方法)存在的問題,一些有機(jī)溶劑的加入能改善反應(yīng)體系狀態(tài),從而促進(jìn)反應(yīng)的進(jìn)行,考察了向反應(yīng)體系中添加不同有機(jī)溶劑(甲醇、乙醇等11種不同的有機(jī)溶劑)對(duì)氧化鉀收率的影響。根據(jù)不同溶劑及其濃度對(duì)氧化鉀收率影響的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果初步篩選出甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、異丙醇和丙酮這五種對(duì)提高氧化鉀收率影響較大的溶劑。 篩選出來的甲醇等五種對(duì)氧化鉀收率影響較好的溶劑分別與氨形成混合溶劑�？疾炝嘶旌先軇w系下對(duì)氧化鉀收率影響較大的5種主要影響因素。結(jié)果表明,氨-乙醇混合溶劑最佳,氨-乙醇溶液體系有利于工藝條件的改善,能有效的提高氧化鉀收率。 對(duì)氨-乙醇溶液中磷石膏直接制備硫酸鉀的工藝進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步的研究。其優(yōu)化后的適宜工藝條件為：乙醇濃度為8%、氨初始濃度為25%、反應(yīng)時(shí)間為1.0h、液固比為5.5：1、物料配比為1.20：1。 在上述實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,反應(yīng)的氧化鉀收率可以達(dá)到75%左右,其中產(chǎn)品中氧化鉀含量在40%左右,氯離子含量為1.74-1.85%。產(chǎn)品硫酸鉀質(zhì)量達(dá)到國家農(nóng)業(yè)合格品,副產(chǎn)品氯化鈣達(dá)到工業(yè)合格品。母液中的乙醇可于90℃的條件下蒸餾回收,回收率可達(dá)85%。
[Abstract]:In view of the problems existing in the process of preparing potassium sulfate from phosphogypsum in ammonia solution (no production, only method), the addition of some organic solvents can improve the state of the reaction system and thus promote the reaction. The effect of adding different organic solvents (methanol, ethanol, 11 different organic solvents) to the reaction system on the yield of potassium oxide was investigated. According to the experimental results of different solvents and their concentration on the yield of potassium oxide, methanol was preliminarily selected. Ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol and acetone are the five solvents which have great influence on the yield of potassium oxide. Five kinds of solvents, such as methanol, which have a better effect on the yield of potassium oxide, are mixed with ammonia to form a mixed solvent. The five main factors which have a great influence on the yield of potassium oxide in mixed solvent system are investigated. The results show that, The ammonia-ethanol solution system is beneficial to the improvement of the process conditions and the yield of potassium oxide. The process of direct preparation of potassium sulfate from phosphogypsum in ammonia-ethanol solution was further studied. The optimum technological conditions were as follows: ethanol concentration 8, ammonia initial concentration 25, reaction time 1.0 h, liquid-solid ratio 5.5: 1, material ratio 1.20: 1. Under the above experimental conditions, the yield of potassium oxide can reach about 75%, in which the content of potassium oxide in the product is about 40%, the content of chlorine ion is 1.74-1.85. The by-product calcium chloride reached the industrial standard. The ethanol in the mother liquor could be distilled and recovered at 90 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1524804